{"answers":{"affected":"It affects 1 product.","exploited":"It is not confirmed as exploited in the wild, but public exploit code for CVE-2025-48375 exists.","fix":"No fix has been published for CVE-2025-48375 yet. Limit exposure of the affected software until one is available.","what":"CVE-2025-48375 is a medium-severity denial of service vulnerability in schule111 Schule, published on 23 May 2025. An attacker can exploit it over the internet without logging in, with no action from the victim."},"fix_prompt":"Check this codebase for CVE-2025-48375 and fix it if it is affected.\n\nWhat it is: CVE-2025-48375 is a medium-severity denial of service vulnerability in schule111 Schule, published on 23 May 2025. An attacker can exploit it over the internet without logging in, with no action from the victim.\nExploitation: It is not confirmed as exploited in the wild, but public exploit code for CVE-2025-48375 exists.\n\nAffected product: schule111 Schule. No package-level version data is available, so check the vendor advisory linked from the reference page.\n\nTask:\n1. Search the dependency manifests and lockfiles (for example package.json, package-lock.json, requirements.txt, poetry.lock, uv.lock, pom.xml, build.gradle, go.mod, Cargo.lock, Gemfile.lock) and any Dockerfiles for the affected packages, including transitive dependencies.\n2. If an affected version is in use, upgrade it to the fixed version for its release line with the project's package manager, so the lockfile is regenerated. Prefer the smallest upgrade that fixes it.\n3. If there is no fix, or the upgrade would break the build, do not guess: explain the risk and the safest workaround instead.\n4. Run the tests and summarise what changed and why.\n5. If nothing in the project is affected, say so and change nothing.\n\nReference: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2025-48375/ (Markdown: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2025-48375/index.md)","id":"CVE-2025-48375","markdown":"https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2025-48375/index.md","name":"CVE-2025-48375","record":{"aliases":[],"analysis":{"component_type":"web_application","fix_type":"upgrade","impacts":["denial_of_service"],"network_reachable":"yes","non_default_config":false,"product_category":"School management system","requires_auth":"none","summary":"Attackers can flood OTP emails due to missing rate limiting, causing denial of service or harassment in the Schule school management system.","user_interaction":"not_required","vuln_class":"denial_of_service"},"analysis_generated_by":"qwen3.8-flash-next","assigner":"GitHub_M","cpe":[{"product":"schule_school_management_system","vendor":"schule111"}],"cvss":{"score":6.6,"severity":"medium","source":"cna","vector":"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:U","version":"4.0"},"cwes":[{"id":"CWE-770","name":"Allocation of Resources Without Limits or Throttling"}],"description":"Schule is open-source school management system software. Prior to version 1.0.1, the file forgot_password.php (or equivalent endpoint responsible for email-based OTP generation) lacks proper rate limiting controls, allowing attackers to abuse the OTP request functionality. This vulnerability can be exploited to send an excessive number of OTP emails, leading to potential denial-of-service (DoS) conditions or facilitating user harassment through email flooding. Version 1.0.1 fixes the issue.","ecosystems":[],"exploits":{"exploitdb":0,"first_seen":null,"github_poc":0,"max_poc_stars":null,"metasploit":0,"nuclei":0,"refs":[],"tier":"weaponised"},"has_fix":null,"headline":"Schule Missing Rate Limiting on OTP Email Requests – Susceptible to Abuse \u0026 DoS","id":"CVE-2025-48375","indexable":true,"kev":null,"kind":"cve","links":{"ecosystem":null,"product":null,"products":[],"type":"denial_of_service","year":"2025"},"n_packages":0,"n_references":1,"next":{"headline":"Dnn.Platform's Site Import could use an external source with a crafted request","id":"CVE-2025-48376"},"packages":[],"prev":{"headline":"zot logs secrets","id":"CVE-2025-48374"},"products":["Schule"],"published":"2025-05-23","related":[{"cvss_score":6.6,"headline":"Schule Has Insecure OTP Length, is Susceptible to Brute-Force Attacks","id":"CVE-2025-48372","kev_date_added":null,"published":"2025-05-22"},{"cvss_score":6.6,"headline":"Schule Has Client-Side Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) Bypass Vulnerability","id":"CVE-2025-48373","kev_date_added":null,"published":"2025-05-22"}],"sources":[{"class":"attribution","licence":"CVE Terms of Use (MITRE)","name":"CVE List","prefix":"CVE"},{"class":"attribution","licence":"US public information, NVD API terms","name":"NVD"},{"class":"attribution","licence":"CWE Terms of Use","name":"CWE (MITRE)"},{"class":"attribution","licence":"FIRST CVSS licence","name":"CVSS (FIRST)"}],"ssvc":{"automatable":"yes","exploitation":"poc","technical_impact":"partial"},"state":"PUBLISHED","updated":"2025-05-23","vendors":["schule111"]},"summary":"Attackers can flood OTP emails due to missing rate limiting, causing denial of service or harassment in the Schule school management system.","url":"https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2025-48375/"}