# CVE-2025-12014: NGINX Cache Optimizer <= 1.1 - Missing Authorization to Authenticated (Subscriber+) Dynamic Caching Exclusion Update

> Authenticated subscribers can modify dynamic caching exclusion settings due to missing capability checks in the NGINX Cache Optimizer WordPress plugin.

- **Severity:** Medium 4.3 (`CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N`)
- **Exploited in the wild:** Not known
- **Login needed:** Any signed-in user
- **Attackable:** Over the internet
- **Victim action needed:** Not needed
- **Fix available:** No
- **Published:** 24 Oct 2025
- **Updated:** 8 Apr 2026
- **Also known as:** GHSA-wfpf-w254-hh56

## What is CVE-2025-12014?

CVE-2025-12014 is a medium-severity missing authorization vulnerability in getclouder NGINX Cache Optimizer, published on 24 Oct 2025. Any signed-in user can exploit it over the network, with no action from the victim.

### Official description

The NGINX Cache Optimizer plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to unauthorized modification of data due to a missing capability check on the 'nginxcacheoptimizer-blacklist-update' AJAX action in all versions up to, and including, 1.1. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with Subscriber-level access and above, to add URLs to the Exclude URLs From Dynamic Caching setting.

Weakness: CWE-862 (Missing Authorization)

## Which versions are affected by CVE-2025-12014?


## How do I fix CVE-2025-12014?

No fix has been published for CVE-2025-12014 yet. Limit exposure of the affected software until one is available.

## Is CVE-2025-12014 being exploited?

There is no known exploitation of CVE-2025-12014 in the wild and no public exploit code.

## Fix prompt for AI coding agents

```text
Check this codebase for CVE-2025-12014 and fix it if it is affected.

What it is: CVE-2025-12014 is a medium-severity missing authorization vulnerability in getclouder NGINX Cache Optimizer, published on 24 Oct 2025. Any signed-in user can exploit it over the network, with no action from the victim.
Exploitation: There is no known exploitation of CVE-2025-12014 in the wild and no public exploit code.

Affected product: getclouder NGINX Cache Optimizer. No package-level version data is available, so check the vendor advisory linked from the reference page.

Task:
1. Search the dependency manifests and lockfiles (for example package.json, package-lock.json, requirements.txt, poetry.lock, uv.lock, pom.xml, build.gradle, go.mod, Cargo.lock, Gemfile.lock) and any Dockerfiles for the affected packages, including transitive dependencies.
2. If an affected version is in use, upgrade it to the fixed version for its release line with the project's package manager, so the lockfile is regenerated. Prefer the smallest upgrade that fixes it.
3. If there is no fix, or the upgrade would break the build, do not guess: explain the risk and the safest workaround instead.
4. Run the tests and summarise what changed and why.
5. If nothing in the project is affected, say so and change nothing.

Reference: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2025-12014/ (Markdown: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2025-12014/index.md)
```

## Sources

- CVE record: https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-12014
- NVD: https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-12014
- OSV: https://osv.dev/vulnerability/CVE-2025-12014

---
From sbomify Insights: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2025-12014/
Summaries are generated and may contain mistakes; the official description above is the record.