CVE-2025-3509 Code injection in Enterprise Server
Attackers with specific permissions can execute arbitrary code via pre-receive hooks during hot patch upgrades, leading to privilege escalation.
- Exploited in the wild
- Not known
- Login needed
- An administrator
- Attackable
- Over the internet
- Victim action needed
- Not needed
- Fix
- None listed
What is CVE-2025-3509?
CVE-2025-3509 is a high-severity code injection vulnerability in Github Enterprise Server, published on 17 Apr 2025. An attacker needs administrator access to exploit it, with no action from the victim.
Official description
A Remote Code Execution (RCE) vulnerability was identified in GitHub Enterprise Server that allowed attackers to execute arbitrary code by exploiting the pre-receive hook functionality, potentially leading to privilege escalation and system compromise. The vulnerability involves using dynamically allocated ports that become temporarily available, such as during a hot patch upgrade. This means the vulnerability is only exploitable during specific operational conditions, which limits the attack window. Exploitation required either site administrator permissions to enable and configure pre-receive hooks or a user with permissions to modify repositories containing pre-receive hooks where this functionality was already enabled. This vulnerability affected all versions of GitHub Enterprise Server prior to 3.18 and was fixed in versions 3.17.1, 3.16.4, 3.15.8, 3.14.13, 3.13.16. This vulnerability was reported via the GitHub Bug Bounty program.
Weakness: CWE-94
Which versions are affected by CVE-2025-3509?
It affects 1 product.
Products include Github Enterprise Server.
How do I fix CVE-2025-3509?
No fix has been published for CVE-2025-3509 yet. Limit exposure of the affected software until one is available.
Upgrade, and never evaluate templates, expressions or code built from user input. More about Code injection.
Is CVE-2025-3509 being exploited?
There is no known exploitation of CVE-2025-3509 in the wild and no public exploit code.
Other vulnerabilities in Github Enterprise Server
- CVE-2024-4985 Auth bypass in Enterprise Server
- CVE-2022-23739 Missing authorization in GitHub Enterprise Server
- CVE-2022-46255 Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory in GitHub Enterprise Server leading to RCE
- CVE-2021-22869 Improper access control in GitHub Enterprise Server allows self-hosted runners to execute outside their control group
- CVE-2024-9487 Auth bypass in Enterprise Server
Sources
Also known as GHSA-g3x6-r9w9-mcxx.