CVE-2025-12194 Bouncy Castle Vulnerable to Uncontrolled Resource Consumption
Attackers can cause excessive memory allocation in Bouncy Castle Java FIPS and LTS libraries, leading to denial of service.
- Exploited in the wild
- Not known
- Login needed
- Not needed
- Attackable
- Local or same network only
- Victim action needed
- Not needed
- Fix
- Available
What is CVE-2025-12194?
CVE-2025-12194 is a medium-severity denial of service vulnerability in Legion of the Bouncy Castle Inc. Bouncy Castle for Java FIPS, published on 24 Oct 2025. It can only be exploited from the same machine or local network, with no action from the victim.
Official description
Uncontrolled Resource Consumption vulnerability in Legion of the Bouncy Castle Inc. Bouncy Castle for Java FIPS bc-fips on All (API modules), Legion of the Bouncy Castle Inc. Bouncy Castle for Java LTS bcprov-lts8on on All (API modules) allows Excessive Allocation. This vulnerability is associated with program files core/src/main/jdk1.9/org/bouncycastle/crypto/fips/AESNativeCFB.Java, core/src/main/jdk1.9/org/bouncycastle/crypto/fips/AESNativeGCM.Java, core/src/main/jdk1.9/org/bouncycastle/crypto/fips/SHA256NativeDigest.Java, core/src/main/jdk1.9/org/bouncycastle/crypto/fips/AESNativeEngine.Java, core/src/main/jdk1.9/org/bouncycastle/crypto/fips/AESNativeCBC.Java, core/src/main/jdk1.9/org/bouncycastle/crypto/fips/AESNativeCTR.Java, core/src/main/jdk1.9/org/bouncycastle/crypto/engines/AESNativeCFB.Java, core/src/main/jdk1.9/org/bouncycastle/crypto/engines/AESNativeGCM.Java, core/src/main/jdk1.9/org/bouncycastle/crypto/engines/AESNativeEngine.Java, core/src/main/jdk1.9/org/bouncycastle/crypto/engines/AESNativeCBC.Java, core/src/main/jdk1.9/org/bouncycastle/crypto/engines/AESNativeGCMSIV.Java, core/src/main/jdk1.9/org/bouncycastle/crypto/engines/AESNativeCCM.Java, core/src/main/jdk1.9/org/bouncycastle/crypto/engines/AESNativeCTR.Java, core/src/main/jdk1.9/org/bouncycastle/crypto/digests/SHA256NativeDigest.Java, core/src/main/jdk1.9/org/bouncycastle/crypto/digests/SHA224NativeDigest.Java, core/src/main/jdk1.9/org/bouncycastle/crypto/digests/SHA3NativeDigest.Java, core/src/main/jdk1.9/org/bouncycastle/crypto/digests/SHAKENativeDigest.Java, core/src/main/jdk1.9/org/bouncycastle/crypto/digests/SHA512NativeDigest.Java, core/src/main/jdk1.9/org/bouncycastle/crypto/digests/SHA384NativeDigest.Java.
This issue affects Bouncy Castle for Java FIPS: from 2.1.0 through 2.1.1; Bouncy Castle for Java LTS: from 2.73.0 through 2.73.7.
Weakness: CWE-400
Which versions are affected by CVE-2025-12194?
4 open source packages ship an affected version, including org.bouncycastle:bc-fips and org.bouncycastle:bcprov-debug-lts8on.
| Package | Affected | Fixed in |
|---|---|---|
org.bouncycastle:bc-fips Maven | From 2.1.0 | 2.1.2 |
org.bouncycastle:bc-fips Maven | From 2.1.0 | 2.1.2 |
org.bouncycastle:bcprov-debug-lts8on Maven | From 2.73.0 | 2.73.8 |
org.bouncycastle:bcprov-debug-lts8on Maven | From 2.73.0 | 2.73.8 |
How do I fix CVE-2025-12194?
Upgrade org.bouncycastle:bc-fips to 2.1.2 or later.
Upgrade, then put limits on request size, rate and nesting depth so one client cannot exhaust the service. More about Denial of service.
Is CVE-2025-12194 being exploited?
There is no known exploitation of CVE-2025-12194 in the wild and no public exploit code.
Sources
Also known as DEBIAN-CVE-2025-12194, ECHO-8b04-9b9f-4016, GHSA-jv6h-4262-q663, MINI-7rwg-6hw3-xfcm.