# CVE-2025-25249: Fortinet Multiple Products Heap-based Buffer Overflow

> Attackers can execute unauthorized code or commands on Fortinet FortiOS and FortiSwitchManager devices by sending specially crafted packets.

- **Severity:** High 7.4 (`CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H/E:P/RL:W/RC:C`)
- **Exploited in the wild:** Yes, since 9 Sep 2026 (CISA KEV)
- **Login needed:** Not needed
- **Attackable:** Over the internet
- **Victim action needed:** Not needed
- **Fix available:** No
- **Published:** 13 Jan 2026
- **Updated:** 15 Oct 2026
- **Also known as:** GHSA-mj8x-m8f5-x4w8

## What is CVE-2025-25249?

CVE-2025-25249 is a high-severity memory corruption vulnerability in Fortinet Fortios, published on 13 Jan 2026. An attacker can exploit it over the internet without logging in, with no action from the victim.

### Official description

A heap-based buffer overflow vulnerability in Fortinet FortiOS 7.6.0 through 7.6.3, FortiOS 7.4.0 through 7.4.8, FortiOS 7.2.0 through 7.2.11, FortiOS 7.0.0 through 7.0.17, FortiOS 6.4 all versions, FortiSwitchManager 7.2.0 through 7.2.6, FortiSwitchManager 7.0.0 through 7.0.5 allows attacker to execute unauthorized code or commands via specially crafted packets

Weakness: CWE-787 (Out-of-bounds Write), CWE-122 (Heap-based Buffer Overflow)

## Which versions are affected by CVE-2025-25249?

It affects 4 products.


Products: Fortinet Fortios, Fortinet Fortisase, Fortinet Fortiswitchmanager, Siemens Ruggedcom Ape1808 Firmware.

## How do I fix CVE-2025-25249?

No fix has been published for CVE-2025-25249 yet. Limit exposure of the affected software until one is available. US federal agencies must fix it by 12 Sep 2026.

## Is CVE-2025-25249 being exploited?

Yes. Attackers have exploited CVE-2025-25249 in the wild since at least 9 Sep 2026.

## Other vulnerabilities in Fortinet Fortios

- [CVE-2024-23113](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2024-23113/): Fortinet Multiple Products Format String (critical 9.8, exploited in the wild)
- [CVE-2022-40684](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2022-40684/): Fortinet Multiple Products Authentication Bypass (critical 9.8, exploited in the wild)
- [CVE-2024-55591](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2024-55591/): Fortinet FortiOS and FortiProxy Authentication Bypass (critical 9.6, exploited in the wild)
- [CVE-2024-21762](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2024-21762/): Fortinet FortiOS Out-of-Bound Write (critical 9.6, exploited in the wild)
- [CVE-2022-42475](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2022-42475/): Fortinet FortiOS Heap-Based Buffer Overflow (critical 9.3, exploited in the wild)

## Fix prompt for AI coding agents

```text
Check this codebase for CVE-2025-25249 and fix it if it is affected.

What it is: CVE-2025-25249 is a high-severity memory corruption vulnerability in Fortinet Fortios, published on 13 Jan 2026. An attacker can exploit it over the internet without logging in, with no action from the victim.
Exploitation: Yes. Attackers have exploited CVE-2025-25249 in the wild since at least 9 Sep 2026.

Affected product: Fortinet Fortios. No package-level version data is available, so check the vendor advisory linked from the reference page.

Task:
1. Search the dependency manifests and lockfiles (for example package.json, package-lock.json, requirements.txt, poetry.lock, uv.lock, pom.xml, build.gradle, go.mod, Cargo.lock, Gemfile.lock) and any Dockerfiles for the affected packages, including transitive dependencies.
2. If an affected version is in use, upgrade it to the fixed version for its release line with the project's package manager, so the lockfile is regenerated. Prefer the smallest upgrade that fixes it.
3. If there is no fix, or the upgrade would break the build, do not guess: explain the risk and the safest workaround instead.
4. Run the tests and summarise what changed and why.
5. If nothing in the project is affected, say so and change nothing.

Reference: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2025-25249/ (Markdown: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2025-25249/index.md)
```

## Sources

- CVE record: https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-25249
- NVD: https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-25249
- OSV: https://osv.dev/vulnerability/CVE-2025-25249

---
From sbomify Insights: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2025-25249/
Summaries are generated and may contain mistakes; the official description above is the record.