# CVE-2025-1994: IBM Cognos Command Center code execution

> A local attacker can execute arbitrary code on IBM Cognos Command Center due to unsafe deserialization using BinaryFormatter.

- **Severity:** High 7.8 (`CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H`)
- **Exploited in the wild:** Not known
- **Login needed:** Any signed-in user
- **Attackable:** Local or same network only
- **Victim action needed:** Not needed
- **Fix available:** No
- **Published:** 26 Aug 2025
- **Updated:** 26 Aug 2025
- **Also known as:** GHSA-j666-4gr9-r4q4

## What is CVE-2025-1994?

CVE-2025-1994 is a high-severity unsafe deserialization vulnerability in IBM Cognos Command Center, published on 26 Aug 2025. It can only be exploited from the same machine or local network, with no action from the victim.

### Official description

IBM Cognos Command Center 10.2.4.1 and 10.2.5 

could allow a local user to execute arbitrary code on the system due to the use of unsafe use of the BinaryFormatter function.

Weakness: CWE-242 (Use of Inherently Dangerous Function)

## Which versions are affected by CVE-2025-1994?

It affects 1 product.


Products: Ibm Cognos Command Center.

## How do I fix CVE-2025-1994?

No fix has been published for CVE-2025-1994 yet. Limit exposure of the affected software until one is available.

## Is CVE-2025-1994 being exploited?

There is no known exploitation of CVE-2025-1994 in the wild and no public exploit code.

## Other vulnerabilities in IBM Cognos Command Center

- [CVE-2025-2697](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2025-2697/): IBM Cognos Command Center HTTP Open Redirect (high 7.4)
- [CVE-2013-4000](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2013-4000/): Cross-site request forgery in n/a (medium 6.8)
- [CVE-2025-1494](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2025-1494/): IBM Cognos Command Center clickjacking (medium 6.1)
- [CVE-2023-50324](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2023-50324/): IBM Cognos Command Center information disclosure (medium 5.3)
- [CVE-2024-31899](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2024-31899/): IBM Cognos Command Center information disclosure (medium 4.3)

## Fix prompt for AI coding agents

```text
Check this codebase for CVE-2025-1994 and fix it if it is affected.

What it is: CVE-2025-1994 is a high-severity unsafe deserialization vulnerability in IBM Cognos Command Center, published on 26 Aug 2025. It can only be exploited from the same machine or local network, with no action from the victim.
Exploitation: There is no known exploitation of CVE-2025-1994 in the wild and no public exploit code.

Affected product: IBM Cognos Command Center. No package-level version data is available, so check the vendor advisory linked from the reference page.

Task:
1. Search the dependency manifests and lockfiles (for example package.json, package-lock.json, requirements.txt, poetry.lock, uv.lock, pom.xml, build.gradle, go.mod, Cargo.lock, Gemfile.lock) and any Dockerfiles for the affected packages, including transitive dependencies.
2. If an affected version is in use, upgrade it to the fixed version for its release line with the project's package manager, so the lockfile is regenerated. Prefer the smallest upgrade that fixes it.
3. If there is no fix, or the upgrade would break the build, do not guess: explain the risk and the safest workaround instead.
4. Run the tests and summarise what changed and why.
5. If nothing in the project is affected, say so and change nothing.

Reference: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2025-1994/ (Markdown: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2025-1994/index.md)
```

## Sources

- CVE record: https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-1994
- NVD: https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-1994
- OSV: https://osv.dev/vulnerability/CVE-2025-1994

---
From sbomify Insights: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2025-1994/
Summaries are generated and may contain mistakes; the official description above is the record.