{"answers":{"affected":"","exploited":"There is no known exploitation of CVE-2025-13591 in the wild and no public exploit code.","fix":"No fix has been published for CVE-2025-13591 yet. Limit exposure of the affected software until one is available.","what":"CVE-2025-13591 is a medium-severity vulnerability in WSO2 Email OTP Authenticator, published on 19 Oct 2026. An attacker can exploit it over the internet without logging in, with no action from the victim."},"fix_prompt":"Check this codebase for CVE-2025-13591 and fix it if it is affected.\n\nWhat it is: CVE-2025-13591 is a medium-severity vulnerability in WSO2 Email OTP Authenticator, published on 19 Oct 2026. An attacker can exploit it over the internet without logging in, with no action from the victim.\nExploitation: There is no known exploitation of CVE-2025-13591 in the wild and no public exploit code.\n\nAffected product: WSO2 Email OTP Authenticator. No package-level version data is available, so check the vendor advisory linked from the reference page.\n\nTask:\n1. Search the dependency manifests and lockfiles (for example package.json, package-lock.json, requirements.txt, poetry.lock, uv.lock, pom.xml, build.gradle, go.mod, Cargo.lock, Gemfile.lock) and any Dockerfiles for the affected packages, including transitive dependencies.\n2. If an affected version is in use, upgrade it to the fixed version for its release line with the project's package manager, so the lockfile is regenerated. Prefer the smallest upgrade that fixes it.\n3. If there is no fix, or the upgrade would break the build, do not guess: explain the risk and the safest workaround instead.\n4. Run the tests and summarise what changed and why.\n5. If nothing in the project is affected, say so and change nothing.\n\nReference: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2025-13591/ (Markdown: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2025-13591/index.md)","id":"CVE-2025-13591","markdown":"https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2025-13591/index.md","name":"CVE-2025-13591","record":{"aliases":["GHSA-9j2j-6wwh-jwf6"],"analysis":{"component_type":"server_software","fix_type":"patch","impacts":["data_read"],"network_reachable":"yes","non_default_config":false,"product_category":"Identity Server","requires_auth":"none","summary":"Attackers can enumerate valid usernames via inconsistent authentication responses, facilitating targeted attacks like phishing or brute force.","user_interaction":"not_required","vuln_class":"information_disclosure"},"analysis_generated_by":"qwen3.8-flash-next","assigner":"WSO2","cpe":[],"cvss":{"score":5.3,"severity":"medium","source":"cna","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N","version":"3.1"},"cwes":[{"id":"CWE-203","name":"Observable Discrepancy"}],"description":"The authentication endpoint of WSO2 Identity Server fails to provide a consistent system response when a username does not exist in the system, allowing attackers to differentiate between valid and invalid usernames. This difference in responses can be leveraged to enumerate existing user accounts.\n\nSuccessful exploitation enables an attacker to discover valid usernames within the system, significantly increasing the risk of subsequent attacks such as brute force attacks on user credentials, social engineering attacks, and information leakage. The discovered usernames can be used to craft targeted phishing emails or other social engineering campaigns.","ecosystems":[],"exploits":{"exploitdb":0,"first_seen":null,"github_poc":0,"max_poc_stars":null,"metasploit":0,"nuclei":0,"refs":[],"tier":"none_known"},"has_fix":null,"headline":"Username Enumeration via Authentication Endpoint in WSO2 Identity Server Allows User Account Discovery","id":"CVE-2025-13591","indexable":true,"kev":null,"kind":"cve","links":{"ecosystem":null,"product":null,"products":[],"type":"information_disclosure","year":"2025"},"n_packages":0,"n_references":1,"next":{"headline":"Advanced Ads \u003c= 2.0.14 - Authenticated (Editor+) Remote Code Execution via Shortcode","id":"CVE-2025-13592"},"packages":[],"prev":{"headline":"Authenticated arbitrary file upload via a System REST API requiring administrator permission.","id":"CVE-2025-13590"},"products":["Email OTP Authenticator","WSO2 Carbon Abstract OTP Authenticator","WSO2 Identity Server"],"published":"2026-10-19","related":[],"sources":[{"class":"attribution","licence":"CVE Terms of Use (MITRE)","name":"CVE List","prefix":"CVE"},{"class":"attribution","licence":"CWE Terms of Use","name":"CWE (MITRE)"},{"class":"attribution","licence":"FIRST CVSS licence","name":"CVSS (FIRST)"}],"ssvc":{"automatable":"no","exploitation":"none","technical_impact":"partial"},"state":"PUBLISHED","updated":"2026-10-20","vendors":["WSO2"]},"summary":"Attackers can enumerate valid usernames via inconsistent authentication responses, facilitating targeted attacks like phishing or brute force.","url":"https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2025-13591/"}