{"answers":{"affected":"8 open source packages ship an affected version, including koa. It affects 1 product.","exploited":"There is no known exploitation of CVE-2025-25200 in the wild and no public exploit code.","fix":"Upgrade koa to a fixed version for your release line: 0.21.2, 1.7.1, 2.15.4 or 3.0.0-alpha.3.","what":"CVE-2025-25200 is a critical denial of service vulnerability in koajs koa, published on 12 Feb 2025. An attacker can exploit it over the internet without logging in, with no action from the victim."},"fix_prompt":"Check this codebase for CVE-2025-25200 and fix it if it is affected.\n\nWhat it is: CVE-2025-25200 is a critical denial of service vulnerability in koajs koa, published on 12 Feb 2025. An attacker can exploit it over the internet without logging in, with no action from the victim.\nExploitation: There is no known exploitation of CVE-2025-25200 in the wild and no public exploit code.\n\nAffected packages and fixed versions:\n- koa (npm): affected all versions; fixed in 0.21.2\n- koa (npm): affected all versions; fixed in 0.21.2\n- koa (npm): affected from 1.0.0; fixed in 1.7.1\n- koa (npm): affected from 1.0.0; fixed in 1.7.1\n- koa (npm): affected from 2.0.0; fixed in 2.15.4\n- koa (npm): affected from 2.0.0; fixed in 2.15.4\n- koa (npm): affected from 3.0.0-alpha.0; fixed in 3.0.0-alpha.3\n- koa (npm): affected from 3.0.0-alpha.0; fixed in 3.0.0-alpha.3\n\nTask:\n1. Search the dependency manifests and lockfiles (for example package.json, package-lock.json, requirements.txt, poetry.lock, uv.lock, pom.xml, build.gradle, go.mod, Cargo.lock, Gemfile.lock) and any Dockerfiles for the affected packages, including transitive dependencies.\n2. If an affected version is in use, upgrade it to the fixed version for its release line with the project's package manager, so the lockfile is regenerated. Prefer the smallest upgrade that fixes it.\n3. If there is no fix, or the upgrade would break the build, do not guess: explain the risk and the safest workaround instead.\n4. Run the tests and summarise what changed and why.\n5. If nothing in the project is affected, say so and change nothing.\n\nReference: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2025-25200/ (Markdown: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2025-25200/index.md)","id":"CVE-2025-25200","markdown":"https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2025-25200/index.md","name":"CVE-2025-25200","record":{"aliases":["GHSA-593f-38f6-jp5m","ROOT-APP-NPM-CVE-2025-25200"],"analysis":{"component_type":"library","fix_type":"upgrade","impacts":["denial_of_service"],"network_reachable":"yes","non_default_config":false,"product_category":"Node.js web framework","requires_auth":"none","summary":"Attackers can cause denial of service in Koa applications by sending malicious HTTP headers that trigger inefficient regular expression processing.","user_interaction":"not_required","vuln_class":"denial_of_service"},"analysis_generated_by":"qwen3.8-flash-next","assigner":"GitHub_M","cpe":[{"product":"koa","vendor":"koajs"}],"cvss":{"score":9.2,"severity":"critical","source":"cna","vector":"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:H","version":"4.0"},"cwes":[{"id":"CWE-1333","name":"Inefficient Regular Expression Complexity"}],"description":"Koa is expressive middleware for Node.js using ES2017 async functions. Prior to versions 0.21.2, 1.7.1, 2.15.4, and 3.0.0-alpha.3, Koa uses an evil regex to parse the `X-Forwarded-Proto` and `X-Forwarded-Host` HTTP headers. This can be exploited to carry out a Denial-of-Service attack. Versions 0.21.2, 1.7.1, 2.15.4, and 3.0.0-alpha.3 fix the issue.","ecosystems":["npm"],"exploits":{"exploitdb":0,"first_seen":"2026-03-22","github_poc":2,"max_poc_stars":0,"metasploit":0,"nuclei":0,"refs":[{"date":"2026-03-22T22:51:14Z","kind":"github_poc","ref":"https://github.com/dwictor0/PoC-CVE-2025-25200","stars":0,"title":"ReDoS explorando backtracking em regex, resultando em consumo excessivo de CPU e negação de serviço (DoS) em aplicações Node.js."