CVE-2025-21502 Missing authorization in Oracle Java SE

What is CVE-2025-21502?

CVE-2025-21502 is a medium-severity missing authorization vulnerability in Debian Debian Linux, published on 21 Jan 2025. An attacker can exploit it over the internet without logging in, with no action from the victim.

Official description

Vulnerability in the Oracle Java SE, Oracle GraalVM for JDK, Oracle GraalVM Enterprise Edition product of Oracle Java SE (component: Hotspot). Supported versions that are affected are Oracle Java SE: 8u431-perf, 11.0.25, 17.0.13, 21.0.5, 23.0.1; Oracle GraalVM for JDK: 17.0.13, 21.0.5, 23.0.1; Oracle GraalVM Enterprise Edition: 20.3.16 and 21.3.12. Difficult to exploit vulnerability allows unauthenticated attacker with network access via multiple protocols to compromise Oracle Java SE, Oracle GraalVM for JDK, Oracle GraalVM Enterprise Edition. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in unauthorized update, insert or delete access to some of Oracle Java SE, Oracle GraalVM for JDK, Oracle GraalVM Enterprise Edition accessible data as well as unauthorized read access to a subset of Oracle Java SE, Oracle GraalVM for JDK, Oracle GraalVM Enterprise Edition accessible data. Note: This vulnerability can be exploited by using APIs in the specified Component, e.g., through a web service which supplies data to the APIs. This vulnerability also applies to Java deployments, typically in clients running sandboxed Java Web Start applications or sandboxed Java applets, that load and run untrusted code (e.g., code that comes from the internet) and rely on the Java sandbox for security. CVSS 3.1 Base Score 4.8 (Confidentiality and Integrity impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N).

Weakness: CWE-863

Which versions are affected by CVE-2025-21502?

3 open source packages ship an affected version, including java, java-min and jre. It affects 11 products.

Products include Debian Debian Linux, Netapp Active Iq Unified Manager, Netapp Bootstrap Os, Netapp Brocade San Navigator, Netapp Data Infrastructure Insights Storage Workload Security Agent, Netapp Oncommand Insight and 5 more.

How do I fix CVE-2025-21502?

Upgrade java to a fixed version for your release line: 1.8.0, 8.0.441, 11.0.26 or 17.0.14.

Upgrade, and check permissions on every request on the server, not only in the interface. More about Missing authorization.

Is CVE-2025-21502 being exploited?

There is no known exploitation of CVE-2025-21502 in the wild and no public exploit code.

Other vulnerabilities in Debian Debian Linux

• CVE-2015-3306 ProFTPD Improper Access Control Exploited Critical 10.0
• CVE-2025-49113 RoundCube Webmail Deserialization of Untrusted Data Exploited Critical 9.9
• CVE-2026-24061 GNU InetUtils Argument Injection Exploited Critical 9.8
• CVE-2025-39682 Linux Kernel Improper Check for Unusual or Exceptional Conditions Exploited Critical 9.8
• CVE-2024-9680 Mozilla Firefox Use-After-Free Exploited Critical 9.8

All Debian Debian Linux vulnerabilities

Sources

• CVE record
• NVD
• OSV
• GitHub advisory
• How this page is made

Also known as ALSA-2025:0422, ALSA-2025:0426, BIT-java-2025-21502, BIT-java-min-2025-21502, BIT-jre-2025-21502, DEBIAN-CVE-2025-21502 and 41 more.