{"answers":{"affected":"10 open source packages ship an affected version, including github.com/cilium/cilium, cilium and cilium-operator. It affects 1 product.","exploited":"There is no known exploitation of CVE-2025-23028 in the wild and no public exploit code.","fix":"Upgrade github.com/cilium/cilium to a fixed version for your release line: 1.14.18, 1.15.12 or 1.16.5.","what":"CVE-2025-23028 is a medium-severity denial of service vulnerability in cilium, published on 22 Jan 2025. An attacker can exploit it over the internet without logging in, with no action from the victim."},"fix_prompt":"Check this codebase for CVE-2025-23028 and fix it if it is affected.\n\nWhat it is: CVE-2025-23028 is a medium-severity denial of service vulnerability in cilium, published on 22 Jan 2025. An attacker can exploit it over the internet without logging in, with no action from the victim.\nExploitation: There is no known exploitation of CVE-2025-23028 in the wild and no public exploit code.\n\nAffected packages and fixed versions:\n- github.com/cilium/cilium (Go): affected from 1.14.0; fixed in 1.14.18, 1.15.12, 1.16.5\n- github.com/cilium/cilium (Go): affected from 1.14.0; fixed in 1.14.18\n- github.com/cilium/cilium (Go): affected from 1.14.0; fixed in 1.14.18\n- github.com/cilium/cilium (Go): affected from 1.15.0; fixed in 1.15.12\n- github.com/cilium/cilium (Go): affected from 1.15.0; fixed in 1.15.12\n- github.com/cilium/cilium (Go): affected from 1.16.0; fixed in 1.16.5\n- github.com/cilium/cilium (Go): affected from 1.16.0; fixed in 1.16.5\n- cilium (Bitnami): affected from 1.15.4; fixed in 1.16.5\n- cilium-operator (Bitnami): affected from 1.15.4; fixed in 1.16.5\n- hubble-relay (Bitnami): affected from 1.14.0; fixed in 1.16.5\n\nTask:\n1. Search the dependency manifests and lockfiles (for example package.json, package-lock.json, requirements.txt, poetry.lock, uv.lock, pom.xml, build.gradle, go.mod, Cargo.lock, Gemfile.lock) and any Dockerfiles for the affected packages, including transitive dependencies.\n2. If an affected version is in use, upgrade it to the fixed version for its release line with the project's package manager, so the lockfile is regenerated. Prefer the smallest upgrade that fixes it.\n3. If there is no fix, or the upgrade would break the build, do not guess: explain the risk and the safest workaround instead.\n4. Run the tests and summarise what changed and why.\n5. If nothing in the project is affected, say so and change nothing.\n\nReference: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2025-23028/ (Markdown: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2025-23028/index.md)","id":"CVE-2025-23028","markdown":"https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2025-23028/index.md","name":"CVE-2025-23028","record":{"aliases":["BIT-cilium-2025-23028","BIT-cilium-operator-2025-23028","BIT-hubble-relay-2025-23028","GHSA-9m5p-c77c-f9j7","GO-2025-3415"],"analysis":{"component_type":"container_or_infrastructure","fix_type":"upgrade","impacts":["denial_of_service"],"network_reachable":"yes","non_default_config":true,"product_category":"Cilium network plugin","requires_auth":"none","summary":"An attacker can crash Cilium agents by sending crafted DNS responses, disrupting DNS-based policies in Kubernetes clusters using DNS proxying.","user_interaction":"not_required","vuln_class":"denial_of_service"},"analysis_generated_by":"qwen3.8-flash-next","assigner":"GitHub_M","cpe":[{"product":"cilium","vendor":"cilium"}],"cvss":{"score":5.3,"severity":"medium","source":"cna","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L","version":"3.1"},"cwes":[{"id":"CWE-770","name":"Allocation of Resources Without Limits or Throttling"}],"description":"Cilium is a networking, observability, and security solution with an eBPF-based dataplane. A denial of service vulnerability affects versions 1.14.0 through 1.14.7, 1.15.0 through 1.15.11, and 1.16.0 through 1.16.4. In a Kubernetes cluster where Cilium is configured to proxy DNS traffic, an attacker can crash Cilium agents by sending a crafted DNS response to workloads from outside the cluster. For traffic that is allowed but without using DNS-based policy, the dataplane will continue to pass traffic as configured at the time of the DoS. For workloads that have DNS-based policy configured, existing connections may continue to operate, and new connections made without relying on DNS resolution may continue to be established, but new connections which rely on DNS resolution may be disrupted. Any configuration changes that affect the impacted agent may not be applied until the agent is able to restart. This issue is fixed in Cilium v1.14.18, v1.15.12, and v1.16.5. No known workarounds are