CVE-2025-23130 f2fs: fix to avoid panic once fallocation fails for pinfile
A local attacker can trigger a kernel panic in the f2fs filesystem by causing concurrent pinfile allocations to exhaust free sections, resulting in a denial of service.
- Exploited in the wild
- Not known
- Login needed
- Any signed-in user
- Attackable
- Local or same network only
- Victim action needed
- Not needed
- Fix
- Available
What is CVE-2025-23130?
CVE-2025-23130 is a medium-severity denial of service vulnerability in Linux kernel, published on 16 Apr 2025. It can only be exploited from the same machine or local network, with no action from the victim.
Official description
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
f2fs: fix to avoid panic once fallocation fails for pinfile
syzbot reports a f2fs bug as below:
------------[ cut here ]------------ kernel BUG at fs/f2fs/segment.c:2746! CPU: 0 UID: 0 PID: 5323 Comm: syz.0.0 Not tainted 6.13.0-rc2-syzkaller-00018-g7cb1b4663150 #0 RIP: 0010:get_new_segment fs/f2fs/segment.c:2746 [inline] RIP: 0010:new_curseg+0x1f52/0x1f70 fs/f2fs/segment.c:2876 Call Trace: <TASK> __allocate_new_segment+0x1ce/0x940 fs/f2fs/segment.c:3210 f2fs_allocate_new_section fs/f2fs/segment.c:3224 [inline] f2fs_allocate_pinning_section+0xfa/0x4e0 fs/f2fs/segment.c:3238 f2fs_expand_inode_data+0x696/0xca0 fs/f2fs/file.c:1830 f2fs_fallocate+0x537/0xa10 fs/f2fs/file.c:1940 vfs_fallocate+0x569/0x6e0 fs/open.c:327 do_vfs_ioctl+0x258c/0x2e40 fs/ioctl.c:885 __do_sys_ioctl fs/ioctl.c:904 [inline] __se_sys_ioctl+0x80/0x170 fs/ioctl.c:892 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/common.c:52 [inline] do_syscall_64+0xf3/0x230 arch/x86/entry/common.c:83 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f
Concurrent pinfile allocation may run out of free section, result in panic in get_new_segment(), let's expand pin_sem lock coverage to include f2fs_gc(), so that we can make sure to reclaim enough free space for following allocation.
In addition, do below changes to enhance error path handling: - call f2fs_bug_on() only in non-pinfile allocation path in get_new_segment(). - call reset_curseg_fields() to reset all fields of curseg in new_curseg()
Which versions are affected by CVE-2025-23130?
It affects 1 product.
Products include Linux kernel.
How do I fix CVE-2025-23130?
Apply the vendor's patch.
Upgrade, then put limits on request size, rate and nesting depth so one client cannot exhaust the service. More about Denial of service.
Is CVE-2025-23130 being exploited?
There is no known exploitation of CVE-2025-23130 in the wild and no public exploit code.
Other vulnerabilities in Linux kernel
Sources
Also known as BELL-CVE-2025-23130, DEBIAN-CVE-2025-23130, GHSA-qj48-g5ch-7g59, ROOT-OS-DEBIAN-11-CVE-2025-23130, ROOT-OS-DEBIAN-12-CVE-2025-23130, ROOT-OS-DEBIAN-13-CVE-2025-23130 and 3 more.