{"answers":{"affected":"10 open source packages ship an affected version, including github.com/go-jose/go-jose, github.com/go-jose/go-jose/v3 and github.com/go-jose/go-jose/v4.","exploited":"There is no known exploitation of CVE-2025-27144 in the wild and no public exploit code.","fix":"Upgrade github.com/go-jose/go-jose to 3.0.4 or later.","what":"CVE-2025-27144 is a medium-severity denial of service vulnerability in go-jose, published on 24 Feb 2025. An attacker can exploit it over the internet without logging in, with no action from the victim."},"fix_prompt":"Check this codebase for CVE-2025-27144 and fix it if it is affected.\n\nWhat it is: CVE-2025-27144 is a medium-severity denial of service vulnerability in go-jose, published on 24 Feb 2025. An attacker can exploit it over the internet without logging in, with no action from the victim.\nExploitation: There is no known exploitation of CVE-2025-27144 in the wild and no public exploit code.\n\nAffected packages and fixed versions:\n- github.com/go-jose/go-jose (Go): affected all versions; no fix listed\n- github.com/go-jose/go-jose (Go): affected all versions; fixed in 3.0.4\n- github.com/go-jose/go-jose (Go): affected all versions; fixed in 3.0.4\n- github.com/go-jose/go-jose/v3 (Go): affected all versions; fixed in 3.0.4\n- github.com/go-jose/go-jose/v3 (Go): affected all versions; fixed in 3.0.4\n- github.com/go-jose/go-jose/v3 (Go): affected all versions; fixed in 3.0.4\n- github.com/go-jose/go-jose/v4 (Go): affected all versions; fixed in 4.0.5\n- github.com/go-jose/go-jose/v4 (Go): affected all versions; fixed in 4.0.5\n- github.com/go-jose/go-jose/v4 (Go): affected all versions; fixed in 4.0.5\n- github.com/square/go-jose (Go): affected all versions; no fix listed\n\nTask:\n1. Search the dependency manifests and lockfiles (for example package.json, package-lock.json, requirements.txt, poetry.lock, uv.lock, pom.xml, build.gradle, go.mod, Cargo.lock, Gemfile.lock) and any Dockerfiles for the affected packages, including transitive dependencies.\n2. If an affected version is in use, upgrade it to the fixed version for its release line with the project's package manager, so the lockfile is regenerated. Prefer the smallest upgrade that fixes it.\n3. If there is no fix, or the upgrade would break the build, do not guess: explain the risk and the safest workaround instead.\n4. Run the tests and summarise what changed and why.\n5. If nothing in the project is affected, say so and change nothing.\n\nReference: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2025-27144/ (Markdown: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2025-27144/index.md)","id":"CVE-2025-27144","markdown":"https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2025-27144/index.md","name":"CVE-2025-27144","record":{"aliases":["ALSA-2025:19566","ALSA-2025:7389","ALSA-2025:7397","ALSA-2025:7459","ALSA-2025:7467","AZL-57096","AZL-57099","AZL-57102","AZL-57105","AZL-57108","AZL-57111","AZL-57114","AZL-57117","AZL-57120","AZL-57123","AZL-57126","AZL-57129","AZL-57132","AZL-57135","AZL-57138","AZL-57144","AZL-57147","AZL-57153","AZL-57162","AZL-57165","AZL-57168","AZL-57171","AZL-57174","AZL-57177","AZL-57180","AZL-57183","AZL-57186","AZL-57192","AZL-57195","AZL-57198","AZL-57201","AZL-57204","AZL-57207","CLEANSTART-2026-EM35867","CLEANSTART-2026-WB96914","CLSA-2025-1752088672","CLSA-2025-1764152728","CLSA-2025-1766596893","CLSA-2026-1791280549","DEBIAN-CVE-2025-27144","GHSA-c6gw-w398-hv78","GO-2025-3485","MINI-26c5-x6cc-96cr","MINI-354x-mgr3-8wgj","MINI-386p-7h86-69j3","MINI-3hpv-hg4h-xhcm","MINI-434j-cwcr-j6fj","MINI-4cjg-fx72-fh6j","MINI-56qp-4hrm-g2cg","MINI-5875-j95q-vcjg","MINI-5c26-v7h4-6649","MINI-5p57-3xjx-7q3q","MINI-5r4p-j7cm-756g","MINI-6hjq-rxv2-8pvj","MINI-6x99-gpr8-7q55","MINI-96j5-m6vp-q457","MINI-98f4-8fh4-xx5q","MINI-c2r8-8347-5c8j","MINI-cch2-7gp7-pqj7","MINI-cw65-mxmp-c5hp","MINI-f89w-qf6g-mv52","MINI-fg3j-j78x-3grr","MINI-fjph-7vr4-rgx6","MINI-g2m8-q9rc-2r74","MINI-hjp8-w4pp-3qhr","MINI-mfc3-66w7-jf8v","MINI-mh9m-6r7r-45jj","MINI-mjmf-3gx2-35w5","MINI-p77v-j94p-hxx6","MINI-p95r-24gv-vr57","MINI-pcwh-p4cq-cgvr","MINI-pxfv-v4hx-vjqj","MINI-qm94-xv9v-mjv5","MINI-qpmf-f5wc-f7fx","MINI-qr9w-w3j5-648x","MINI-qvf6-6r95-v5cg","MINI-rfh7-9mr8-phxf","MINI-rvhc-r8p7-h9fv","MINI-vrh9-j9c8-x7hm","MINI-w4wm-6w2x-qf9w","MINI-w77v-w77j-v6q4","MINI-w9h4-hvm6-xww9","MINI-wjpm-j337-hxpq","MINI-x9cq-mc23-vqqw","MINI-xc7f-vrxx-344q","MINI-xvj6-qf8r-mvm5","OESA-2025-2176","OESA-2025-2177","RHSA-2025:19566","RHSA-2025:19594","RHSA-2025:3061","RHSA-2025:3068","RHSA-2025:7389","RHSA-2025:7397","RHSA-2025:7459","RHSA-2025:7467","RLSA-2025:7389","RLSA-2025:7397","RLSA-2025:7459","RLSA-2025:7467","SUSE-SU-2025:0772-1","SUSE-SU-2025:0785-1","SUSE-SU-2025:0786-1","SUSE-SU-2025:0811-1","SUSE-SU-2025:0812-1","SUSE-SU-2025:1009-1","SUSE-SU-2025:1010-1","SUSE-SU-2025:1011-1","UBUNTU-CVE-2025-27144","openSUSE-SU-2025:0080-1","openSUSE-SU-2025:14865-1","openSUSE-SU-2025:14871-1","openSUSE-SU-2025:15158-1"],"analysis":{"component_type":"library","fix_type":"upgrade","impacts":["denial_of_service"],"network_reachable":"yes","non_default_config":false,"product_category":"Go JOSE library","requires_auth":"none","summary":"An attacker can cause memory exhaustion and denial of service by sending maliciously crafted JWT tokens with excessive delimiters to applications using the Go JOSE library.","user_interaction":"not_required","vuln_class":"denial_of_service"},"analysis_generated_by":"qwen3.8-flash-next","assigner":"GitHub_M","cpe":[],"cvss":{"score":6.6,"severity":"medium","source":"cna","vector":"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:U","version":"4.0"},"cwes":[{"id":"CWE-770","name":"Allocation of Resources Without Limits or Throttling"}],"description":"Go JOSE provides an implementation of the Javascript Object Signing and Encryption set of standards in Go, including support for JSON Web Encryption (JWE), JSON Web Signature (JWS), and JSON Web Token (JWT) standards. In versions on the 4.x branch prior to version 4.0.5, when parsing compact JWS or JWE input, Go JOSE could use excessive memory. The code used strings.Split(token, \".\") to split JWT tokens, which is vulnerable to excessive memory consumption when processing maliciously crafted tokens with a large number of `.` characters.  An attacker could exploit this by sending numerous malformed tokens, leading to memory exhaustion and a Denial of Service. Version 4.0.5 fixes this issue. As a workaround, applications could pre-validate that payloads passed to Go JOSE do not contain an excessive number of `.` characters.","ecosystems":["AlmaLinux:10","AlmaLinux:9","Go","Red Hat:enterprise_linux:10.0","Red Hat:enterprise_linux:9::appstream","Red Hat:openshift:4.17::el8","Red Hat:openshift:4.17::el9","Red Hat:openshift:4.18::el9","Rocky Linux:10","Rocky Linux:9","SUSE:Enterprise Storage 7.1","SUSE:Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP3-LTSS","SUSE:Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP4-ESPOS","SUSE:Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP4-LTSS","SUSE:Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP5-ESPOS","SUSE:Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP5-LTSS","SUSE:Linux