{"answers":{"affected":"It affects 23 products.","exploited":"Yes. Attackers have exploited CVE-2025-32433 in the wild since at least 9 Jun 2025.","fix":"Upgrade to a fixed version. US federal agencies must fix it by 30 Jun 2025.","what":"CVE-2025-32433 is a critical authentication bypass vulnerability in Debian Debian Linux, published on 16 Apr 2025. An attacker can exploit it over the internet without logging in, with no action from the victim."},"fix_prompt":"Check this codebase for CVE-2025-32433 and fix it if it is affected.\n\nWhat it is: CVE-2025-32433 is a critical authentication bypass vulnerability in Debian Debian Linux, published on 16 Apr 2025. An attacker can exploit it over the internet without logging in, with no action from the victim.\nExploitation: Yes. Attackers have exploited CVE-2025-32433 in the wild since at least 9 Jun 2025.\n\nAffected product: Debian Debian Linux. No package-level version data is available, so check the vendor advisory linked from the reference page.\n\nTask:\n1. Search the dependency manifests and lockfiles (for example package.json, package-lock.json, requirements.txt, poetry.lock, uv.lock, pom.xml, build.gradle, go.mod, Cargo.lock, Gemfile.lock) and any Dockerfiles for the affected packages, including transitive dependencies.\n2. If an affected version is in use, upgrade it to the fixed version for its release line with the project's package manager, so the lockfile is regenerated. Prefer the smallest upgrade that fixes it.\n3. If there is no fix, or the upgrade would break the build, do not guess: explain the risk and the safest workaround instead.\n4. Run the tests and summarise what changed and why.\n5. If nothing in the project is affected, say so and change nothing.\n\nReference: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2025-32433/ (Markdown: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2025-32433/index.md)","id":"CVE-2025-32433","markdown":"https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2025-32433/index.md","name":"CVE-2025-32433","record":{"aliases":["AZL-60441","AZL-60583","CLEANSTART-2026-RU46507","DEBIAN-CVE-2025-32433","GHSA-37cp-fgq5-7wc2","OESA-2025-1461","SUSE-SU-2025:1357-1","UBUNTU-CVE-2025-32433","USN-7443-1","USN-7443-2","USN-7443-3"],"analysis":{"component_type":"library","fix_type":"upgrade","impacts":["code_execution","privilege_escalation"],"network_reachable":"yes","non_default_config":false,"product_category":"Erlang OTP SSH","requires_auth":"none","summary":"Attackers can execute arbitrary code remotely without authentication by exploiting a flaw in the Erlang/OTP SSH server's protocol handling.","user_interaction":"not_required","vuln_class":"auth_bypass"},"analysis_generated_by":"qwen3.8-flash-next","assigner":"GitHub_M","cpe":[{"product":"cloud_native_broadband_network_gateway","vendor":"cisco"},{"product":"confd_basic","vendor":"cisco"},{"product":"enterprise_nfv_infrastructure_software","vendor":"cisco"},{"product":"inode_manager","vendor":"cisco"},{"product":"ncs_2000_shelf_virtualization_orchestrator_firmware","vendor":"cisco"},{"product":"network_services_orchestrator","vendor":"cisco"},{"product":"optical_site_manager","vendor":"cisco"},{"product":"rv160_firmware","vendor":"cisco"},{"product":"rv160w_firmware","vendor":"cisco"},{"product":"rv260_firmware","vendor":"cisco"},{"product":"rv260p_firmware","vendor":"cisco"},{"product":"rv260w_firmware","vendor":"cisco"},{"product":"rv340_firmware","vendor":"cisco"},{"product":"rv340w_firmware","vendor":"cisco"},{"product":"rv345_firmware","vendor":"cisco"},{"product":"rv345p_firmware","vendor":"cisco"},{"product":"smart_phy","vendor":"cisco"},{"product":"staros","vendor":"cisco"},{"product":"ultra_cloud_core","vendor":"cisco"},{"product":"ultra_packet_core","vendor":"cisco"},{"product":"ultra_services_platform","vendor":"cisco"},{"product":"debian_linux","vendor":"debian"},{"product":"erlang\\/otp","vendor":"erlang"}],"cvss":{"score":10,"severity":"critical","source":"cna","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H","version":"3.1"},"cwes":[{"id":"CWE-306","name":"Missing Authentication for Critical Functionality"}],"description":"Erlang/OTP is a set of libraries for the Erlang programming language. Prior to versions OTP-27.3.3, OTP-26.2.5.11, and OTP-25.3.2.20, a SSH server may allow an attacker to perform unauthenticated remote code execution (RCE). By exploiting a flaw in SSH protocol message handling, a malicious actor could gain unauthorized access to affected systems and execute arbitrary commands without valid credentials. This issue is patched in versions OTP-27.3.3, OTP-26.2.5.11, and OTP-25.3.2.20. A temporary workaround involves disabling the SSH server or to prevent access via firewall