{"answers":{"affected":"It affects 1 product.","exploited":"There is no known exploitation of CVE-2025-38248 in the wild and no public exploit code.","fix":"Apply the vendor's patch.","what":"CVE-2025-38248 is a high-severity use after free vulnerability in Linux kernel, published on 9 Jul 2025. It can only be exploited from the same machine or local network, with no action from the victim."},"fix_prompt":"Check this codebase for CVE-2025-38248 and fix it if it is affected.\n\nWhat it is: CVE-2025-38248 is a high-severity use after free vulnerability in Linux kernel, published on 9 Jul 2025. It can only be exploited from the same machine or local network, with no action from the victim.\nExploitation: There is no known exploitation of CVE-2025-38248 in the wild and no public exploit code.\n\nAffected product: Linux kernel. No package-level version data is available, so check the vendor advisory linked from the reference page.\n\nTask:\n1. Search the dependency manifests and lockfiles (for example package.json, package-lock.json, requirements.txt, poetry.lock, uv.lock, pom.xml, build.gradle, go.mod, Cargo.lock, Gemfile.lock) and any Dockerfiles for the affected packages, including transitive dependencies.\n2. If an affected version is in use, upgrade it to the fixed version for its release line with the project's package manager, so the lockfile is regenerated. Prefer the smallest upgrade that fixes it.\n3. If there is no fix, or the upgrade would break the build, do not guess: explain the risk and the safest workaround instead.\n4. Run the tests and summarise what changed and why.\n5. If nothing in the project is affected, say so and change nothing.\n\nReference: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2025-38248/ (Markdown: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2025-38248/index.md)","id":"CVE-2025-38248","markdown":"https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2025-38248/index.md","name":"CVE-2025-38248","record":{"aliases":["AZL-64841","AZL-70492","BELL-CVE-2025-38248","DEBIAN-CVE-2025-38248","GHSA-2838-84rj-32xc","RHSA-2026:5692","ROOT-OS-DEBIAN-12-CVE-2025-38248","ROOT-OS-DEBIAN-13-CVE-2025-38248","ROOT-OS-UBUNTU-2204-CVE-2025-38248","ROOT-OS-UBUNTU-2404-CVE-2025-38248","UBUNTU-CVE-2025-38248"],"analysis":{"component_type":"kernel","fix_type":"patch","impacts":["code_execution","denial_of_service"],"network_reachable":"adjacent_or_local","non_default_config":true,"product_category":"Linux kernel bridge","requires_auth":"low_privilege","summary":"A use-after-free in the Linux kernel bridge multicast module allows attackers to cause denial of service or execute code when per-VLAN multicast snooping is enabled.","user_interaction":"not_required","vuln_class":"use_after_free"},"analysis_generated_by":"qwen3.8-flash-next","assigner":"Linux","cpe":[{"product":"linux_kernel","vendor":"linux"}],"cvss":{"score":7.8,"severity":"high","source":"cna","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H","version":"3.1"},"cwes":[{"id":"CWE-416","name":"Use After Free"}],"description":"In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nbridge: mcast: Fix use-after-free during router port configuration\n\nThe bridge maintains a global list of ports behind which a multicast\nrouter resides. The list is consulted during forwarding to ensure\nmulticast packets are forwarded to these ports even if the ports are not\nmember in the matching MDB entry.