# CVE-2025-45931: Command injection in n/a

> Remote attackers can execute arbitrary code on D-Link DIR-816 routers via a command injection vulnerability in the goahead binary.

- **Severity:** Critical 9.8 (`CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H`)
- **Exploited in the wild:** Not known
- **Login needed:** Not needed
- **Attackable:** Over the internet
- **Victim action needed:** Not needed
- **Fix available:** No
- **Published:** 30 Jun 2025
- **Updated:** 5 Jul 2026
- **Also known as:** GHSA-9jfw-xxf9-x4vw

## What is CVE-2025-45931?

CVE-2025-45931 is a critical command injection vulnerability in Dlink Dir-816 Firmware, published on 30 Jun 2025. An attacker can exploit it over the internet without logging in, with no action from the victim.

### Official description

An issue D-Link DIR-816-A2 DIR-816A2_FWv1.10CNB05_R1B011D88210 allows a remote attacker to execute arbitrary code via system() function in the bin/goahead file

Weakness: CWE-77 (Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command)

## Which versions are affected by CVE-2025-45931?

It affects 1 product.


Products: Dlink Dir-816 Firmware.

## How do I fix CVE-2025-45931?

No fix has been published for CVE-2025-45931 yet. Limit exposure of the affected software until one is available.

## Is CVE-2025-45931 being exploited?

It is not confirmed as exploited in the wild, but public exploit code for CVE-2025-45931 exists.

## Other vulnerabilities in Dlink Dir-816 Firmware

- [CVE-2024-57684](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2024-57684/): Missing authorization in n/a (critical 9.8)
- [CVE-2023-24331](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2023-24331/): Command injection in n/a (critical 9.8)
- [CVE-2024-24321](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2024-24321/): Command injection in n/a (critical 9.8)
- [CVE-2023-39637](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2023-39637/): Command injection in n/a (critical 9.8)
- [CVE-2022-42998](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2022-42998/): Memory corruption in n/a (critical 9.8)

## Fix prompt for AI coding agents

```text
Check this codebase for CVE-2025-45931 and fix it if it is affected.

What it is: CVE-2025-45931 is a critical command injection vulnerability in Dlink Dir-816 Firmware, published on 30 Jun 2025. An attacker can exploit it over the internet without logging in, with no action from the victim.
Exploitation: It is not confirmed as exploited in the wild, but public exploit code for CVE-2025-45931 exists.

Affected product: Dlink Dir-816 Firmware. No package-level version data is available, so check the vendor advisory linked from the reference page.

Task:
1. Search the dependency manifests and lockfiles (for example package.json, package-lock.json, requirements.txt, poetry.lock, uv.lock, pom.xml, build.gradle, go.mod, Cargo.lock, Gemfile.lock) and any Dockerfiles for the affected packages, including transitive dependencies.
2. If an affected version is in use, upgrade it to the fixed version for its release line with the project's package manager, so the lockfile is regenerated. Prefer the smallest upgrade that fixes it.
3. If there is no fix, or the upgrade would break the build, do not guess: explain the risk and the safest workaround instead.
4. Run the tests and summarise what changed and why.
5. If nothing in the project is affected, say so and change nothing.

Reference: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2025-45931/ (Markdown: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2025-45931/index.md)
```

## Sources

- CVE record: https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-45931
- NVD: https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-45931
- OSV: https://osv.dev/vulnerability/CVE-2025-45931

---
From sbomify Insights: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2025-45931/
Summaries are generated and may contain mistakes; the official description above is the record.