CVE-2025-40099 cifs: parse_dfs_referrals: prevent oob on malformed input

Critical 9.4 Published Updated

A malicious SMB server can trigger an out-of-bounds memory access in the Linux kernel CIFS module via malformed DFS referral replies, potentially causing crashes or code execution.

Exploited in the wild
Not known
Login needed
Not needed
Attackable
Over the internet
Victim action needed
Not needed
Fix
Available

What is CVE-2025-40099?

CVE-2025-40099 is a critical memory corruption vulnerability in Linux, published on 30 Oct 2025. An attacker can exploit it over the internet without logging in, with no action from the victim.

Official description

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

cifs: parse_dfs_referrals: prevent oob on malformed input

Malicious SMB server can send invalid reply to FSCTL_DFS_GET_REFERRALS

- reply smaller than sizeof(struct get_dfs_referral_rsp) - reply with number of referrals smaller than NumberOfReferrals in the header

Processing of such replies will cause oob.

Return -EINVAL error on such replies to prevent oob-s.

Which versions are affected by CVE-2025-40099?

How do I fix CVE-2025-40099?

Apply the vendor's patch.

Upgrade to the fixed version. Memory-safe languages, compiler hardening and fuzzing prevent most new cases. More about Memory corruption.

Is CVE-2025-40099 being exploited?

There is no known exploitation of CVE-2025-40099 in the wild and no public exploit code.

Sources

Also known as AZL-69436, BELL-CVE-2025-40099, DEBIAN-CVE-2025-40099, GHSA-58x9-22gw-84q7, ROOT-OS-DEBIAN-11-CVE-2025-40099, ROOT-OS-DEBIAN-13-CVE-2025-40099 and 3 more.

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