# CVE-2025-4382: Grub2: grub allow access to encrypted device through cli once root device is unlocked via tpm

> Attackers with physical access can bypass authentication and access encrypted data by corrupting the filesystem to force GRUB into rescue mode with keys loaded.

- **Severity:** Medium 5.9 (`CVSS:3.1/AV:P/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N`)
- **Exploited in the wild:** Not known
- **Login needed:** Any signed-in user
- **Attackable:** Local or same network only
- **Victim action needed:** Not needed
- **Fix available:** Yes
- **Published:** 9 May 2025
- **Updated:** 1 Sep 2026
- **Also known as:** DEBIAN-CVE-2025-4382, GHSA-4h4m-5x9g-8whv, SUSE-SU-2025:01615-1, SUSE-SU-2025:01747-1, UBUNTU-CVE-2025-4382, openSUSE-SU-2025:15085-1

## What is CVE-2025-4382?

CVE-2025-4382 is a medium-severity authentication bypass vulnerability in Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10, published on 9 May 2025. It can only be exploited from the same machine or local network, with no action from the victim.

### Official description

A flaw was found in systems utilizing LUKS-encrypted disks with GRUB configured for TPM-based auto-decryption. When GRUB is set to automatically decrypt disks using keys stored in the TPM, it reads the decryption key into system memory. If an attacker with physical access can corrupt the underlying filesystem superblock, GRUB will fail to locate a valid filesystem and enter rescue mode. At this point, the disk is already decrypted, and the decryption key remains loaded in system memory. This scenario may allow an attacker with physical access to access the unencrypted data without any further authentication, thereby compromising data confidentiality. Furthermore, the ability to force this state through filesystem corruption also presents a data integrity concern.

Weakness: CWE-306 (Missing Authentication for Critical Functionality)

## Which versions are affected by CVE-2025-4382?


| Package | Ecosystem | Affected | Fixed in |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| `grub2` | SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Basesystem 15 SP6 | All versions | 2.12-150600.8.27.1 |
| `grub2` | SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Basesystem 15 SP7 | All versions | 2.12-150700.19.3.1 |
| `grub2` | SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Server Applications 15 SP6 | All versions | 2.12-150600.8.27.1 |
| `grub2` | SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Server Applications 15 SP7 | All versions | 2.12-150700.19.3.1 |
| `grub2` | openSUSE:Leap 15.6 | All versions | 2.12-150600.8.27.1 |
| `grub2` | openSUSE:Tumbleweed | All versions | 2.12-50.1 |

## How do I fix CVE-2025-4382?

Apply the vendor's patch.

## Is CVE-2025-4382 being exploited?

There is no known exploitation of CVE-2025-4382 in the wild and no public exploit code.

## Fix prompt for AI coding agents

```text
Check this codebase for CVE-2025-4382 and fix it if it is affected.

What it is: CVE-2025-4382 is a medium-severity authentication bypass vulnerability in Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10, published on 9 May 2025. It can only be exploited from the same machine or local network, with no action from the victim.
Exploitation: There is no known exploitation of CVE-2025-4382 in the wild and no public exploit code.

Affected product: Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10. No package-level version data is available, so check the vendor advisory linked from the reference page.

Task:
1. Search the dependency manifests and lockfiles (for example package.json, package-lock.json, requirements.txt, poetry.lock, uv.lock, pom.xml, build.gradle, go.mod, Cargo.lock, Gemfile.lock) and any Dockerfiles for the affected packages, including transitive dependencies.
2. If an affected version is in use, upgrade it to the fixed version for its release line with the project's package manager, so the lockfile is regenerated. Prefer the smallest upgrade that fixes it.
3. If there is no fix, or the upgrade would break the build, do not guess: explain the risk and the safest workaround instead.
4. Run the tests and summarise what changed and why.
5. If nothing in the project is affected, say so and change nothing.

Reference: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2025-4382/ (Markdown: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2025-4382/index.md)
```

## Sources

- CVE record: https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-4382
- NVD: https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-4382
- OSV: https://osv.dev/vulnerability/CVE-2025-4382

---
From sbomify Insights: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2025-4382/
Summaries are generated and may contain mistakes; the official description above is the record.