Enterprise Micro 5.3","SUSE:Linux Enterprise Micro 5.4","SUSE:Linux Enterprise Micro 5.5","SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Basesystem 15 SP6","SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Containers 15 SP6","SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Package Hub 15 SP6","SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server 15 SP3-LTSS","SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server 15 SP4-LTSS","SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server 15 SP5-LTSS","SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server for SAP Applications 15 SP3","SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server for SAP Applications 15 SP4","SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server for SAP Applications 15 SP5","SUSE:Manager Client Tools 12","SUSE:Manager Client Tools 15","SUSE:Manager Proxy 4.3","SUSE:Manager Server 4.3","SUSE:Package Hub 15 SP6","openSUSE:Leap 15.6","openSUSE:Tumbleweed"],"exploits":{"exploitdb":0,"first_seen":null,"github_poc":0,"max_poc_stars":null,"metasploit":0,"nuclei":0,"refs":[],"tier":"none_known"},"has_fix":true,"headline":"Go JOSE's Parsing Vulnerable to Denial of Service","id":"CVE-2025-27144","indexable":true,"kev":null,"kind":"cve","links":{"ecosystem":"Go","product":null,"products":[],"type":"denial_of_service","year":"2025"},"n_packages":148,"n_references":3,"next":{"headline":"copyparty renders unsanitized filenames as HTML when user uploads empty files","id":"CVE-2025-27145"},"packages":[{"ecosystem":"Go","fixed":[],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"github.com/go-jose/go-jose","purl":"pkg:golang/github.com/go-jose/go-jose","source":"GO-2025-3485"},{"ecosystem":"Go","fixed":["3.0.4"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"github.com/go-jose/go-jose","purl":null,"source":"GHSA-c6gw-w398-hv78"},{"ecosystem":"Go","fixed":["3.0.4"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"github.com/go-jose/go-jose","purl":"pkg:golang/github.com/go-jose/go-jose","source":"GHSA-c6gw-w398-hv78"},{"ecosystem":"Go","fixed":["3.0.4"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"github.com/go-jose/go-jose/v3","purl":null,"source":"GHSA-c6gw-w398-hv78"},{"ecosystem":"Go","fixed":["3.0.4"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"github.com/go-jose/go-jose/v3","purl":"pkg:golang/github.com/go-jose/go-jose/v3","source":"GHSA-c6gw-w398-hv78"},{"ecosystem":"Go","fixed":["3.0.4"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"github.com/go-jose/go-jose/v3","purl":"pkg:golang/github.com/go-jose/go-jose/v3","source":"GO-2025-3485"},{"ecosystem":"Go","fixed":["4.0.5"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"github.com/go-jose/go-jose/v4","purl":null,"source":"GHSA-c6gw-w398-hv78"},{"ecosystem":"Go","fixed":["4.0.5"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"github.com/go-jose/go-jose/v4","purl":"pkg:golang/github.com/go-jose/go-jose/v4","source":"GHSA-c6gw-w398-hv78"},{"ecosystem":"Go","fixed":["4.0.5"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"github.com/go-jose/go-jose/v4","purl":"pkg:golang/github.com/go-jose/go-jose/v4","source":"GO-2025-3485"},{"ecosystem":"Go","fixed":[],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"github.com/square/go-jose","purl":"pkg:golang/github.com/square/go-jose","source":"GO-2025-3485"},{"ecosystem":"AlmaLinux:10","fixed":["2:1.39.4-1.el10_0"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"buildah","purl":"pkg:rpm/almalinux/buildah","source":"ALSA-2025:7459"},{"ecosystem":"AlmaLinux:10","fixed":["2:1.39.4-1.el10