rules.","ecosystems":["SUSE:Enterprise Storage 7.1","SUSE:Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP3-LTSS","SUSE:Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP4-ESPOS","SUSE:Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP4-LTSS","SUSE:Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP5-ESPOS","SUSE:Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP5-LTSS","SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Server Applications 15 SP6","SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server 15 SP3-LTSS","SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server 15 SP4-LTSS","SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server 15 SP5-LTSS","SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server for SAP Applications 15 SP3","SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server for SAP Applications 15 SP4","SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server for SAP Applications 15 SP5","SUSE:Manager Proxy 4.3","SUSE:Manager Server 4.3","openSUSE:Leap 15.6"],"exploits":{"exploitdb":0,"first_seen":"2025-04-16","github_poc":41,"max_poc_stars":142,"metasploit":1,"nuclei":0,"refs":[{"date":"2025-04-18T00:35:11Z","kind":"github_poc","ref":"https://github.com/ProDefense/CVE-2025-32433","stars":142,"title":"CVE-2025-32433 https://github.com/erlang/otp/security/advisories/GHSA-37cp-fgq5-7wc2"},{"date":"2025-04-18T21:11:44Z","kind":"github_poc","ref":"https://github.com/omer-efe-curkus/CVE-2025-32433-Erlang-OTP-SSH-RCE-PoC","stars":16,"title":"The vulnerability allows an attacker with network access to an Erlang/OTP SSH server to execute arbitrary code without prior authentication."},{"date":"2025-04-18T20:59:45Z","kind":"github_poc","ref":"https://github.com/m0usem0use/erl_mouse","stars":7,"title":"python script to find vulnerable targets of CVE-2025-32433 "},{"date":"2025-08-13T04:34:40Z","kind":"github_poc","ref":"https://github.com/NiteeshPujari/CVE-2025-32433-PoC","stars":7,"title":"CVE-2025-32433 PoC: Unauthenticated Remote Code Execution (RCE) in Erlang/OTP SSH. A proof-of-concept exploit for CVE-2025-32433"},{"date":"2025-04-19T15:13:24Z","kind":"github_poc","ref":"https://github.com/0xPThree/cve-2025-32433","stars":6,"title":null},{"date":"2025-04-18T02:32:41Z","kind":"github_poc","ref":"https://github.com/ekomsSavior/POC_CVE-2025-32433","stars":4,"title":null},{"date":"2025-04-18T10:30:52Z","kind":"github_poc","ref":"https://github.com/darses/CVE-2025-32433","stars":3,"title":"Security research on Erlang/OTP SSH CVE-2025-32433."},{"date":"2025-04-18T10:53:19Z","kind":"github_poc","ref":"https://github.com/LemieOne/CVE-2025-32433","stars":3,"title":"Missing Authentication for Critical Function (CWE-306)-Exploit"}],"tier":"exploited"},"has_fix":true,"headline":"Erlang Erlang/OTP SSH Server Missing Authentication for Critical Function","id":"CVE-2025-32433","indexable":true,"kev":{"dateAdded":"2025-06-09","dueDate":"2025-06-30","knownRansomwareCampaignUse":"Unknown","product":"Erlang/OTP","requiredAction":"Apply mitigations per vendor instructions, follow applicable BOD 22-01 guidance for cloud services, or discontinue use of the product if mitigations are unavailable.","vendorProject":"Erlang","vulnerabilityName":"Erlang Erlang/OTP SSH Server Missing Authentication for Critical Function Vulnerability"},"kind":"cve","links":{"ecosystem":null,"product":"debian:debian_linux","products":["debian:debian_linux"],"type":"auth_bypass","year":"2025"},"n_packages":16,"n_references":4,"next":{"headline":"PyTorch: `torch.load` with `weights_only=True` leads to remote code execution","id":"CVE-2025-32434"},"packages":[{"ecosystem":"SUSE:Enterprise Storage 7.1","fixed":["23.3.4.19-150300.3.20.1"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"erlang","purl":"pkg:rpm/suse/erlang\u0026distro=SUSE%20Enterprise%20Storage%207.1","source":"SUSE-SU-2025:1357-1"},{"ecosystem":"SUSE:Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP3-LTSS","fixed":["23.3.4.19-150300.3.20.1"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"erlang","purl":"pkg:rpm/suse/erlang\u0026distro=SUSE%20Linux%20Enterprise%20High%20Performance%20Computing%2015%20SP3-LTSS","source":"SUSE-SU-2025:1357-1"},{"ecosystem":"SUSE:Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP4-ESPOS","fixed":["23.3.4.19-150300.3.20.1"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"erlang","purl":"pkg:rpm/suse/erlang\u0026distro=SUSE%20Linux%20Enterprise%20High%20Performance%20Computing%2015%20SP4-ESPOS","source":"SUSE-SU-2025:1357-1"},{"ecosystem":"SUSE:Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP4-LTSS","fixed":["23.3.4.19-150300.3.20.1"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"erlang","purl":"pkg:rpm/suse/erlang\u0026distro=SUSE%20Linux%20Enterprise%20High