},{"date":"2026-08-24T03:04:24Z","kind":"github_poc","ref":"https://github.com/gduma-phData/patch-CVE-2025-25200","stars":0,"title":"Patch: SQL injection in pg_dump (PostgreSQL)"}],"tier":"poc_unverified"},"has_fix":true,"headline":"Koa has Inefficient Regular Expression Complexity","id":"CVE-2025-25200","indexable":true,"kev":null,"kind":"cve","links":{"ecosystem":"npm","product":null,"products":[],"type":"denial_of_service","year":"2025"},"n_packages":8,"n_references":7,"next":{"headline":"Improper Validation of Admin Key in PIV Smartcard","id":"CVE-2025-25201"},"packages":[{"ecosystem":"npm","fixed":["0.21.2"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"koa","purl":null,"source":"GHSA-593f-38f6-jp5m"},{"ecosystem":"npm","fixed":["0.21.2"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"koa","purl":"pkg:npm/koa","source":"GHSA-593f-38f6-jp5m"},{"ecosystem":"npm","fixed":["1.7.1"],"introduced":["1.0.0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"koa","purl":null,"source":"GHSA-593f-38f6-jp5m"},{"ecosystem":"npm","fixed":["1.7.1"],"introduced":["1.0.0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"koa","purl":"pkg:npm/koa","source":"GHSA-593f-38f6-jp5m"},{"ecosystem":"npm","fixed":["2.15.4"],"introduced":["2.0.0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"koa","purl":null,"source":"GHSA-593f-38f6-jp5m"},{"ecosystem":"npm","fixed":["2.15.4"],"introduced":["2.0.0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"koa","purl":"pkg:npm/koa","source":"GHSA-593f-38f6-jp5m"},{"ecosystem":"npm","fixed":["3.0.0-alpha.3"],"introduced":["3.0.0-alpha.0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"koa","purl":null,"source":"GHSA-593f-38f6-jp5m"},{"ecosystem":"npm","fixed":["3.0.0-alpha.3"],"introduced":["3.0.0-alpha.0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"koa","purl":"pkg:npm/koa","source":"GHSA-593f-38f6-jp5m"}],"prev":{"headline":"BCryptGenerateSymmetricKey memory leak","id":"CVE-2025-25199"},"products":["koa"],"published":"2025-02-12","related":[{"cvss_score":7.5,"headline":"Koa has Host Header Injection via `ctx.hostname`","id":"CVE-2026-27959","kev_date_added":null,"published":"2026-02-26"},{"cvss_score":5.1,"headline":"KoaJS Koa HTTP Header response.js back redirect","id":"CVE-2025-8129","kev_date_added":null,"published":"2025-07-25"},{"cvss_score":5,"headline":"XSS at ctx.redirect() function in Koajs","id":"CVE-2025-32379","kev_date_added":null,"published":"2025-04-09"},{"cvss_score":4.3,"headline":"Koa Vulnerable to Open Redirect via Trailing Double-Slash (//) in back Redirect Logic","id":"CVE-2025-62595","kev_date_added":null,"published":"2025-10-21"}],"sources":[{"class":"attribution","licence":"CVE Terms of Use (MITRE)","name":"CVE List","prefix":"CVE"},{"class":"attribution","licence":"CC BY 4.0","name":"GitHub Advisory Database","prefix":"GHSA"},{"class":"attribution","licence":"US public information, NVD API terms","name":"NVD"},{"class":"attribution","licence":"CWE Terms of Use","name":"CWE (MITRE)"},{"class":"attribution","licence":"FIRST CVSS licence","name":"CVSS (FIRST)"},{"class":"open","licence":"CC0","name":"PoC-in-GitHub"}],"ssvc":{"automatable":"no","exploitation":"none","technical_impact":"partial"},"state":"PUBLISHED","updated":"2025-02-12","vendors":["koajs"]},"summary":"Attackers can cause denial of service in Koa applications by sending malicious HTTP headers that trigger inefficient regular expression processing.","url":"https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2025-25200/"}