{"answers":{"affected":"It affects 2 products.","exploited":"There is no known exploitation of CVE-2025-39691 in the wild and no public exploit code.","fix":"Apply the vendor's patch.","what":"CVE-2025-39691 is a high-severity use after free vulnerability in Debian Debian Linux, published on 5 Sep 2025. It can only be exploited from the same machine or local network, with no action from the victim."},"fix_prompt":"Check this codebase for CVE-2025-39691 and fix it if it is affected.\n\nWhat it is: CVE-2025-39691 is a high-severity use after free vulnerability in Debian Debian Linux, published on 5 Sep 2025. It can only be exploited from the same machine or local network, with no action from the victim.\nExploitation: There is no known exploitation of CVE-2025-39691 in the wild and no public exploit code.\n\nAffected product: Debian Debian Linux. No package-level version data is available, so check the vendor advisory linked from the reference page.\n\nTask:\n1. Search the dependency manifests and lockfiles (for example package.json, package-lock.json, requirements.txt, poetry.lock, uv.lock, pom.xml, build.gradle, go.mod, Cargo.lock, Gemfile.lock) and any Dockerfiles for the affected packages, including transitive dependencies.\n2. If an affected version is in use, upgrade it to the fixed version for its release line with the project's package manager, so the lockfile is regenerated. Prefer the smallest upgrade that fixes it.\n3. If there is no fix, or the upgrade would break the build, do not guess: explain the risk and the safest workaround instead.\n4. Run the tests and summarise what changed and why.\n5. If nothing in the project is affected, say so and change nothing.\n\nReference: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2025-39691/ (Markdown: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2025-39691/index.md)","id":"CVE-2025-39691","markdown":"https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2025-39691/index.md","name":"CVE-2025-39691","record":{"aliases":["AZL-67019","AZL-73710","BELL-CVE-2025-39691","DEBIAN-CVE-2025-39691","GHSA-6684-j5cx-q9qw","ROOT-OS-DEBIAN-11-CVE-2025-39691","ROOT-OS-DEBIAN-12-CVE-2025-39691","ROOT-OS-DEBIAN-13-CVE-2025-39691","ROOT-OS-UBUNTU-2204-CVE-2025-39691","ROOT-OS-UBUNTU-2404-CVE-2025-39691","UBUNTU-CVE-2025-39691"],"analysis":{"component_type":"kernel","fix_type":"patch","impacts":["denial_of_service","code_execution"],"network_reachable":"adjacent_or_local","non_default_config":false,"product_category":"Linux kernel","requires_auth":"low_privilege","summary":"A use-after-free in the Linux kernel's buffer handling during NTFS3 mount can cause a stack overrun, leading to system crashes or potential code execution.","user_interaction":"not_required","vuln_class":"use_after_free"},"analysis_generated_by":"qwen3.8-flash-next","assigner":"Linux","cpe":[{"product":"debian_linux","vendor":"debian"},{"product":"linux_kernel","vendor":"linux"}],"cvss":{"score":7.8,"severity":"high","source":"cna","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H","version":"3.1"},"cwes":[{"id":"CWE-416","name":"Use After Free"}],"description":"In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nfs/buffer: fix use-after-free when call bh_read() helper\n\nThere's issue as follows:\nBUG: KASAN: stack-out-of-bounds in end_buffer_read_sync+0xe3/0x110\nRead of size 8 at addr ffffc9000168f7f8 by task swapper/3/0\nCPU: 3 UID: 0 PID: 0 Comm: swapper/3 Not tainted 6.16.0-862.14.0.6.x86_64\nHardware name: QEMU Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996)\nCall Trace:\n \u003cIRQ\u003e\n dump_stack_lvl+0x55/0x70\n print_address_description.constprop.0+0x2c/0x390\n print_report+0xb4/0x270\n kasan_report+0xb8/0xf0\n end_buffer_read_sync+0xe3/0x110\n end_bio_bh_io_sync+0x56/0x80\n blk_update_request+0x30a/0x720\n scsi_end_request+0x51/0x2b0\n scsi_io_completion+0xe3/0x480\n ? scsi_device_unbusy+0x11e/0x160\n blk_complete_reqs+0x7b/0x90\n handle_softirqs+0xef/0x370\n irq_exit_rcu+0xa5/0xd0\n