CVE-2025-31123 Zitadel Expired JWT Keys Usable for Authorization Grants

High 8.7 Published 31 Mar 2025 Updated 31 Mar 2025

Attackers can use expired JWT keys to obtain valid access tokens, bypassing authentication controls in Zitadel identity infrastructure.

Exploited in the wild: Not known
Login needed: An administrator
Attackable: Over the internet
Victim action needed: Not needed
Fix: None listed

What is CVE-2025-31123?

CVE-2025-31123 is a high-severity authentication bypass vulnerability in zitadel, published on 31 Mar 2025. An attacker needs administrator access to exploit it, with no action from the victim.

Official description

Zitadel is open-source identity infrastructure software. A vulnerability existed where expired keys can be used to retrieve tokens. Specifically, ZITADEL fails to properly check the expiration date of the JWT key when used for Authorization Grants. This allows an attacker with an expired key to obtain valid access tokens. This vulnerability does not affect the use of JWT Profile for OAuth 2.0 Client Authentication on the Token and Introspection endpoints, which correctly reject expired keys. This vulnerability is fixed in 2.71.6, 2.70.8, 2.69.9, 2.68.9, 2.67.13, 2.66.16, 2.65.7, 2.64.6, and 2.63.9.

Weakness: CWE-324

Which versions are affected by CVE-2025-31123?

It affects 1 product.

Products include Zitadel Zitadel.

How do I fix CVE-2025-31123?

No fix has been published for CVE-2025-31123 yet. Limit exposure of the affected software until one is available.

Upgrade, and rotate credentials and sessions that may have been exposed. More about Authentication bypass.

Is CVE-2025-31123 being exploited?

There is no known exploitation of CVE-2025-31123 in the wild and no public exploit code.

Sources

Also known as GHSA-h3q7-347g-qwhf.