{"answers":{"affected":"It affects 2 products.","exploited":"There is no known exploitation of CVE-2025-38491 in the wild and no public exploit code.","fix":"Apply the vendor's patch.","what":"CVE-2025-38491 is a high-severity vulnerability in Debian Debian Linux, published on 28 Jul 2025. An attacker can exploit it over the internet without logging in, with no action from the victim."},"fix_prompt":"Check this codebase for CVE-2025-38491 and fix it if it is affected.\n\nWhat it is: CVE-2025-38491 is a high-severity vulnerability in Debian Debian Linux, published on 28 Jul 2025. An attacker can exploit it over the internet without logging in, with no action from the victim.\nExploitation: There is no known exploitation of CVE-2025-38491 in the wild and no public exploit code.\n\nAffected product: Debian Debian Linux. No package-level version data is available, so check the vendor advisory linked from the reference page.\n\nTask:\n1. Search the dependency manifests and lockfiles (for example package.json, package-lock.json, requirements.txt, poetry.lock, uv.lock, pom.xml, build.gradle, go.mod, Cargo.lock, Gemfile.lock) and any Dockerfiles for the affected packages, including transitive dependencies.\n2. If an affected version is in use, upgrade it to the fixed version for its release line with the project's package manager, so the lockfile is regenerated. Prefer the smallest upgrade that fixes it.\n3. If there is no fix, or the upgrade would break the build, do not guess: explain the risk and the safest workaround instead.\n4. Run the tests and summarise what changed and why.\n5. If nothing in the project is affected, say so and change nothing.\n\nReference: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2025-38491/ (Markdown: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2025-38491/index.md)","id":"CVE-2025-38491","markdown":"https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2025-38491/index.md","name":"CVE-2025-38491","record":{"aliases":["AZL-65943","AZL-73461","BELL-CVE-2025-38491","DEBIAN-CVE-2025-38491","GHSA-f3wq-3888-8q7g","ROOT-OS-DEBIAN-11-CVE-2025-38491","ROOT-OS-DEBIAN-12-CVE-2025-38491","ROOT-OS-UBUNTU-2204-CVE-2025-38491","ROOT-OS-UBUNTU-2404-CVE-2025-38491","UBUNTU-CVE-2025-38491"],"analysis":{"component_type":"kernel","fix_type":"patch","impacts":["denial_of_service"],"network_reachable":"yes","non_default_config":false,"product_category":"Linux kernel","requires_auth":"none","summary":"A race condition in the Linux kernel MPTCP implementation can cause a system crash, requiring a kernel patch to fix.","user_interaction":"not_required","vuln_class":"race_condition"},"analysis_generated_by":"qwen3.8-flash-next","assigner":"Linux","cpe":[{"product":"debian_linux","vendor":"debian"},{"product":"linux_kernel","vendor":"linux"}],"cvss":{"score":8.2,"severity":"high","source":"cna","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:H","version":"3.1"},"cwes":[{"id":"CWE-667","name":"Improper Locking"}],"description":"In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nmptcp: make fallback action and fallback decision atomic\n\nSyzkaller reported the following splat:\n\n  WARNING: CPU: 1 PID: 7704 at net/mptcp/protocol.h:1223 __mptcp_do_fallback net/mptcp/protocol.h:1223 [inline]\n  WARNING: CPU: 1 PID: 7704 at net/mptcp/protocol.h:1223 mptcp_do_fallback net/mptcp/protocol.h:1244 [inline]\n  WARNING: CPU: 1 PID: 7704 at net/mptcp/protocol.h:1223 check_fully_established net/mptcp/options.c:982 [inline]\n  WARNING: CPU: 1 PID: 7704 at net/mptcp/protocol.h:1223 mptcp_incoming_options+0x21a8/0x2510 net/mptcp/options.c:1153\n  Modules linked in:\n  CPU: 1 UID: 0 PID: 7704 Comm: syz.3.1419 Not tainted 6.16.0-rc3-gbd5ce2324dba #20 PREEMPT(voluntary)\n  Hardware name: QEMU Ubuntu 24.04 PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996), BIOS 1.16.3-debian-1.16.3-2 04/01/2014\n  RIP: 0010:__mptcp_do_fallback net/mptcp/protocol.h:1223 [inline]\n  RIP: 0010:mptcp_do_fallback net/mptcp/protocol.h:1244 [inline]\n  RIP: 0010:check_fully_established net/mptcp/options.c:982 [inline]\n  RIP: 0010:mptcp_incoming_options+0x21a8/0x2510 net/mptcp/options.c:1153\n  Code: 24 18 e8 bb 2a 00 fd e9 1b df ff ff e8 b1 21 0f 00 e8 ec 5f c4 fc 44 0f b7 ac 24 b0 00 00 00 e9 54 f1 ff ff e8 d9 5f c4 fc 90 \u003c0f\u003e 0b 90 e9 b8 f4 ff ff e8 8b 2a 00 fd e9 8d e6 ff ff e8 81 2a 00\n  RSP: 0018:ffff8880a3f08448 EFLAGS: 00010246\n  RAX: 0000000000000000 RBX: ffff8880180a8000 RCX: ffffffff84afcf45\n  RDX: ffff888090223700 RSI: ffffffff84afdaa7 RDI: 0000000000000001\n  RBP: ffff888017955780 R08: 0000000000000001 R09: 0000000000000000\n  R10: 0000000000000000 R11: 0000000000000000 R12: 0000000000000000\n  R13: ffff8880180a8910 R14: ffff8880a3e9d058 R15: 0000000000000000\n  FS:  00005555791b8500(0000) GS:ffff88811c495000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000\n  CS:  0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033\n  CR2: 000000110c2800b7 CR3: 0000000058e44000 CR4: 0000000000350ef0\n  Call Trace:\n   \u003cIRQ\u003e\n   tcp_reset+0x26f/0x2b0 net/ipv4/tcp_input.c:4432\n   tcp_validate_incoming+0x1057/0x1b60 net/ipv4/tcp_input.c:5975\n   tcp_rcv_established+0x5b5/0x21f0 net/ipv4/tcp_input.c:6166\n   tcp_v4_do_rcv+0x5dc/0xa70 net/ipv4/tcp_ipv4.c:1925\n   tcp_v4_rcv+0x3473/0x44a0 net/ipv4/tcp_ipv4.c:2363\n   ip_protocol_deliver_rcu+0xba/0x480 net/ipv4/ip_input.c:205\n   ip_local_deliver_finish+0x2f1/0x500 net/ipv4/ip_input.c:233\n   NF_HOOK include/linux/netfilter.h:317 [inline]\n   NF_HOOK include/linux/netfilter.h:311 [inline]\n   ip_local_deliver+0x1be/0x560 net/ipv4/ip_input.c:254\n   dst_input include/net/dst.h:469 [inline]\n   ip_rcv_finish net/ipv4/ip_input.c:447 [inline]\n   NF_HOOK include/linux/netfilter.h:317 [inline]\n   NF_HOOK include/linux/netfilter.h:311 [inline]\n   ip_rcv+0x514/0x810 net/ipv4/ip_input.c:567\n   __netif_receive_skb_one_core+0x197/0x1e0 net/core/dev.c:5975\n   __netif_receive_skb+0x1f/0x120 net/core/dev.c:6088\n   process_backlog+0x301/0x1360 net/core/dev.c:6440\n   __napi_poll.constprop.0+0xba/0x550 net/core/dev.c:7453\n   napi_poll net/core/dev.c:7517 [inline]\n   net_rx_action+0xb44/0x1010 net/core/dev.c:7644\n   handle_softirqs+0x1d0/0x770 kernel/softirq.c:579\n   do_softirq+0x3f/0x90 kernel/softirq.c:480\n   \u003c/IRQ\u003e\n   \u003cTASK\u003e\n   __local_bh_enable_ip+0xed/0x110 kernel/softirq.c:407\n   local_bh_enable include/linux/bottom_half.h:33 [inline]\n   