sysvec_apic_timer_interrupt+0x6e/0x90\n \u003c/IRQ\u003e\n\n Above issue happens when do ntfs3 filesystem mount, issue may happens\n as follows:\n           mount                            IRQ\nntfs_fill_super\n  read_cache_page\n    do_read_cache_folio\n      filemap_read_folio\n        mpage_read_folio\n\t do_mpage_readpage\n\t  ntfs_get_block_vbo\n\t   bh_read\n\t     submit_bh\n\t     wait_on_buffer(bh);\n\t                            blk_complete_reqs\n\t\t\t\t     scsi_io_completion\n\t\t\t\t      scsi_end_request\n\t\t\t\t       blk_update_request\n\t\t\t\t        end_bio_bh_io_sync\n\t\t\t\t\t end_buffer_read_sync\n\t\t\t\t\t  __end_buffer_read_notouch\n\t\t\t\t\t   unlock_buffer\n\n            wait_on_buffer(bh);--\u003e return will return to caller\n\n\t\t\t\t\t  put_bh\n\t\t\t\t\t    --\u003e trigger stack-out-of-bounds\nIn the mpage_read_folio() function, the stack variable 'map_bh' is\npassed to ntfs_get_block_vbo(). Once unlock_buffer() unlocks and\nwait_on_buffer() returns to continue processing, the stack variable\nis likely to be reclaimed. Consequently, during the end_buffer_read_sync()\nprocess, calling put_bh() may result in stack overrun.\n\nIf the bh is not allocated on the stack, it belongs to a folio.  Freeing\na buffer head which belongs to a folio is done by drop_buffers() which\nwill fail to free buffers which are still locked.  So it is safe to call\nput_bh() before __end_buffer_read_notouch().","ecosystems":[],"exploits":{"exploitdb":0,"first_seen":null,"github_poc":0,"max_poc_stars":null,"metasploit":0,"nuclei":0,"refs":[],"tier":"none_known"},"has_fix":true,"headline":"fs/buffer: fix use-after-free when call bh_read() helper","id":"CVE-2025-39691","indexable":true,"kev":null,"kind":"cve","links":{"ecosystem":null,"product":"debian:debian_linux","products":["debian:debian_linux","linux:linux_kernel"],"type":"use_after_free","year":"2025"},"n_packages":0,"n_references":8,"next":{"headline":"smb: server: split ksmbd_rdma_stop_listening() out of ksmbd_rdma_destroy()","id":"CVE-2025-39692"},"packages":[],"prev":{"headline":"iio: accel: sca3300: fix uninitialized iio scan data","id":"CVE-2025-39690"},"products":["Linux"],"published":"2025-09-05","related":[{"cvss_score":10,"headline":"ProFTPD Improper Access Control","id":"CVE-2015-3306","kev_date_added":"2026-10-08","published":"2015-05-18"},{"cvss_score":9.9,"headline":"RoundCube Webmail Deserialization of Untrusted Data","id":"CVE-2025-49113","kev_date_added":"2026-02-20","published":"2025-06-02"},{"cvss_score":9.8,"headline":"GNU InetUtils Argument Injection","id":"CVE-2026-24061","kev_date_added":"2026-01-26","published":"2026-01-21"},{"cvss_score":9.8,"headline":"Linux Kernel Improper Check for Unusual or Exceptional Conditions","id":"CVE-2025-39682","kev_date_added":"2026-09-18","published":"2025-09-05"},{"cvss_score":9.8,"headline":"Mozilla Firefox Use-After-Free","id":"CVE-2024-9680","kev_date_added":"2024-10-15","published":"2024-10-09"},{"cvss_score":9.8,"headline":"RARLAB UnRAR Directory Traversal","id":"CVE-2022-30333","kev_date_added":"2022-08-09","published":"2022-05-09"},{"cvss_score":9.8,"headline":"Roundcube Webmail SQL Injection","id":"CVE-2021-44026","kev_date_added":"2023-06-22","published":"2021-11-19"}],"sources":[{"class":"attribution","licence":"CVE Terms of Use (MITRE)","name":"CVE List","prefix":"CVE"},{"class":"attribution","licence":"US public information, NVD API terms","name":"NVD"},{"class":"attribution","licence":"CWE Terms of Use","name":"CWE (MITRE)"},{"class":"attribution","licence":"FIRST CVSS licence","name":"CVSS (FIRST)"}],"ssvc":{"automatable":"no","exploitation":"none","technical_impact":"total"},"state":"PUBLISHED","updated":"2026-10-15","vendors":["Linux"]},"summary":"A use-after-free in the Linux kernel's buffer handling during NTFS3 mount can cause a stack overrun, leading to system crashes or potential code execution.","url":"https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2025-39691/"}