\n\nWhen per-VLAN multicast snooping is enabled, the per-port multicast\ncontext is disabled on each port and the port is removed from the global\nrouter port list:\n\n # ip link add name br1 up type bridge vlan_filtering 1 mcast_snooping 1\n # ip link add name dummy1 up master br1 type dummy\n # ip link set dev dummy1 type bridge_slave mcast_router 2\n $ bridge -d mdb show | grep router\n router ports on br1: dummy1\n # ip link set dev br1 type bridge mcast_vlan_snooping 1\n $ bridge -d mdb show | grep router\n\nHowever, the port can be re-added to the global list even when per-VLAN\nmulticast snooping is enabled:\n\n # ip link set dev dummy1 type bridge_slave mcast_router 0\n # ip link set dev dummy1 type bridge_slave mcast_router 2\n $ bridge -d mdb show | grep router\n router ports on br1: dummy1\n\nSince commit 4b30ae9adb04 (\"net: bridge: mcast: re-implement\nbr_multicast_{enable, disable}_port functions\"), when per-VLAN multicast\nsnooping is enabled, multicast disablement on a port will disable the\nper-{port, VLAN} multicast contexts and not the per-port one. As a\nresult, a port will remain in the global router port list even after it\nis deleted. This will lead to a use-after-free [1] when the list is\ntraversed (when adding a new port to the list, for example):\n\n # ip link del dev dummy1\n # ip link add name dummy2 up master br1 type dummy\n # ip link set dev dummy2 type bridge_slave mcast_router 2\n\nSimilarly, stale entries can also be found in the per-VLAN router port\nlist. When per-VLAN multicast snooping is disabled, the per-{port, VLAN}\ncontexts are disabled on each port and the port is removed from the\nper-VLAN router port list:\n\n # ip link add name br1 up type bridge vlan_filtering 1 mcast_snooping 1 mcast_vlan_snooping 1\n # ip link add name dummy1 up master br1 type dummy\n # bridge vlan add vid 2 dev dummy1\n # bridge vlan global set vid 2 dev br1 mcast_snooping 1\n # bridge vlan set vid 2 dev dummy1 mcast_router 2\n $ bridge vlan global show dev br1 vid 2 | grep router\n       router ports: dummy1\n # ip link set dev br1 type bridge mcast_vlan_snooping 0\n $ bridge vlan global show dev br1 vid 2 | grep router\n\nHowever, the port can be re-added to the per-VLAN list even when\nper-VLAN multicast snooping is disabled:\n\n # bridge vlan set vid 2 dev dummy1 mcast_router 0\n # bridge vlan set vid 2 dev dummy1 mcast_router 2\n $ bridge vlan global show dev br1 vid 2 | grep router\n       router ports: dummy1\n\nWhen the VLAN is deleted from the port, the per-{port, VLAN} multicast\ncontext will not be disabled since multicast snooping is not enabled\non the VLAN. As a result, the port will remain in the per-VLAN router\nport list even after it is no longer member in the VLAN. This will lead\nto a use-after-free [2] when the list is traversed (when adding a new\nport to the list, for example):\n\n # ip link add name dummy2 up master br1 type dummy\n # bridge vlan add vid 2 dev dummy2\n # bridge vlan del vid 2 dev dummy1\n # bridge vlan set vid 2 dev dummy2 mcast_router 2\n\nFix these issues by removing the port from the relevant (global or\nper-VLAN) router port list in br_multicast_port_ctx_deinit(). The\nfunction is invoked during port deletion with the per-port multicast\ncontext and during VLAN deletion with the per-{port, VLAN} multicast\ncontext.\n\nNote that deleting the multicast router timer is not enough as it only\ntakes care of the temporary multicast router states (1 or 3) and not the\npermanent one (2).\n\n[1]\nBUG: KASAN: slab-out-of-bounds in br_multicast_add_router.part.0+0x3f1/0x560\nWrite of size 8 at addr ffff888004a67328 by task ip/384\n[...]