# CVE-2025-25579: Command injection in n/a

> Attackers can execute arbitrary commands on TOTOLINK A3002R routers via the bandstr parameter in the boa web server.

- **Severity:** Critical 9.8 (`CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H`)
- **Exploited in the wild:** Not known
- **Login needed:** Not needed
- **Attackable:** Over the internet
- **Victim action needed:** Not needed
- **Fix available:** No
- **Published:** 28 Mar 2025
- **Updated:** 31 Mar 2025
- **Also known as:** GHSA-gc26-wqwp-qr8c

## What is CVE-2025-25579?

CVE-2025-25579 is a critical command injection vulnerability in Totolink A3002r Firmware, published on 28 Mar 2025. An attacker can exploit it over the internet without logging in, with no action from the victim.

### Official description

TOTOLINK A3002R V4.0.0-B20230531.1404 is vulnerable to Command Injection in /bin/boa via bandstr.

Weakness: CWE-78 (Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command)

## Which versions are affected by CVE-2025-25579?

It affects 1 product.


Products: Totolink A3002r Firmware.

## How do I fix CVE-2025-25579?

No fix has been published for CVE-2025-25579 yet. Limit exposure of the affected software until one is available.

## Is CVE-2025-25579 being exploited?

It is not confirmed as exploited in the wild, but public exploit code for CVE-2025-25579 exists.

## Other vulnerabilities in Totolink A3002r Firmware

- [CVE-2025-55591](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2025-55591/): Command injection in n/a (critical 9.8)
- [CVE-2025-45858](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2025-45858/): Command injection in n/a (critical 9.8)
- [CVE-2025-45861](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2025-45861/): Memory corruption in n/a (critical 9.8)
- [CVE-2025-45863](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2025-45863/): Memory corruption in n/a (critical 9.8)
- [CVE-2025-45865](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2025-45865/): Memory corruption in n/a (critical 9.8)

## Fix prompt for AI coding agents

```text
Check this codebase for CVE-2025-25579 and fix it if it is affected.

What it is: CVE-2025-25579 is a critical command injection vulnerability in Totolink A3002r Firmware, published on 28 Mar 2025. An attacker can exploit it over the internet without logging in, with no action from the victim.
Exploitation: It is not confirmed as exploited in the wild, but public exploit code for CVE-2025-25579 exists.

Affected product: Totolink A3002r Firmware. No package-level version data is available, so check the vendor advisory linked from the reference page.

Task:
1. Search the dependency manifests and lockfiles (for example package.json, package-lock.json, requirements.txt, poetry.lock, uv.lock, pom.xml, build.gradle, go.mod, Cargo.lock, Gemfile.lock) and any Dockerfiles for the affected packages, including transitive dependencies.
2. If an affected version is in use, upgrade it to the fixed version for its release line with the project's package manager, so the lockfile is regenerated. Prefer the smallest upgrade that fixes it.
3. If there is no fix, or the upgrade would break the build, do not guess: explain the risk and the safest workaround instead.
4. Run the tests and summarise what changed and why.
5. If nothing in the project is affected, say so and change nothing.

Reference: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2025-25579/ (Markdown: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2025-25579/index.md)
```

## Sources

- CVE record: https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-25579
- NVD: https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-25579
- OSV: https://osv.dev/vulnerability/CVE-2025-25579

---
From sbomify Insights: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2025-25579/
Summaries are generated and may contain mistakes; the official description above is the record.