%20Performance%20Computing%2015%20SP4-LTSS","source":"SUSE-SU-2025:1357-1"},{"ecosystem":"SUSE:Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP5-ESPOS","fixed":["23.3.4.19-150300.3.20.1"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"erlang","purl":"pkg:rpm/suse/erlang\u0026distro=SUSE%20Linux%20Enterprise%20High%20Performance%20Computing%2015%20SP5-ESPOS","source":"SUSE-SU-2025:1357-1"},{"ecosystem":"SUSE:Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP5-LTSS","fixed":["23.3.4.19-150300.3.20.1"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"erlang","purl":"pkg:rpm/suse/erlang\u0026distro=SUSE%20Linux%20Enterprise%20High%20Performance%20Computing%2015%20SP5-LTSS","source":"SUSE-SU-2025:1357-1"},{"ecosystem":"SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Server Applications 15 SP6","fixed":["23.3.4.19-150300.3.20.1"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"erlang","purl":"pkg:rpm/suse/erlang\u0026distro=SUSE%20Linux%20Enterprise%20Module%20for%20Server%20Applications%2015%20SP6","source":"SUSE-SU-2025:1357-1"},{"ecosystem":"SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server 15 SP3-LTSS","fixed":["23.3.4.19-150300.3.20.1"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"erlang","purl":"pkg:rpm/suse/erlang\u0026distro=SUSE%20Linux%20Enterprise%20Server%2015%20SP3-LTSS","source":"SUSE-SU-2025:1357-1"},{"ecosystem":"SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server 15 SP4-LTSS","fixed":["23.3.4.19-150300.3.20.1"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"erlang","purl":"pkg:rpm/suse/erlang\u0026distro=SUSE%20Linux%20Enterprise%20Server%2015%20SP4-LTSS","source":"SUSE-SU-2025:1357-1"},{"ecosystem":"SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server 15 SP5-LTSS","fixed":["23.3.4.19-150300.3.20.1"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"erlang","purl":"pkg:rpm/suse/erlang\u0026distro=SUSE%20Linux%20Enterprise%20Server%2015%20SP5-LTSS","source":"SUSE-SU-2025:1357-1"},{"ecosystem":"SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server for SAP Applications 15 SP3","fixed":["23.3.4.19-150300.3.20.1"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"erlang","purl":"pkg:rpm/suse/erlang\u0026distro=SUSE%20Linux%20Enterprise%20Server%20for%20SAP%20Applications%2015%20SP3","source":"SUSE-SU-2025:1357-1"},{"ecosystem":"SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server for SAP Applications 15 SP4","fixed":["23.3.4.19-150300.3.20.1"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"erlang","purl":"pkg:rpm/suse/erlang\u0026distro=SUSE%20Linux%20Enterprise%20Server%20for%20SAP%20Applications%2015%20SP4","source":"SUSE-SU-2025:1357-1"},{"ecosystem":"SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server for SAP Applications 15 SP5","fixed":["23.3.4.19-150300.3.20.1"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"erlang","purl":"pkg:rpm/suse/erlang\u0026distro=SUSE%20Linux%20Enterprise%20Server%20for%20SAP%20Applications%2015%20SP5","source":"SUSE-SU-2025:1357-1"},{"ecosystem":"SUSE:Manager Proxy 4.3","fixed":["23.3.4.19-150300.3.20.1"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"erlang","purl":"pkg:rpm/suse/erlang\u0026distro=SUSE%20Manager%20Proxy%204.3","source":"SUSE-SU-2025:1357-1"},{"ecosystem":"SUSE:Manager Server 4.3","fixed":["23.3.4.19-150300.3.20.1"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"erlang","purl":"pkg:rpm/suse/erlang\u0026distro=SUSE%20Manager%20Server%204.3","source":"SUSE-SU-2025:1357-1"},{"ecosystem":"openSUSE:Leap 15.6","fixed":["23.3.4.19-150300.3.20.1"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"erlang","purl":"pkg:rpm/opensuse/erlang\u0026distro=openSUSE%20Leap%2015.6","source":"SUSE-SU-2025:1357-1"}],"prev":{"headline":"Craft CMS Code Injection","id":"CVE-2025-32432"},"products":["otp"],"published":"2025-04-16","related":[],"sources":[{"class":"attribution","licence":"CVE Terms of Use (MITRE)","name":"CVE List","prefix":"CVE"},{"class":"attribution","licence":"CC BY 4.0","name":"SUSE","prefix":"SUSE"},{"class":"attribution","licence":"US public information, NVD API terms","name":"NVD"},{"class":"open","licence":"CC0 1.0","name":"CISA KEV"},{"class":"attribution","licence":"CWE Terms of Use","name":"CWE (MITRE)"},{"class":"attribution","licence":"FIRST CVSS licence","name":"CVSS (FIRST)"},{"class":"open","licence":"CC0","name":"PoC-in-GitHub"}],"ssvc":{"automatable":"yes","exploitation":"active","technical_impact":"total"},"state":"PUBLISHED","updated":"2026-02-26","vendors":["erlang"]},"summary":"Attackers can execute arbitrary code remotely without authentication by exploiting a flaw in the Erlang/OTP SSH server's protocol handling.","url":"https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2025-32433/"}