\nCall Trace:\n \u003cTASK\u003e\n dump_stack\n---truncated---","ecosystems":["Red Hat:rhel_eus:9.4::appstream","Red Hat:rhel_eus:9.4::baseos","Red Hat:rhel_eus:9.4::crb","Red Hat:rhel_eus:9.4::nfv","Red Hat:rhel_eus:9.4::realtime"],"exploits":{"exploitdb":0,"first_seen":"2026-01-22","github_poc":1,"max_poc_stars":0,"metasploit":0,"nuclei":0,"refs":[{"date":"2026-01-22T04:46:19Z","kind":"github_poc","ref":"https://github.com/guard-wait/CVE-2025-38248_EXP","stars":0,"title":"The first detail for CVE-2025-38248"}],"tier":"poc_unverified"},"has_fix":true,"headline":"bridge: mcast: Fix use-after-free during router port configuration","id":"CVE-2025-38248","indexable":true,"kev":null,"kind":"cve","links":{"ecosystem":null,"product":"linux:linux_kernel","products":["linux:linux_kernel"],"type":"use_after_free","year":"2025"},"n_packages":142,"n_references":4,"next":{"headline":"ALSA: usb-audio: Fix out-of-bounds read in snd_usb_get_audioformat_uac3()","id":"CVE-2025-38249"},"packages":[{"ecosystem":"Red Hat:rhel_eus:9.4::appstream","fixed":["0:7.3.0-427.116.1.el9_4"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"bpftool-debuginfo","purl":"pkg:rpm/redhat/bpftool-debuginfo","source":"RHSA-2026:5692"},{"ecosystem":"Red Hat:rhel_eus:9.4::appstream","fixed":["0:5.14.0-427.116.1.el9_4"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"kernel-64k-debug-debuginfo","purl":"pkg:rpm/redhat/kernel-64k-debug-debuginfo","source":"RHSA-2026:5692"},{"ecosystem":"Red Hat:rhel_eus:9.4::appstream","fixed":["0:5.14.0-427.116.1.el9_4"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"kernel-64k-debug-devel","purl":"pkg:rpm/redhat/kernel-64k-debug-devel","source":"RHSA-2026:5692"},{"ecosystem":"Red Hat:rhel_eus:9.4::appstream","fixed":["0:5.14.0-427.116.1.el9_4"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"kernel-64k-debug-devel-matched","purl":"pkg:rpm/redhat/kernel-64k-debug-devel-matched","source":"RHSA-2026:5692"},{"ecosystem":"Red Hat:rhel_eus:9.4::appstream","fixed":["0:5.14.0-427.116.1.el9_4"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"kernel-64k-debuginfo","purl":"pkg:rpm/redhat/kernel-64k-debuginfo","source":"RHSA-2026:5692"},{"ecosystem":"Red Hat:rhel_eus:9.4::appstream","fixed":["0:5.14.0-427.116.1.el9_4"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"kernel-64k-devel","purl":"pkg:rpm/redhat/kernel-64k-devel","source":"RHSA-2026:5692"},{"ecosystem":"Red Hat:rhel_eus:9.4::appstream","fixed":["0:5.14.0-427.116.1.el9_4"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"kernel-64k-devel-matched","purl":"pkg:rpm/redhat/kernel-64k-devel-matched","source":"RHSA-2026:5692"},{"ecosystem":"Red Hat:rhel_eus:9.4::appstream","fixed":["0:5.14.0-427.116.1.el9_4"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"kernel-debug-debuginfo","purl":"pkg:rpm/redhat/kernel-debug-debuginfo","source":"RHSA-2026:5692"},{"ecosystem":"Red Hat:rhel_eus:9.4::appstream","fixed":["0:5.14.0-427.116.1.el9_4"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"kernel-debug-devel","purl":"pkg:rpm/redhat/kernel-debug-devel","source":"RHSA-2026:5692"},{"ecosystem":"Red Hat:rhel_eus:9.4::appstream","fixed":["0:5.14.0-427.116.1.el9_4"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"kernel-debug-devel-matched","purl":"pkg:rpm/redhat/kernel-debug-devel-matched","source":"RHSA-2026:5692"},{"ecosystem":"Red Hat:rhel_eus:9.4::appstream","fixed":["0:5.14.0-427.116.1.el9_4"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"kernel-debuginfo","purl":"pkg:rpm/redhat/kernel-debuginfo","source":"RHSA-2026:5692"},{"ecosystem":"Red Hat:rhel_eus:9.4::appstream","fixed":["0:5.14.0-427.116.1.el9_4"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"kernel-debuginfo-common-aarch64","purl":"pkg:rpm/redhat/kernel-debuginfo-common-aarch64","source":"RHSA-2026:5692"},{"ecosystem":"Red