# CVE-2025-3406: Nothings stb Header Array stbhw_build_tileset_from_image out-of-bounds

> An out-of-bounds read in the stb library's tileset builder allows remote attackers to cause denial of service or disclose memory contents.

- **Severity:** Medium 5.3 (`CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:L/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N`)
- **Exploited in the wild:** Not known
- **Login needed:** Not needed
- **Attackable:** Over the internet
- **Victim action needed:** A user has to click or open something
- **Fix available:** No
- **Published:** 8 Apr 2025
- **Updated:** 8 Apr 2025
- **Also known as:** DEBIAN-CVE-2025-3406, GHSA-7249-98jq-4p25, UBUNTU-CVE-2025-3406

## What is CVE-2025-3406?

CVE-2025-3406 is a medium-severity memory corruption vulnerability in Nothings stb, published on 8 Apr 2025. An attacker can exploit it over the internet without logging in, and only if a user opens a file or follows a link.

### Official description

A vulnerability was found in Nothings stb up to f056911. It has been classified as problematic. Affected is the function stbhw_build_tileset_from_image of the component Header Array Handler. The manipulation of the argument w leads to out-of-bounds read. It is possible to launch the attack remotely. This product is using a rolling release to provide continious delivery. Therefore, no version details for affected nor updated releases are available. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.

Weakness: CWE-125 (Out-of-bounds Read), CWE-119 (Improper Restriction of Operations within the Bounds of a Memory Buffer)

## Which versions are affected by CVE-2025-3406?

It affects 1 product.


Products: Nothings Stb Image.h.

## How do I fix CVE-2025-3406?

No fix has been published for CVE-2025-3406 yet. Limit exposure of the affected software until one is available.

## Is CVE-2025-3406 being exploited?

There is no known exploitation of CVE-2025-3406 in the wild and no public exploit code.

## Other vulnerabilities in Nothings stb

- [CVE-2019-19777](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2019-19777/): Memory corruption in n/a (high 8.8)
- [CVE-2023-45664](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2023-45664/): Double-free in stbi__load_gif_main_outofmem in stb_image (high 7.3)
- [CVE-2023-45666](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2023-45666/): Possible double-free or memory leak in stbi__load_gif_main in stb_image (high 7.3)
- [CVE-2023-43281](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2023-43281/): Use after free in n/a (medium 6.5)
- [CVE-2023-45661](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2023-45661/): Wild address read in stbi__gif_load_next in stb_image (medium 6.5)

## Fix prompt for AI coding agents

```text
Check this codebase for CVE-2025-3406 and fix it if it is affected.

What it is: CVE-2025-3406 is a medium-severity memory corruption vulnerability in Nothings stb, published on 8 Apr 2025. An attacker can exploit it over the internet without logging in, and only if a user opens a file or follows a link.
Exploitation: There is no known exploitation of CVE-2025-3406 in the wild and no public exploit code.

Affected product: Nothings stb. No package-level version data is available, so check the vendor advisory linked from the reference page.

Task:
1. Search the dependency manifests and lockfiles (for example package.json, package-lock.json, requirements.txt, poetry.lock, uv.lock, pom.xml, build.gradle, go.mod, Cargo.lock, Gemfile.lock) and any Dockerfiles for the affected packages, including transitive dependencies.
2. If an affected version is in use, upgrade it to the fixed version for its release line with the project's package manager, so the lockfile is regenerated. Prefer the smallest upgrade that fixes it.
3. If there is no fix, or the upgrade would break the build, do not guess: explain the risk and the safest workaround instead.
4. Run the tests and summarise what changed and why.
5. If nothing in the project is affected, say so and change nothing.

Reference: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2025-3406/ (Markdown: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2025-3406/index.md)
```

## Sources

- CVE record: https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-3406
- NVD: https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-3406
- OSV: https://osv.dev/vulnerability/CVE-2025-3406

---
From sbomify Insights: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2025-3406/
Summaries are generated and may contain mistakes; the official description above is the record.