CVE-2025-4382 Grub2: grub allow access to encrypted device through cli once root device is unlocked via tpm
Attackers with physical access can bypass authentication and access encrypted data by corrupting the filesystem to force GRUB into rescue mode with keys loaded.
- Exploited in the wild
- Not known
- Login needed
- Any signed-in user
- Attackable
- Local or same network only
- Victim action needed
- Not needed
- Fix
- Available
What is CVE-2025-4382?
CVE-2025-4382 is a medium-severity authentication bypass vulnerability in Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10, published on 9 May 2025. It can only be exploited from the same machine or local network, with no action from the victim.
Official description
A flaw was found in systems utilizing LUKS-encrypted disks with GRUB configured for TPM-based auto-decryption. When GRUB is set to automatically decrypt disks using keys stored in the TPM, it reads the decryption key into system memory. If an attacker with physical access can corrupt the underlying filesystem superblock, GRUB will fail to locate a valid filesystem and enter rescue mode. At this point, the disk is already decrypted, and the decryption key remains loaded in system memory. This scenario may allow an attacker with physical access to access the unencrypted data without any further authentication, thereby compromising data confidentiality. Furthermore, the ability to force this state through filesystem corruption also presents a data integrity concern.
Weakness: CWE-306
Which versions are affected by CVE-2025-4382?
Linux distribution packages (6)
grub2 SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Basesystem 15 SP6 | All versions | 2.12-150600.8.27.1 |
grub2 SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Basesystem 15 SP7 | All versions | 2.12-150700.19.3.1 |
grub2 SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Server Applications 15 SP6 | All versions | 2.12-150600.8.27.1 |
grub2 SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Server Applications 15 SP7 | All versions | 2.12-150700.19.3.1 |
grub2 openSUSE:Leap 15.6 | All versions | 2.12-150600.8.27.1 |
grub2 openSUSE:Tumbleweed | All versions | 2.12-50.1 |
How do I fix CVE-2025-4382?
Apply the vendor's patch.
Upgrade, and rotate credentials and sessions that may have been exposed. More about Authentication bypass.
Is CVE-2025-4382 being exploited?
There is no known exploitation of CVE-2025-4382 in the wild and no public exploit code.
Sources
Also known as DEBIAN-CVE-2025-4382, GHSA-4h4m-5x9g-8whv, SUSE-SU-2025:01615-1, SUSE-SU-2025:01747-1, UBUNTU-CVE-2025-4382, openSUSE-SU-2025:15085-1.