{"answers":{"affected":"1 open source package ship an affected version, including openc3. It affects 1 product.","exploited":"It is not confirmed as exploited in the wild, but public exploit code for CVE-2025-28388 exists.","fix":"No fix has been published for CVE-2025-28388 yet. Limit exposure of the affected software until one is available.","what":"CVE-2025-28388 is a critical vulnerability in n/a, published on 13 Jun 2025. An attacker can exploit it over the internet without logging in, with no action from the victim."},"fix_prompt":"Check this codebase for CVE-2025-28388 and fix it if it is affected.\n\nWhat it is: CVE-2025-28388 is a critical vulnerability in n/a, published on 13 Jun 2025. An attacker can exploit it over the internet without logging in, with no action from the victim.\nExploitation: It is not confirmed as exploited in the wild, but public exploit code for CVE-2025-28388 exists.\n\nAffected packages and fixed versions:\n- openc3 (PyPI): affected all versions up to 6.0.0; no fix listed\n\nTask:\n1. Search the dependency manifests and lockfiles (for example package.json, package-lock.json, requirements.txt, poetry.lock, uv.lock, pom.xml, build.gradle, go.mod, Cargo.lock, Gemfile.lock) and any Dockerfiles for the affected packages, including transitive dependencies.\n2. If an affected version is in use, upgrade it to the fixed version for its release line with the project's package manager, so the lockfile is regenerated. Prefer the smallest upgrade that fixes it.\n3. If there is no fix, or the upgrade would break the build, do not guess: explain the risk and the safest workaround instead.\n4. Run the tests and summarise what changed and why.\n5. If nothing in the project is affected, say so and change nothing.\n\nReference: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2025-28388/ (Markdown: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2025-28388/index.md)","id":"CVE-2025-28388","markdown":"https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2025-28388/index.md","name":"CVE-2025-28388","record":{"aliases":["GHSA-9c5p-pqv5-93v2","PYSEC-2025-258"],"analysis":{"component_type":"web_application","fix_type":"upgrade","impacts":["account_takeover","privilege_escalation"],"network_reachable":"yes","non_default_config":false,"product_category":"OpenC3 COSMOS","requires_auth":"none","summary":"Attackers can use hardcoded Service Account credentials to gain unauthorized access and escalate privileges in OpenC3 COSMOS.","user_interaction":"not_required","vuln_class":"hardcoded_credentials"},"analysis_generated_by":"qwen3.8-flash-next","assigner":"mitre","cpe":[{"product":"cosmos","vendor":"openc3"}],"cvss":{"score":9.8,"severity":"critical","source":"cisa-adp","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H","version":"3.1"},"cwes":[{"id":"CWE-798","name":"Use of Hard-coded Credentials"}],"description":"OpenC3 COSMOS before v6.0.2 was discovered to contain hardcoded credentials for the Service Account.","ecosystems":["PyPI"],"exploits":{"exploitdb":0,"first_seen":null,"github_poc":0,"max_poc_stars":null,"metasploit":0,"nuclei":0,"refs":[],"tier":"weaponised"},"has_fix":false,"headline":"Hardcoded credentials in n/a","id":"CVE-2025-28388","indexable":true,"kev":null,"kind":"cve","links":{"ecosystem":"PyPI","product":null,"products":[],"type":"hardcoded_credentials","year":"2025"},"n_packages":1,"n_references":5,"next":{"headline":"Weak cryptography in n/a","id":"CVE-2025-28389"},"packages":[{"ecosystem":"PyPI","fixed":[],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":["6.0.0"],"package":"openc3","purl":"pkg:pypi/openc3","source":"PYSEC-2025-258"}],"prev":{"headline":"Code injection in n/a","id":"CVE-2025-28386"},"products":["n/a"],"published":"2025-06-13","related":[{"cvss_score":9.8,"headline":"Code injection in n/a","id":"CVE-2025-28386","kev_date_added":null,"published":"2025-06-13"},{"cvss_score":9.8,"headline":"Weak cryptography in n/a","id":"CVE-2025-28389","kev_date_added":null,"published":"2025-06-13"},{"cvss_score":9.6,"headline":"OpenC3 COSMOS: SQL Injection in QuestDB Time-Series Data Base","id":"CVE-2026-42087","kev_date_added":null,"published":"2026-05-04"},{"cvss_score":9.6,"headline":"OpenC3 COSMOS: Administrative Actions via the Script Runner Tool","id":"CVE-2026-42088","kev_date_added":null,"published":"2026-05-04"},{"cvss_score":9.1,"headline":"OpenC3 COSMOS Vulnerable to Directory Traversal via /script-api/scripts/ endpoint","id":"CVE-2025-28384","kev_date_added":null,"published":"2025-06-13"},{"cvss_score":8.1,"headline":"OpenC3 COSMOS: Hijacked session token can be used to reset password for persistence","id":"CVE-2026-42084","kev_date_added":null,"published":"2026-05-04"}],"sources":[{"class":"attribution","licence":"CVE Terms of Use (MITRE)","name":"CVE List","prefix":"CVE"},{"class":"attribution","licence":"CC BY 4.0","name":"PyPA Advisory Database","prefix":"PYSEC"},{"class":"attribution","licence":"US public information, NVD API terms","name":"NVD"},{"class":"attribution","licence":"CWE Terms of Use","name":"CWE (MITRE)"},{"class":"attribution","licence":"FIRST CVSS licence","name":"CVSS (FIRST)"}],"ssvc":{"automatable":"yes","exploitation":"poc","technical_impact":"total"},"state":"PUBLISHED","updated":"2025-10-27","vendors":["n/a"]},"summary":"Attackers can use hardcoded Service Account credentials to gain unauthorized access and escalate privileges in OpenC3 COSMOS.","url":"https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2025-28388/"}