# CVE-2025-39775: mm/mremap: fix WARN with uffd that has remap events disabled

> A local attacker can trigger a kernel warning and potential instability by using mremap on a VMA with userfaultfd, causing a denial of service.

- **Severity:** Medium 5.5 (`CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H`)
- **Exploited in the wild:** Not known
- **Login needed:** Any signed-in user
- **Attackable:** Local or same network only
- **Victim action needed:** Not needed
- **Fix available:** Yes
- **Published:** 11 Sep 2025
- **Updated:** 21 Oct 2026
- **Also known as:** BELL-CVE-2025-39775, DEBIAN-CVE-2025-39775, GHSA-mj2f-v2cm-g63m, ROOT-OS-DEBIAN-13-CVE-2025-39775, UBUNTU-CVE-2025-39775

## What is CVE-2025-39775?

CVE-2025-39775 is a medium-severity denial of service vulnerability in Linux kernel, published on 11 Sep 2025. It can only be exploited from the same machine or local network, with no action from the victim.

### Official description

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

mm/mremap: fix WARN with uffd that has remap events disabled

Registering userfaultd on a VMA that spans at least one PMD and then
mremap()'ing that VMA can trigger a WARN when recovering from a failed
page table move due to a page table allocation error.

The code ends up doing the right thing (recurse, avoiding moving actual
page tables), but triggering that WARN is unpleasant:

WARNING: CPU: 2 PID: 6133 at mm/mremap.c:357 move_normal_pmd mm/mremap.c:357 [inline]
WARNING: CPU: 2 PID: 6133 at mm/mremap.c:357 move_pgt_entry mm/mremap.c:595 [inline]
WARNING: CPU: 2 PID: 6133 at mm/mremap.c:357 move_page_tables+0x3832/0x44a0 mm/mremap.c:852
Modules linked in:
CPU: 2 UID: 0 PID: 6133 Comm: syz.0.19 Not tainted 6.17.0-rc1-syzkaller-00004-g53e760d89498 #0 PREEMPT(full)
Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (Q35 + ICH9, 2009), BIOS 1.16.3-debian-1.16.3-2~bpo12+1 04/01/2014
RIP: 0010:move_normal_pmd mm/mremap.c:357 [inline]
RIP: 0010:move_pgt_entry mm/mremap.c:595 [inline]
RIP: 0010:move_page_tables+0x3832/0x44a0 mm/mremap.c:852
Code: ...
RSP: 0018:ffffc900037a76d8 EFLAGS: 00010293
RAX: 0000000000000000 RBX: 0000000032930007 RCX: ffffffff820c6645
RDX: ffff88802e56a440 RSI: ffffffff820c7201 RDI: 0000000000000007
RBP: ffff888037728fc0 R08: 0000000000000007 R09: 0000000000000000
R10: 0000000032930007 R11: 0000000000000000 R12: 0000000000000000
R13: ffffc900037a79a8 R14: 0000000000000001 R15: dffffc0000000000
FS:  000055556316a500(0000) GS:ffff8880d68bc000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000
CS:  0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033
CR2: 0000001b30863fff CR3: 0000000050171000 CR4: 0000000000352ef0
Call Trace:
 <TASK>
 copy_vma_and_data+0x468/0x790 mm/mremap.c:1215
 move_vma+0x548/0x1780 mm/mremap.c:1282
 mremap_to+0x1b7/0x450 mm/mremap.c:1406
 do_mremap+0xfad/0x1f80 mm/mremap.c:1921
 __do_sys_mremap+0x119/0x170 mm/mremap.c:1977
 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:63 [inline]
 do_syscall_64+0xcd/0x4c0 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:94
 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f
RIP: 0033:0x7f00d0b8ebe9
Code: ...
RSP: 002b:00007ffe5ea5ee98 EFLAGS: 00000246 ORIG_RAX: 0000000000000019
RAX: ffffffffffffffda RBX: 00007f00d0db5fa0 RCX: 00007f00d0b8ebe9
RDX: 0000000000400000 RSI: 0000000000c00000 RDI: 0000200000000000
RBP: 00007ffe5ea5eef0 R08: 0000200000c00000 R09: 0000000000000000
R10: 0000000000000003 R11: 0000000000000246 R12: 0000000000000002
R13: 00007f00d0db5fa0 R14: 00007f00d0db5fa0 R15: 0000000000000005
 </TASK>

The underlying issue is that we recurse during the original page table
move, but not during the recovery move.

Fix it by checking for both VMAs and performing the check before the
pmd_none() sanity check.

Add a new helper where we perform+document that check for the PMD and PUD
level.

Thanks to Harry for bisecting.

## Which versions are affected by CVE-2025-39775?

It affects 1 product.


Products: Linux kernel.

## How do I fix CVE-2025-39775?

Apply the vendor's patch.

## Is CVE-2025-39775 being exploited?

There is no known exploitation of CVE-2025-39775 in the wild and no public exploit code.

## Other vulnerabilities in Linux kernel

- [CVE-2026-53266](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2026-53266/): Linux Kernel Out-of-Bounds Write (high 8.8, exploited in the wild)
- [CVE-2013-6282](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2013-6282/): Linux Kernel Improper Input Validation (high 8.8, exploited in the wild)
- [CVE-2022-0185](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2022-0185/): Linux Kernel Heap-Based Buffer Overflow (high 8.4, exploited in the wild)
- [CVE-2013-2094](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2013-2094/): Linux Kernel Privilege Escalation (high 8.4, exploited in the wild)
- [CVE-2026-53362](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2026-53362/): Linux Kernel Unspecified (high 7.8, exploited in the wild)

## Fix prompt for AI coding agents

```text
Check this codebase for CVE-2025-39775 and fix it if it is affected.

What it is: CVE-2025-39775 is a medium-severity denial of service vulnerability in Linux kernel, published on 11 Sep 2025. It can only be exploited from the same machine or local network, with no action from the victim.
Exploitation: There is no known exploitation of CVE-2025-39775 in the wild and no public exploit code.

Affected product: Linux kernel. No package-level version data is available, so check the vendor advisory linked from the reference page.

Task:
1. Search the dependency manifests and lockfiles (for example package.json, package-lock.json, requirements.txt, poetry.lock, uv.lock, pom.xml, build.gradle, go.mod, Cargo.lock, Gemfile.lock) and any Dockerfiles for the affected packages, including transitive dependencies.
2. If an affected version is in use, upgrade it to the fixed version for its release line with the project's package manager, so the lockfile is regenerated. Prefer the smallest upgrade that fixes it.
3. If there is no fix, or the upgrade would break the build, do not guess: explain the risk and the safest workaround instead.
4. Run the tests and summarise what changed and why.
5. If nothing in the project is affected, say so and change nothing.

Reference: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2025-39775/ (Markdown: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2025-39775/index.md)
```

## Sources

- CVE record: https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-39775
- NVD: https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-39775
- OSV: https://osv.dev/vulnerability/CVE-2025-39775

---
From sbomify Insights: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2025-39775/
Summaries are generated and may contain mistakes; the official description above is the record.