{"answers":{"affected":"It affects 1 product.","exploited":"There is no known exploitation of CVE-2025-12331 in the wild and no public exploit code.","fix":"No fix has been published for CVE-2025-12331 yet. Limit exposure of the affected software until one is available.","what":"CVE-2025-12331 is a medium-severity vulnerability in Willow CMS, published on 27 Oct 2025. An attacker needs administrator access to exploit it, with no action from the victim."},"fix_prompt":"Check this codebase for CVE-2025-12331 and fix it if it is affected.\n\nWhat it is: CVE-2025-12331 is a medium-severity vulnerability in Willow CMS, published on 27 Oct 2025. An attacker needs administrator access to exploit it, with no action from the victim.\nExploitation: There is no known exploitation of CVE-2025-12331 in the wild and no public exploit code.\n\nAffected product: Willow CMS. No package-level version data is available, so check the vendor advisory linked from the reference page.\n\nTask:\n1. Search the dependency manifests and lockfiles (for example package.json, package-lock.json, requirements.txt, poetry.lock, uv.lock, pom.xml, build.gradle, go.mod, Cargo.lock, Gemfile.lock) and any Dockerfiles for the affected packages, including transitive dependencies.\n2. If an affected version is in use, upgrade it to the fixed version for its release line with the project's package manager, so the lockfile is regenerated. Prefer the smallest upgrade that fixes it.\n3. If there is no fix, or the upgrade would break the build, do not guess: explain the risk and the safest workaround instead.\n4. Run the tests and summarise what changed and why.\n5. If nothing in the project is affected, say so and change nothing.\n\nReference: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2025-12331/ (Markdown: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2025-12331/index.md)","id":"CVE-2025-12331","markdown":"https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2025-12331/index.md","name":"CVE-2025-12331","record":{"aliases":["GHSA-c78m-c7wq-r5w4"],"analysis":{"component_type":"web_application","fix_type":"upgrade","impacts":["code_execution"],"network_reachable":"yes","non_default_config":false,"product_category":"Willow CMS","requires_auth":"high_privilege","summary":"Remote attackers can upload malicious files to Willow CMS via the admin image addition endpoint, potentially leading to code execution.","user_interaction":"not_required","vuln_class":"file_upload"},"analysis_generated_by":"qwen3.8-flash-next","assigner":"VulDB","cpe":[{"product":"willow_cms","vendor":"matthewdeaves"}],"cvss":{"score":5.1,"severity":"medium","source":"cna","vector":"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P","version":"4.0"},"cwes":[{"id":"CWE-434","name":"Unrestricted Upload of File with Dangerous Type"},{"id":"CWE-284","name":"Improper Access Control"}],"description":"A weakness has been identified in Willow CMS up to 1.4.0. Impacted is an unknown function of the file /admin/images/add. This manipulation causes unrestricted upload. Remote exploitation of the attack is possible. The exploit has been made available to the public and could be exploited.","ecosystems":[],"exploits":{"exploitdb":0,"first_seen":null,"github_poc":0,"max_poc_stars":null,"metasploit":0,"nuclei":0,"refs":[],"tier":"none_known"},"has_fix":false,"headline":"Willow CMS add unrestricted upload","id":"CVE-2025-12331","indexable":true,"kev":null,"kind":"cve","links":{"ecosystem":null,"product":null,"products":[],"type":"file_upload","year":"2025"},"n_packages":0,"n_references":5,"next":{"headline":"SourceCodester Student Grades Management System admin.php delete_user cross site scripting","id":"CVE-2025-12332"},"packages":[],"prev":{"headline":"Willow CMS Add Post add cross site scripting","id":"CVE-2025-12330"},"products":["CMS"],"published":"2025-10-27","related":[{"cvss_score":4.8,"headline":"Willow CMS Add Post add cross site scripting","id":"CVE-2025-12330","kev_date_added":null,"published":"2025-10-27"}],"sources":[{"class":"attribution","licence":"CVE Terms of Use (MITRE)","name":"CVE List","prefix":"CVE"},{"class":"attribution","licence":"US public information, NVD API terms","name":"NVD"},{"class":"attribution","licence":"CWE Terms of Use","name":"CWE (MITRE)"},{"class":"attribution","licence":"FIRST CVSS licence","name":"CVSS (FIRST)"}],"ssvc":{"automatable":"no","exploitation":"none","technical_impact":"partial"},"state":"PUBLISHED","updated":"2025-10-28","vendors":["Willow"]},"summary":"Remote attackers can upload malicious files to Willow CMS via the admin image addition endpoint, potentially leading to code execution.","url":"https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2025-12331/"}