available.","ecosystems":["Bitnami","Go"],"exploits":{"exploitdb":0,"first_seen":null,"github_poc":0,"max_poc_stars":null,"metasploit":0,"nuclei":0,"refs":[],"tier":"none_known"},"has_fix":true,"headline":"DoS in Cilium agent DNS proxy from crafted DNS responses","id":"CVE-2025-23028","indexable":true,"kev":null,"kind":"cve","links":{"ecosystem":"Bitnami","product":null,"products":[],"type":"denial_of_service","year":"2025"},"n_packages":10,"n_references":2,"next":{"headline":"Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) Reflected endpoint 'cadastro_funcionario.php' parameter 'cpf' in WeGIA","id":"CVE-2025-23030"},"packages":[{"ecosystem":"Bitnami","fixed":["1.16.5"],"introduced":["1.15.4"],"last_affected":[],"package":"cilium","purl":"pkg:bitnami/cilium","source":"BIT-cilium-2025-23028"},{"ecosystem":"Bitnami","fixed":["1.16.5"],"introduced":["1.15.4"],"last_affected":[],"package":"cilium-operator","purl":"pkg:bitnami/cilium-operator","source":"BIT-cilium-operator-2025-23028"},{"ecosystem":"Bitnami","fixed":["1.16.5"],"introduced":["1.14.0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"hubble-relay","purl":"pkg:bitnami/hubble-relay","source":"BIT-hubble-relay-2025-23028"},{"ecosystem":"Go","fixed":["1.14.18","1.15.12","1.16.5"],"introduced":["1.14.0","1.15.0","1.16.0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"github.com/cilium/cilium","purl":"pkg:golang/github.com/cilium/cilium","source":"GO-2025-3415"},{"ecosystem":"Go","fixed":["1.14.18"],"introduced":["1.14.0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"github.com/cilium/cilium","purl":null,"source":"GHSA-9m5p-c77c-f9j7"},{"ecosystem":"Go","fixed":["1.14.18"],"introduced":["1.14.0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"github.com/cilium/cilium","purl":"pkg:golang/github.com/cilium/cilium","source":"GHSA-9m5p-c77c-f9j7"},{"ecosystem":"Go","fixed":["1.15.12"],"introduced":["1.15.0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"github.com/cilium/cilium","purl":null,"source":"GHSA-9m5p-c77c-f9j7"},{"ecosystem":"Go","fixed":["1.15.12"],"introduced":["1.15.0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"github.com/cilium/cilium","purl":"pkg:golang/github.com/cilium/cilium","source":"GHSA-9m5p-c77c-f9j7"},{"ecosystem":"Go","fixed":["1.16.5"],"introduced":["1.16.0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"github.com/cilium/cilium","purl":null,"source":"GHSA-9m5p-c77c-f9j7"},{"ecosystem":"Go","fixed":["1.16.5"],"introduced":["1.16.0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"github.com/cilium/cilium","purl":"pkg:golang/github.com/cilium/cilium","source":"GHSA-9m5p-c77c-f9j7"}],"prev":{"headline":"BASEHUB_TOKEN commited in next-forge","id":"CVE-2025-23027"},"products":["cilium"],"published":"2025-01-22","related":[{"cvss_score":9.2,"headline":"Cilium: Sensitive information disclosure and cluster disruption via local Envoy admin socket access","id":"CVE-2026-49445","kev_date_added":null,"published":"2026-07-15"},{"cvss_score":8.8,"headline":"Incorrect Default Permissions in Cilium","id":"CVE-2022-29178","kev_date_added":null,"published":"2022-05-20"},{"cvss_score":8,"headline":"Insecure IPsec transport encryption in Cilium","id":"CVE-2024-28860","kev_date_added":null,"published":"2024-03-27"},{"cvss_score":7.9,"headline":"Cillium exposes sensitive information included in the cilium-bugtool debug archive","id":"CVE-2026-41520","kev_date_added":null,"published":"2026-05-08"},{"cvss_score":7.9,"headline":"Cilium leaks sensitive information in cilium-bugtool","id":"CVE-2024-37307","kev_date_added":null,"published":"2024-06-13"},{"cvss_score":7.6,"headline":"Cilium NetworkPolicy bypass via pod labels","id":"CVE-2023-39347","kev_date_added":null,"published":"2023-09-26"},{"cvss_score":7.5,"headline":"Improper Privilege Management in Cilium","id":"CVE-2022-29179","kev_date_added":null,"published":"2022-05-20"}],"sources":[{"class":"attribution","licence":"Apache-2.0","name":"Bitnami","prefix":"BIT"},{"class":"attribution","licence":"CVE Terms of Use (MITRE)","name":"CVE List","prefix":"CVE"},{"class":"attribution","licence":"CC BY 4.0","name":"GitHub Advisory Database","prefix":"GHSA"},{"class":"attribution","licence":"CC BY 4.0","name":"Go Vulnerability Database","prefix":"GO"},{"class":"attribution","licence":"US public information, NVD API terms","name":"NVD"},{"class":"attribution","licence":"CWE Terms of Use","name":"CWE (MITRE)"},{"class":"attribution","licence":"FIRST CVSS licence","name":"CVSS (FIRST)"}],"ssvc":{"automatable":"yes","exploitation":"none","technical_impact":"partial"},"state":"PUBLISHED","updated":"2025-02-18","vendors":["cilium"]},"summary":"An attacker can crash Cilium agents by sending crafted DNS responses, disrupting DNS-based policies in Kubernetes clusters using DNS proxying.","url":"https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2025-23028/"}