# CVE-2025-12391: Restrictions for BuddyPress <= 1.5.2 - Missing Authorization to Unauthenticated Tracking Status Update

> Unauthenticated attackers can modify tracking status settings due to missing capability checks in the Restrictions for BuddyPress plugin.

- **Severity:** Medium 5.3 (`CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N`)
- **Exploited in the wild:** Not known
- **Login needed:** Not needed
- **Attackable:** Over the internet
- **Victim action needed:** Not needed
- **Fix available:** No
- **Published:** 18 Nov 2025
- **Updated:** 8 Apr 2026
- **Also known as:** GHSA-p977-vf96-vh9m

## What is CVE-2025-12391?

CVE-2025-12391 is a medium-severity missing authorization vulnerability in seventhqueen Restrictions for BuddyPress, published on 18 Nov 2025. An attacker can exploit it over the internet without logging in, with no action from the victim.

### Official description

The Restrictions for BuddyPress plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to unauthorized modification of data due to a missing capability check on the handle_optin_optout() function in all versions up to, and including, 1.5.2. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to opt in and out of tracking.

Weakness: CWE-862 (Missing Authorization)

## Which versions are affected by CVE-2025-12391?


## How do I fix CVE-2025-12391?

No fix has been published for CVE-2025-12391 yet. Limit exposure of the affected software until one is available.

## Is CVE-2025-12391 being exploited?

There is no known exploitation of CVE-2025-12391 in the wild and no public exploit code.

## Fix prompt for AI coding agents

```text
Check this codebase for CVE-2025-12391 and fix it if it is affected.

What it is: CVE-2025-12391 is a medium-severity missing authorization vulnerability in seventhqueen Restrictions for BuddyPress, published on 18 Nov 2025. An attacker can exploit it over the internet without logging in, with no action from the victim.
Exploitation: There is no known exploitation of CVE-2025-12391 in the wild and no public exploit code.

Affected product: seventhqueen Restrictions for BuddyPress. No package-level version data is available, so check the vendor advisory linked from the reference page.

Task:
1. Search the dependency manifests and lockfiles (for example package.json, package-lock.json, requirements.txt, poetry.lock, uv.lock, pom.xml, build.gradle, go.mod, Cargo.lock, Gemfile.lock) and any Dockerfiles for the affected packages, including transitive dependencies.
2. If an affected version is in use, upgrade it to the fixed version for its release line with the project's package manager, so the lockfile is regenerated. Prefer the smallest upgrade that fixes it.
3. If there is no fix, or the upgrade would break the build, do not guess: explain the risk and the safest workaround instead.
4. Run the tests and summarise what changed and why.
5. If nothing in the project is affected, say so and change nothing.

Reference: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2025-12391/ (Markdown: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2025-12391/index.md)
```

## Sources

- CVE record: https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-12391
- NVD: https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-12391
- OSV: https://osv.dev/vulnerability/CVE-2025-12391

---
From sbomify Insights: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2025-12391/
Summaries are generated and may contain mistakes; the official description above is the record.