_0"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"buildah-tests","purl":"pkg:rpm/almalinux/buildah-tests","source":"ALSA-2025:7459"},{"ecosystem":"AlmaLinux:10","fixed":["134.1-3.el10_0.alma.1"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"osbuild-composer","purl":"pkg:rpm/almalinux/osbuild-composer","source":"ALSA-2025:19566"},{"ecosystem":"AlmaLinux:10","fixed":["134.1-3.el10_0.alma.1"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"osbuild-composer-core","purl":"pkg:rpm/almalinux/osbuild-composer-core","source":"ALSA-2025:19566"},{"ecosystem":"AlmaLinux:10","fixed":["134.1-3.el10_0.alma.1"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"osbuild-composer-worker","purl":"pkg:rpm/almalinux/osbuild-composer-worker","source":"ALSA-2025:19566"},{"ecosystem":"AlmaLinux:10","fixed":["2:1.18.1-1.el10_0"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"skopeo","purl":"pkg:rpm/almalinux/skopeo","source":"ALSA-2025:7467"},{"ecosystem":"AlmaLinux:10","fixed":["2:1.18.1-1.el10_0"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"skopeo-tests","purl":"pkg:rpm/almalinux/skopeo-tests","source":"ALSA-2025:7467"},{"ecosystem":"AlmaLinux:9","fixed":["2:1.39.4-1.el9_6"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"buildah","purl":"pkg:rpm/almalinux/buildah","source":"ALSA-2025:7389"},{"ecosystem":"AlmaLinux:9","fixed":["2:1.39.4-1.el9_6"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"buildah-tests","purl":"pkg:rpm/almalinux/buildah-tests","source":"ALSA-2025:7389"},{"ecosystem":"AlmaLinux:9","fixed":["2:1.18.1-1.el9_6"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"skopeo","purl":"pkg:rpm/almalinux/skopeo","source":"ALSA-2025:7397"},{"ecosystem":"AlmaLinux:9","fixed":["2:1.18.1-1.el9_6"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"skopeo-tests","purl":"pkg:rpm/almalinux/skopeo-tests","source":"ALSA-2025:7397"},{"ecosystem":"Red Hat:enterprise_linux:10.0","fixed":["2:1.39.4-1.el10_0"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"buildah","purl":"pkg:rpm/redhat/buildah","source":"RHSA-2025:7459"},{"ecosystem":"Red Hat:enterprise_linux:10.0","fixed":["2:1.39.4-1.el10_0"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"buildah-debuginfo","purl":"pkg:rpm/redhat/buildah-debuginfo","source":"RHSA-2025:7459"},{"ecosystem":"Red Hat:enterprise_linux:10.0","fixed":["2:1.39.4-1.el10_0"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"buildah-debugsource","purl":"pkg:rpm/redhat/buildah-debugsource","source":"RHSA-2025:7459"},{"ecosystem":"Red Hat:enterprise_linux:10.0","fixed":["2:1.39.4-1.el10_0"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"buildah-tests","purl":"pkg:rpm/redhat/buildah-tests","source":"RHSA-2025:7459"},{"ecosystem":"Red Hat:enterprise_linux:10.0","fixed":["2:1.39.4-1.el10_0"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"buildah-tests-debuginfo","purl":"pkg:rpm/redhat/buildah-tests-debuginfo","source":"RHSA-2025:7459"},{"ecosystem":"Red Hat:enterprise_linux:10.0","fixed":["0:134.1-3.el10_0"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"osbuild-composer","purl":"pkg:rpm/redhat/osbuild-composer","source":"RHSA-2025:19566"},{"ecosystem":"Red Hat:enterprise_linux:10.0","fixed":["0:134.1-3.el10_0"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"osbuild-composer-core","purl":"pkg:rpm/redhat/osbuild-composer-core","source":"RHSA-2025:19566"},{"ecosystem":"Red Hat:enterprise_linux:10.0","fixed":["0:134.1-3.el10_0"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"osbuild-composer-core-debuginfo","purl":"pkg:rpm/redhat/osbuild-composer-core-debuginfo","source":"RHSA-2025:19566"},{"ecosystem":"Red