Hat:rhel_eus:9.4::appstream","fixed":["0:5.14.0-427.116.1.el9_4"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"kernel-debuginfo-common-ppc64le","purl":"pkg:rpm/redhat/kernel-debuginfo-common-ppc64le","source":"RHSA-2026:5692"},{"ecosystem":"Red Hat:rhel_eus:9.4::appstream","fixed":["0:5.14.0-427.116.1.el9_4"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"kernel-debuginfo-common-s390x","purl":"pkg:rpm/redhat/kernel-debuginfo-common-s390x","source":"RHSA-2026:5692"},{"ecosystem":"Red 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Hat:rhel_eus:9.4::appstream","fixed":["0:5.14.0-427.116.1.el9_4"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"kernel-rt-debug-debuginfo","purl":"pkg:rpm/redhat/kernel-rt-debug-debuginfo","source":"RHSA-2026:5692"},{"ecosystem":"Red Hat:rhel_eus:9.4::appstream","fixed":["0:5.14.0-427.116.1.el9_4"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"kernel-rt-debuginfo","purl":"pkg:rpm/redhat/kernel-rt-debuginfo","source":"RHSA-2026:5692"},{"ecosystem":"Red Hat:rhel_eus:9.4::appstream","fixed":["0:5.14.0-427.116.1.el9_4"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"kernel-tools-debuginfo","purl":"pkg:rpm/redhat/kernel-tools-debuginfo","source":"RHSA-2026:5692"},{"ecosystem":"Red Hat:rhel_eus:9.4::appstream","fixed":["0:5.14.0-427.116.1.el9_4"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"kernel-zfcpdump-debuginfo","purl":"pkg:rpm/redhat/kernel-zfcpdump-debuginfo","source":"RHSA-2026:5692"},{"ecosystem":"Red Hat:rhel_eus:9.4::appstream","fixed":["0:5.14.0-427.116.1.el9_4"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"kernel-zfcpdump-devel","purl":"pkg:rpm/redhat/kernel-zfcpdump-devel","source":"RHSA-2026:5692"},{"ecosystem":"Red Hat:rhel_eus:9.4::appstream","fixed":["0:5.14.0-427.116.1.el9_4"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"kernel-zfcpdump-devel-matched","purl":"pkg:rpm/redhat/kernel-zfcpdump-devel-matched","source":"RHSA-2026:5692"},{"ecosystem":"Red Hat:rhel_eus:9.4::appstream","fixed":["0:5.14.0-427.116.1.el9_4"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"libperf-debuginfo","purl":"pkg:rpm/redhat/libperf-debuginfo","source":"RHSA-2026:5692"},{"ecosystem":"Red Hat:rhel_eus:9.4::appstream","fixed":["0:5.14.0-427.116.1.el9_4"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"perf","purl":"pkg:rpm/redhat/perf","source":"RHSA-2026:5692"},{"ecosystem":"Red Hat:rhel_eus:9.4::appstream","fixed":["0:5.14.0-427.116.1.el9_4"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"perf-debuginfo","purl":"pkg:rpm/redhat/perf-debuginfo","source":"RHSA-2026:5692"},{"ecosystem":"Red Hat:rhel_eus:9.4::appstream","fixed":["0:5.14.0-427.116.1.el9_4"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"python3-perf-debuginfo","purl":"pkg:rpm/redhat/python3-perf-debuginfo","source":"RHSA-2026:5692"},{"ecosystem":"Red Hat:rhel_eus:9.4::appstream","fixed":["0:5.14.0-427.116.1.el9_4"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"rtla","purl":"pkg:rpm/redhat/rtla","source":"RHSA-2026:5692"},{"ecosystem":"Red Hat:rhel_eus:9.4::appstream","fixed":["0:5.14.0-427.116.1.el9_4"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"rv","purl":"pkg:rpm/redhat/rv","source":"RHSA-2026:5692"},{"ecosystem":"Red Hat:rhel_eus:9.4::baseos","fixed":["0:7.3.0-427.116.1.el9_4"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"bpftool","purl":"pkg:rpm/redhat/bpftool","source":"RHSA-2026:5692"},{"ecosystem":"Red Hat:rhel_eus:9.4::baseos","fixed":["0:7.3.0-427.116.1.el9_4"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"bpftool-debuginfo","purl":"pkg:rpm/redhat/bpftool-debuginfo","source":"RHSA-2026:5692"},{"ecosystem":"Red Hat:rhel_eus:9.4::baseos","fixed":["0:5.14.0-427.116.1.el9_4"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"kernel","purl":"pkg:rpm/redhat/kernel","source":"RHSA-2026:5692"},{"ecosystem":"Red