{"answers":{"affected":"It affects 1 product.","exploited":"There is no known exploitation of CVE-2025-48372 in the wild and no public exploit code.","fix":"No fix has been published for CVE-2025-48372 yet. Limit exposure of the affected software until one is available.","what":"CVE-2025-48372 is a medium-severity vulnerability in schule111 Schule, published on 22 May 2025. An attacker can exploit it over the internet without logging in, with no action from the victim."},"fix_prompt":"Check this codebase for CVE-2025-48372 and fix it if it is affected.\n\nWhat it is: CVE-2025-48372 is a medium-severity vulnerability in schule111 Schule, published on 22 May 2025. An attacker can exploit it over the internet without logging in, with no action from the victim.\nExploitation: There is no known exploitation of CVE-2025-48372 in the wild and no public exploit code.\n\nAffected product: schule111 Schule. No package-level version data is available, so check the vendor advisory linked from the reference page.\n\nTask:\n1. Search the dependency manifests and lockfiles (for example package.json, package-lock.json, requirements.txt, poetry.lock, uv.lock, pom.xml, build.gradle, go.mod, Cargo.lock, Gemfile.lock) and any Dockerfiles for the affected packages, including transitive dependencies.\n2. If an affected version is in use, upgrade it to the fixed version for its release line with the project's package manager, so the lockfile is regenerated. Prefer the smallest upgrade that fixes it.\n3. If there is no fix, or the upgrade would break the build, do not guess: explain the risk and the safest workaround instead.\n4. Run the tests and summarise what changed and why.\n5. If nothing in the project is affected, say so and change nothing.\n\nReference: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2025-48372/ (Markdown: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2025-48372/index.md)","id":"CVE-2025-48372","markdown":"https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2025-48372/index.md","name":"CVE-2025-48372","record":{"aliases":["GHSA-6c48-67xx-vqgc"],"analysis":{"component_type":"web_application","fix_type":"upgrade","impacts":["account_takeover"],"network_reachable":"yes","non_default_config":false,"product_category":"School management system","requires_auth":"none","summary":"Attackers can brute-force short 4-digit OTPs to bypass authentication and take over accounts in the Schule school management system.","user_interaction":"not_required","vuln_class":"weak_cryptography"},"analysis_generated_by":"qwen3.8-flash-next","assigner":"GitHub_M","cpe":[{"product":"schule_school_management_system","vendor":"schule111"}],"cvss":{"score":6.6,"severity":"medium","source":"cna","vector":"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:U","version":"4.0"},"cwes":[{"id":"CWE-521","name":"Weak Password Requirements"}],"description":"Schule is open-source school management system software. The generateOTP() function generates a 4-digit numeric One-Time Password (OTP). Prior to version 1.0.1, even if a secure random number generator is used, the short length and limited range (1000–9999) results in only 9000 possible combinations. This small keyspace makes the OTP highly vulnerable to brute-force attacks, especially in the absence of strong rate-limiting or lockout mechanisms. Version 1.0.1 fixes the issue.","ecosystems":[],"exploits":{"exploitdb":0,"first_seen":null,"github_poc":0,"max_poc_stars":null,"metasploit":0,"nuclei":0,"refs":[],"tier":"none_known"},"has_fix":false,"headline":"Schule Has Insecure OTP Length, is Susceptible to Brute-Force Attacks","id":"CVE-2025-48372","indexable":true,"kev":null,"kind":"cve","links":{"ecosystem":null,"product":null,"products":[],"type":"weak_cryptography","year":"2025"},"n_packages":0,"n_references":2,"next":{"headline":"Schule Has Client-Side Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) Bypass Vulnerability","id":"CVE-2025-48373"},"packages":[],"prev":{"headline":"OpenFGA Authorization Bypass","id":"CVE-2025-48371"},"products":["Schule"],"published":"2025-05-22","related":[{"cvss_score":6.6,"headline":"Schule Missing Rate Limiting on OTP Email Requests – Susceptible to Abuse \u0026 DoS","id":"CVE-2025-48375","kev_date_added":null,"published":"2025-05-23"},{"cvss_score":6.6,"headline":"Schule Has Client-Side Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) Bypass Vulnerability","id":"CVE-2025-48373","kev_date_added":null,"published":"2025-05-22"}],"sources":[{"class":"attribution","licence":"CVE Terms of Use (MITRE)","name":"CVE List","prefix":"CVE"},{"class":"attribution","licence":"US public information, NVD API terms","name":"NVD"},{"class":"attribution","licence":"CWE Terms of Use","name":"CWE (MITRE)"},{"class":"attribution","licence":"FIRST CVSS licence","name":"CVSS (FIRST)"}],"ssvc":{"automatable":"yes","exploitation":"none","technical_impact":"partial"},"state":"PUBLISHED","updated":"2025-05-23","vendors":["schule111"]},"summary":"Attackers can brute-force short 4-digit OTPs to bypass authentication and take over accounts in the Schule school management system.","url":"https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2025-48372/"}