inet_csk_listen_stop+0x2c5/0x1070 net/ipv4/inet_connection_sock.c:1524\n   mptcp_check_listen_stop.part.0+0x1cc/0x220 net/mptcp/protocol.c:2985\n   mptcp_check_listen_stop net/mptcp/mib.h:118 [inline]\n   __mptcp_close+0x9b9/0xbd0 net/mptcp/protocol.c:3000\n   mptcp_close+0x2f/0x140 net/mptcp/protocol.c:3066\n   inet_release+0xed/0x200 net/ipv4/af_inet.c:435\n   inet6_release+0x4f/0x70 net/ipv6/af_inet6.c:487\n   __sock_release+0xb3/0x270 net/socket.c:649\n   sock_close+0x1c/0x30 net/socket.c:1439\n   __fput+0x402/0xb70 fs/file_table.c:465\n   task_work_run+0x150/0x240 kernel/task_work.c:227\n   resume_user_mode_work include/linux/resume_user_mode.h:50 [inline]\n   exit_to_user_mode_loop+0xd4\n---truncated---","ecosystems":[],"exploits":{"exploitdb":0,"first_seen":null,"github_poc":0,"max_poc_stars":null,"metasploit":0,"nuclei":0,"refs":[],"tier":"none_known"},"has_fix":true,"headline":"mptcp: make fallback action and fallback decision atomic","id":"CVE-2025-38491","indexable":true,"kev":null,"kind":"cve","links":{"ecosystem":null,"product":"debian:debian_linux","products":["debian:debian_linux","linux:linux_kernel"],"type":"race_condition","year":"2025"},"n_packages":0,"n_references":5,"next":{"headline":"netfs: Fix race between cache write completion and ALL_QUEUED being set","id":"CVE-2025-38492"},"packages":[],"prev":{"headline":"net: libwx: remove duplicate page_pool_put_full_page()","id":"CVE-2025-38490"},"products":["Linux"],"published":"2025-07-28","related":[{"cvss_score":10,"headline":"ProFTPD Improper Access Control","id":"CVE-2015-3306","kev_date_added":"2026-10-08","published":"2015-05-18"},{"cvss_score":9.9,"headline":"RoundCube Webmail Deserialization of Untrusted Data","id":"CVE-2025-49113","kev_date_added":"2026-02-20","published":"2025-06-02"},{"cvss_score":9.8,"headline":"GNU InetUtils Argument Injection","id":"CVE-2026-24061","kev_date_added":"2026-01-26","published":"2026-01-21"},{"cvss_score":9.8,"headline":"Linux Kernel Improper Check for Unusual or Exceptional Conditions","id":"CVE-2025-39682","kev_date_added":"2026-09-18","published":"2025-09-05"},{"cvss_score":9.8,"headline":"Mozilla Firefox Use-After-Free","id":"CVE-2024-9680","kev_date_added":"2024-10-15","published":"2024-10-09"},{"cvss_score":9.8,"headline":"RARLAB UnRAR Directory Traversal","id":"CVE-2022-30333","kev_date_added":"2022-08-09","published":"2022-05-09"},{"cvss_score":9.8,"headline":"Roundcube Webmail SQL Injection","id":"CVE-2021-44026","kev_date_added":"2023-06-22","published":"2021-11-19"}],"sources":[{"class":"attribution","licence":"CVE Terms of Use (MITRE)","name":"CVE List","prefix":"CVE"},{"class":"attribution","licence":"US public information, NVD API terms","name":"NVD"},{"class":"attribution","licence":"CWE Terms of Use","name":"CWE (MITRE)"},{"class":"attribution","licence":"FIRST CVSS licence","name":"CVSS (FIRST)"}],"ssvc":{"automatable":"yes","exploitation":"none","technical_impact":"partial"},"state":"PUBLISHED","updated":"2026-10-15","vendors":["Linux"]},"summary":"A race condition in the Linux kernel MPTCP implementation can cause a system crash, requiring a kernel patch to fix.","url":"https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2025-38491/"}