{"answers":{"affected":"","exploited":"There is no known exploitation of CVE-2025-1727 in the wild and no public exploit code.","fix":"No fix has been published for CVE-2025-1727 yet. Limit exposure of the affected software until one is available.","what":"CVE-2025-1727 is a high-severity authentication bypass vulnerability in End-of-Train and Head-of-Train remote linking protocol, published on 10 Jul 2025. It can only be exploited from the same machine or local network, with no action from the victim."},"fix_prompt":"Check this codebase for CVE-2025-1727 and fix it if it is affected.\n\nWhat it is: CVE-2025-1727 is a high-severity authentication bypass vulnerability in End-of-Train and Head-of-Train remote linking protocol, published on 10 Jul 2025. It can only be exploited from the same machine or local network, with no action from the victim.\nExploitation: There is no known exploitation of CVE-2025-1727 in the wild and no public exploit code.\n\nAffected product: End-of-Train and Head-of-Train remote linking protocol. No package-level version data is available, so check the vendor advisory linked from the reference page.\n\nTask:\n1. Search the dependency manifests and lockfiles (for example package.json, package-lock.json, requirements.txt, poetry.lock, uv.lock, pom.xml, build.gradle, go.mod, Cargo.lock, Gemfile.lock) and any Dockerfiles for the affected packages, including transitive dependencies.\n2. If an affected version is in use, upgrade it to the fixed version for its release line with the project's package manager, so the lockfile is regenerated. Prefer the smallest upgrade that fixes it.\n3. If there is no fix, or the upgrade would break the build, do not guess: explain the risk and the safest workaround instead.\n4. Run the tests and summarise what changed and why.\n5. If nothing in the project is affected, say so and change nothing.\n\nReference: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2025-1727/ (Markdown: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2025-1727/index.md)","id":"CVE-2025-1727","markdown":"https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2025-1727/index.md","name":"CVE-2025-1727","record":{"aliases":["GHSA-q5w3-wqpr-96vw"],"analysis":{"component_type":"ics_ot","fix_type":"no_fix_stated","impacts":["denial_of_service","security_bypass"],"network_reachable":"adjacent_or_local","non_default_config":false,"product_category":"Railway brake protocol","requires_auth":"none","summary":"Attackers can bypass weak authentication in railway brake protocols using SDR to issue unauthorized brake commands, causing operational disruption.","user_interaction":"not_required","vuln_class":"auth_bypass"},"analysis_generated_by":"qwen3.8-flash-next","assigner":"icscert","cpe":[],"cvss":{"score":7.2,"severity":"high","source":"cna","vector":"CVSS:4.0/AV:A/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N","version":"4.0"},"cwes":[{"id":"CWE-1390","name":"Weak Authentication"}],"description":"The protocol used for remote linking over RF for End-of-Train and \nHead-of-Train (also known as a FRED) relies on a BCH checksum for packet\n creation. It is possible to create these EoT and HoT packets with a \nsoftware defined radio and issue brake control commands to the EoT \ndevice, disrupting operations or potentially overwhelming the brake \nsystems.","ecosystems":[],"exploits":{"exploitdb":0,"first_seen":"2026-08-04","github_poc":1,"max_poc_stars":1,"metasploit":0,"nuclei":0,"refs":[{"date":"2026-08-04T02:31:55Z","kind":"github_poc","ref":"https://github.com/spinfosecurity/Rail-OT-Protector","stars":1,"title":"Rail-OT-Protector (ROP) — free, open-source cybersecurity scanning tool for rail and transit OT/SCADA networks. PowerShell + Bash scanners for CVE-2025-1727, RailSafe legacy API, ICS protocol exposure, and remote access risk."}],"tier":"poc_unverified"},"has_fix":null,"headline":"End-of-Train and Head-of-Train Remote Linking Protocol Weak Authentication","id":"CVE-2025-1727","indexable":true,"kev":null,"kind":"cve","links":{"ecosystem":null,"product":null,"products":[],"type":"auth_bypass","year":"2025"},"n_packages":0,"n_references":1,"next":{"headline":"** REJECT ** DO NOT USE THIS CANDIDATE NUMBER.","id":"CVE-2025-1728"},"packages":[],"prev":{"headline":"[#BUG-000172669 ArcGIS Monitor has a security vulnerability]","id":"CVE-2025-1726"},"products":["End-of-Train and Head-of-Train remote linking protocol"],"published":"2025-07-10","related":[],"sources":[{"class":"attribution","licence":"CVE Terms of Use (MITRE)","name":"CVE List","prefix":"CVE"},{"class":"attribution","licence":"CWE Terms of Use","name":"CWE (MITRE)"},{"class":"attribution","licence":"FIRST CVSS licence","name":"CVSS (FIRST)"},{"class":"open","licence":"CC0","name":"PoC-in-GitHub"}],"ssvc":{"automatable":"no","exploitation":"none","technical_impact":"total"},"state":"PUBLISHED","updated":"2025-07-11","vendors":["End-of-Train and Head-of-Train remote linking protocol"]},"summary":"Attackers can bypass weak authentication in railway brake protocols using SDR to issue unauthorized brake commands, causing operational disruption.","url":"https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2025-1727/"}