# CVE-2025-24975: Firebird Non-Authorized Access to Encrypted Database Using Execute Statement on External

> Attackers can access encrypted databases without keys or cause server crashes due to improper connection pool verification in Firebird.

- **Severity:** High 7.1 (`CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:L`)
- **Exploited in the wild:** Not known
- **Login needed:** Any signed-in user
- **Attackable:** Over the internet
- **Victim action needed:** Not needed
- **Fix available:** Yes
- **Published:** 15 Aug 2025
- **Updated:** 20 Aug 2025
- **Also known as:** DEBIAN-CVE-2025-24975, GHSA-fx9r-rj68-7p69, UBUNTU-CVE-2025-24975

## What is CVE-2025-24975?

CVE-2025-24975 is a high-severity authentication bypass vulnerability in FirebirdSQL firebird, published on 15 Aug 2025. Any signed-in user can exploit it over the network, with no action from the victim.

### Official description

Firebird is a relational database. Prior to snapshot versions 4.0.6.3183, 5.0.2.1610, and 6.0.0.609, Firebird is vulnerable if ExtConnPoolSize is not set equal to 0. If connections stored in ExtConnPool are not verified for presence and suitability of the CryptCallback interface is used when created versus what is available could result in a segfault in the server process. Encrypted databases, accessed by execute statement on external, may be accessed later by an attachment missing a key to that database. In a case when execute statement are chained, segfault may happen. Additionally, the segfault may affect unencrypted databases. This issue has been patched in snapshot versions 4.0.6.3183, 5.0.2.1610, and 6.0.0.609 and point releases 4.0.6 and 5.0.2. A workaround for this issue involves setting ExtConnPoolSize equal to 0 in firebird.conf.

Weakness: CWE-754 (Improper Check for Unusual or Exceptional Conditions)

## Which versions are affected by CVE-2025-24975?

It affects 1 product.


Products: Firebirdsql Firebird.

## How do I fix CVE-2025-24975?

Apply the vendor's patch.

## Is CVE-2025-24975 being exploited?

There is no known exploitation of CVE-2025-24975 in the wild and no public exploit code.

## Other vulnerabilities in FirebirdSQL firebird

- [CVE-2026-40342](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2026-40342/): Firebird: Path Traversal + Arbitrary File Write Leads to Remote Code Execution (critical 10.0)
- [CVE-2008-0467](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2008-0467/): Memory corruption in n/a (critical 10.0)
- [CVE-2007-4992](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2007-4992/): Memory corruption in n/a (critical 10.0)
- [CVE-2007-5245](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2007-5245/): Memory corruption in n/a (critical 10.0)
- [CVE-2007-5246](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2007-5246/): Memory corruption in n/a (critical 10.0)

## Fix prompt for AI coding agents

```text
Check this codebase for CVE-2025-24975 and fix it if it is affected.

What it is: CVE-2025-24975 is a high-severity authentication bypass vulnerability in FirebirdSQL firebird, published on 15 Aug 2025. Any signed-in user can exploit it over the network, with no action from the victim.
Exploitation: There is no known exploitation of CVE-2025-24975 in the wild and no public exploit code.

Affected product: FirebirdSQL firebird. No package-level version data is available, so check the vendor advisory linked from the reference page.

Task:
1. Search the dependency manifests and lockfiles (for example package.json, package-lock.json, requirements.txt, poetry.lock, uv.lock, pom.xml, build.gradle, go.mod, Cargo.lock, Gemfile.lock) and any Dockerfiles for the affected packages, including transitive dependencies.
2. If an affected version is in use, upgrade it to the fixed version for its release line with the project's package manager, so the lockfile is regenerated. Prefer the smallest upgrade that fixes it.
3. If there is no fix, or the upgrade would break the build, do not guess: explain the risk and the safest workaround instead.
4. Run the tests and summarise what changed and why.
5. If nothing in the project is affected, say so and change nothing.

Reference: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2025-24975/ (Markdown: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2025-24975/index.md)
```

## Sources

- CVE record: https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-24975
- NVD: https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-24975
- OSV: https://osv.dev/vulnerability/CVE-2025-24975

---
From sbomify Insights: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2025-24975/
Summaries are generated and may contain mistakes; the official description above is the record.