Hat:enterprise_linux:10.0","fixed":["0:134.1-3.el10_0"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"osbuild-composer-debugsource","purl":"pkg:rpm/redhat/osbuild-composer-debugsource","source":"RHSA-2025:19566"},{"ecosystem":"Red Hat:enterprise_linux:10.0","fixed":["0:134.1-3.el10_0"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"osbuild-composer-tests-debuginfo","purl":"pkg:rpm/redhat/osbuild-composer-tests-debuginfo","source":"RHSA-2025:19566"},{"ecosystem":"Red Hat:enterprise_linux:10.0","fixed":["0:134.1-3.el10_0"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"osbuild-composer-worker","purl":"pkg:rpm/redhat/osbuild-composer-worker","source":"RHSA-2025:19566"},{"ecosystem":"Red Hat:enterprise_linux:10.0","fixed":["0:134.1-3.el10_0"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"osbuild-composer-worker-debuginfo","purl":"pkg:rpm/redhat/osbuild-composer-worker-debuginfo","source":"RHSA-2025:19566"},{"ecosystem":"Red Hat:enterprise_linux:10.0","fixed":["2:1.18.1-1.el10_0"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"skopeo","purl":"pkg:rpm/redhat/skopeo","source":"RHSA-2025:7467"},{"ecosystem":"Red Hat:enterprise_linux:10.0","fixed":["2:1.18.1-1.el10_0"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"skopeo-debuginfo","purl":"pkg:rpm/redhat/skopeo-debuginfo","source":"RHSA-2025:7467"},{"ecosystem":"Red Hat:enterprise_linux:10.0","fixed":["2:1.18.1-1.el10_0"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"skopeo-debugsource","purl":"pkg:rpm/redhat/skopeo-debugsource","source":"RHSA-2025:7467"},{"ecosystem":"Red Hat:enterprise_linux:10.0","fixed":["2:1.18.1-1.el10_0"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"skopeo-tests","purl":"pkg:rpm/redhat/skopeo-tests","source":"RHSA-2025:7467"},{"ecosystem":"Red Hat:enterprise_linux:9::appstream","fixed":["2:1.39.4-1.el9_6"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"buildah","purl":"pkg:rpm/redhat/buildah","source":"RHSA-2025:7389"},{"ecosystem":"Red Hat:enterprise_linux:9::appstream","fixed":["2:1.39.4-1.el9_6"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"buildah-debuginfo","purl":"pkg:rpm/redhat/buildah-debuginfo","source":"RHSA-2025:7389"},{"ecosystem":"Red Hat:enterprise_linux:9::appstream","fixed":["2:1.39.4-1.el9_6"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"buildah-debugsource","purl":"pkg:rpm/redhat/buildah-debugsource","source":"RHSA-2025:7389"}],"prev":{"headline":"Beter Auth has an Open Redirect via Scheme-Less Callback Parameter","id":"CVE-2025-27143"},"products":["go-jose"],"published":"2025-02-24","related":[],"sources":[{"class":"attribution","licence":"MIT","name":"AlmaLinux","prefix":"ALSA"},{"class":"attribution","licence":"CVE Terms of Use (MITRE)","name":"CVE List","prefix":"CVE"},{"class":"attribution","licence":"CC BY 4.0","name":"GitHub Advisory Database","prefix":"GHSA"},{"class":"attribution","licence":"CC BY 4.0","name":"Go Vulnerability Database","prefix":"GO"},{"class":"attribution","licence":"CC BY 4.0","name":"Red Hat","prefix":"RHSA"},{"class":"attribution","licence":"CWE Terms of Use","name":"CWE (MITRE)"},{"class":"attribution","licence":"FIRST CVSS licence","name":"CVSS (FIRST)"}],"ssvc":{"automatable":"yes","exploitation":"none","technical_impact":"partial"},"state":"PUBLISHED","updated":"2025-02-25","vendors":["go-jose"]},"summary":"An attacker can cause memory exhaustion and denial of service by sending maliciously crafted JWT tokens with excessive delimiters to applications using the Go JOSE library.","url":"https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2025-27144/"}