Hat:rhel_eus:9.4::baseos","fixed":["0:5.14.0-427.116.1.el9_4"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"kernel-64k","purl":"pkg:rpm/redhat/kernel-64k","source":"RHSA-2026:5692"},{"ecosystem":"Red Hat:rhel_eus:9.4::baseos","fixed":["0:5.14.0-427.116.1.el9_4"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"kernel-64k-core","purl":"pkg:rpm/redhat/kernel-64k-core","source":"RHSA-2026:5692"},{"ecosystem":"Red Hat:rhel_eus:9.4::baseos","fixed":["0:5.14.0-427.116.1.el9_4"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"kernel-64k-debug","purl":"pkg:rpm/redhat/kernel-64k-debug","source":"RHSA-2026:5692"},{"ecosystem":"Red Hat:rhel_eus:9.4::baseos","fixed":["0:5.14.0-427.116.1.el9_4"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"kernel-64k-debug-core","purl":"pkg:rpm/redhat/kernel-64k-debug-core","source":"RHSA-2026:5692"},{"ecosystem":"Red Hat:rhel_eus:9.4::baseos","fixed":["0:5.14.0-427.116.1.el9_4"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"kernel-64k-debug-debuginfo","purl":"pkg:rpm/redhat/kernel-64k-debug-debuginfo","source":"RHSA-2026:5692"},{"ecosystem":"Red Hat:rhel_eus:9.4::baseos","fixed":["0:5.14.0-427.116.1.el9_4"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"kernel-64k-debug-modules","purl":"pkg:rpm/redhat/kernel-64k-debug-modules","source":"RHSA-2026:5692"},{"ecosystem":"Red Hat:rhel_eus:9.4::baseos","fixed":["0:5.14.0-427.116.1.el9_4"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"kernel-64k-debug-modules-core","purl":"pkg:rpm/redhat/kernel-64k-debug-modules-core","source":"RHSA-2026:5692"}],"prev":{"headline":"userns and mnt_idmap leak in open_tree_attr(2)","id":"CVE-2025-38247"},"products":["Linux"],"published":"2025-07-09","related":[{"cvss_score":8.8,"headline":"Linux Kernel Out-of-Bounds Write","id":"CVE-2026-53266","kev_date_added":"2026-09-18","published":"2026-06-25"},{"cvss_score":8.8,"headline":"Linux Kernel Improper Input Validation","id":"CVE-2013-6282","kev_date_added":"2022-09-15","published":"2013-11-19"},{"cvss_score":8.4,"headline":"Linux Kernel Heap-Based Buffer Overflow","id":"CVE-2022-0185","kev_date_added":"2024-08-21","published":"2022-02-11"},{"cvss_score":8.4,"headline":"Linux Kernel Privilege Escalation","id":"CVE-2013-2094","kev_date_added":"2022-09-15","published":"2013-05-14"},{"cvss_score":7.8,"headline":"Linux Kernel Unspecified","id":"CVE-2026-53362","kev_date_added":"2026-08-27","published":"2026-07-04"},{"cvss_score":7.8,"headline":"Linux Kernel Missing Initialization of a Variable","id":"CVE-2026-46300","kev_date_added":"2026-10-28","published":"2026-05-23"},{"cvss_score":7.8,"headline":"Linux Kernel Race Condition","id":"CVE-2025-39964","kev_date_added":"2026-09-18","published":"2025-10-13"}],"sources":[{"class":"attribution","licence":"CVE Terms of Use (MITRE)","name":"CVE List","prefix":"CVE"},{"class":"attribution","licence":"CC BY 4.0","name":"Red Hat","prefix":"RHSA"},{"class":"attribution","licence":"US public information, NVD API terms","name":"NVD"},{"class":"attribution","licence":"CWE Terms of Use","name":"CWE (MITRE)"},{"class":"attribution","licence":"FIRST CVSS licence","name":"CVSS (FIRST)"},{"class":"open","licence":"CC0","name":"PoC-in-GitHub"}],"ssvc":{"automatable":"no","exploitation":"none","technical_impact":"total"},"state":"PUBLISHED","updated":"2026-08-05","vendors":["Linux"]},"summary":"A use-after-free in the Linux kernel bridge multicast module allows attackers to cause denial of service or execute code when per-VLAN multicast snooping is enabled.","url":"https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2025-38248/"}