CVE-2025-32031 Apollo Gateway Query Planner Vulnerable to Excessive Resource Consumption via Optimization Bypass
Attackers can cause denial of service in Apollo Gateway by sending queries that bypass query planner optimizations, leading to excessive resource consumption.
- Exploited in the wild
- Not known
- Login needed
- Not needed
- Attackable
- Over the internet
- Victim action needed
- Not needed
- Fix
- Available
What is CVE-2025-32031?
CVE-2025-32031 is a high-severity denial of service vulnerability in apollographql federation, published on 7 Apr 2025. An attacker can exploit it over the internet without logging in, with no action from the victim.
Official description
Apollo Gateway provides utilities for combining multiple GraphQL microservices into a single GraphQL endpoint. Prior to 2.10.1, a vulnerability in Apollo Gateway allowed queries with deeply nested and reused named fragments to be prohibitively expensive to query plan, specifically due to internal optimizations being frequently bypassed. The query planner includes an optimization that significantly speeds up planning for applicable GraphQL selections. However, queries with deeply nested and reused named fragments can generate many selections where this optimization does not apply, leading to significantly longer planning times. Because the query planner does not enforce a timeout, a small number of such queries can render gateway inoperable. This could lead to excessive resource consumption and denial of service. This has been remediated in @apollo/gateway version 2.10.1.
Weakness: CWE-770
Which versions are affected by CVE-2025-32031?
2 open source packages ship an affected version, including @apollo/gateway. It affects 1 product.
| Package | Affected | Fixed in |
|---|---|---|
@apollo/gateway npm | All versions | 2.10.1 |
@apollo/gateway npm | All versions | 2.10.1 |
Products include Apollographql Apollo Gateway.
How do I fix CVE-2025-32031?
Upgrade @apollo/gateway to 2.10.1 or later.
Upgrade, then put limits on request size, rate and nesting depth so one client cannot exhaust the service. More about Denial of service.
Is CVE-2025-32031 being exploited?
There is no known exploitation of CVE-2025-32031 in the wild and no public exploit code.
Other vulnerabilities in apollographql federation
Sources
Also known as GHSA-p2q6-pwh5-m6jr, ROOT-APP-NPM-CVE-2025-32031.