CVE-2025-48734 Apache Commons BeanUtils: PropertyUtilsBean does not suppresses an enum's declaredClass property by default
Attackers can access enum class loaders via declaredClass property to execute arbitrary code if external input controls property paths.
- Exploited in the wild
- Not known
- Login needed
- Any signed-in user
- Attackable
- Over the internet
- Victim action needed
- Not needed
- Fix
- Available
What is CVE-2025-48734?
CVE-2025-48734 is a high-severity vulnerability in Apache Commons BeanUtils 1.x, published on 28 May 2025. Any signed-in user can exploit it over the network, with no action from the victim.
Official description
Improper Access Control vulnerability in Apache Commons.
A special BeanIntrospector class was added in version 1.9.2. This can be used to stop attackers from using the declared class property of Java enum objects to get access to the classloader. However this protection was not enabled by default. PropertyUtilsBean (and consequently BeanUtilsBean) now disallows declared class level property access by default.
Releases 1.11.0 and 2.0.0-M2 address a potential security issue when accessing enum properties in an uncontrolled way. If an application using Commons BeanUtils passes property paths from an external source directly to the getProperty() method of PropertyUtilsBean, an attacker can access the enum’s class loader via the “declaredClass” property available on all Java “enum” objects. Accessing the enum’s “declaredClass” allows remote attackers to access the ClassLoader and execute arbitrary code. The same issue exists with PropertyUtilsBean.getNestedProperty(). Starting in versions 1.11.0 and 2.0.0-M2 a special BeanIntrospector suppresses the “declaredClass” property. Note that this new BeanIntrospector is enabled by default, but you can disable it to regain the old behavior; see section 2.5 of the user's guide and the unit tests.
This issue affects Apache Commons BeanUtils 1.x before 1.11.0, and 2.x before 2.0.0-M2.Users of the artifact commons-beanutils:commons-beanutils
1.x are recommended to upgrade to version 1.11.0, which fixes the issue.
Users of the artifact org.apache.commons:commons-beanutils2
2.x are recommended to upgrade to version 2.0.0-M2, which fixes the issue.
Weakness: CWE-284
Which versions are affected by CVE-2025-48734?
4 open source packages ship an affected version, including org.apache.commons:commons-beanutils2 and commons-beanutils:commons-beanutils. It affects 1 product.
| Package | Affected | Fixed in |
|---|---|---|
org.apache.commons:commons-beanutils2 Maven | From 2.0.0-M1 | 2.0.0-M2 |
org.apache.commons:commons-beanutils2 Maven | From 2.0.0-M1 | 2.0.0-M2 |
commons-beanutils:commons-beanutils Maven | From 1.0 | 1.11.0 |
commons-beanutils:commons-beanutils Maven | From 1.0 | 1.11.0 |
Linux distribution packages (36)
apache-commons-beanutils AlmaLinux:10 | All versions | 1.9.4-21.el10_0 |
apache-commons-beanutils-javadoc AlmaLinux:10 | All versions | 1.9.4-21.el10_0 |
apache-commons-beanutils AlmaLinux:9 | All versions | 1.9.4-10.el9_6 |
apache-commons-beanutils Red Hat:enterprise_linux:10.0 | All versions | 0:1.9.4-21.el10_0 |
apache-commons-beanutils-javadoc Red Hat:enterprise_linux:10.0 | All versions | 0:1.9.4-21.el10_0 |
apache-commons-beanutils Red Hat:enterprise_linux:9::crb | All versions | 0:1.9.4-10.el9_6 |
eap7-apache-commons-beanutils Red Hat:jboss_enterprise_application_platform:7.4::el7 | All versions | 0:1.11.0-1.redhat_00001.1.el7eap |
eap7-apache-commons-beanutils Red Hat:jboss_enterprise_application_platform:7.4::el8 | All versions | 0:1.11.0-1.redhat_00001.1.el8eap |
eap7-apache-commons-beanutils Red Hat:jboss_enterprise_application_platform:7.4::el9 | All versions | 0:1.11.0-1.redhat_00001.1.el9eap |
jenkins Red Hat:ocp_tools:4.12::el8 | All versions | 0:2.516.2.1756902453-3.el8 |
jenkins-2-plugins Red Hat:ocp_tools:4.12::el8 | All versions | 0:4.12.1756902839-1.el8 |
jenkins Red Hat:ocp_tools:4.13::el8 | All versions | 0:2.516.2.1756902120-3.el8 |
jenkins-2-plugins Red Hat:ocp_tools:4.13::el8 | All versions | 0:4.13.1756901992-1.el8 |
jenkins Red Hat:ocp_tools:4.14::el8 | All versions | 0:2.516.2.1757087588-3.el8 |
jenkins-2-plugins Red Hat:ocp_tools:4.14::el8 | All versions | 0:4.14.1757087858-1.el8 |
jenkins Red Hat:ocp_tools:4.15::el8 | All versions | 0:2.516.2.1756738247-3.el8 |
jenkins-2-plugins Red Hat:ocp_tools:4.15::el8 | All versions | 0:4.15.1756735456-1.el8 |
jenkins Red Hat:ocp_tools:4.16::el9 | All versions | 0:2.516.2.1756733848-3.el9 |
jenkins-2-plugins Red Hat:ocp_tools:4.16::el9 | All versions | 0:4.16.1756734507-1.el9 |
jenkins Red Hat:ocp_tools:4.17::el9 | All versions | 0:2.516.2.1756732303-3.el9 |
jenkins-2-plugins Red Hat:ocp_tools:4.17::el9 | All versions | 0:4.17.1756732064-1.el9 |
jenkins Red Hat:ocp_tools:4.18::el9 | All versions | 0:2.516.2.1756731431-3.el9 |
jenkins-2-plugins Red Hat:ocp_tools:4.18::el9 | All versions | 0:4.18.1756731677-1.el9 |
jenkins Red Hat:ocp_tools:4.19::el9 | All versions | 0:2.516.2.1756903379-3.el9 |
jenkins-2-plugins Red Hat:ocp_tools:4.19::el9 | All versions | 0:4.19.1756901647-1.el9 |
apache-commons-beanutils Red Hat:rhel_els:7 | All versions | 0:1.8.3-15.el7_9.1 |
apache-commons-beanutils-javadoc Red Hat:rhel_els:7 | All versions | 0:1.8.3-15.el7_9.1 |
apache-commons-beanutils Red Hat:rhel_eus:9.4::crb | All versions | 0:1.9.4-9.el9_4.1 |
apache-commons-beanutils Rocky Linux:10 | All versions | 0:1.9.4-21.el10_0 |
apache-commons-beanutils Rocky Linux:9 | All versions | 0:1.9.4-10.el9_6 |
apache-commons-beanutils SUSE:Enterprise Storage 7.1 | All versions | 1.11.0-150200.3.9.1 |
apache-commons-beanutils SUSE:Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP3-LTSS | All versions | 1.11.0-150200.3.9.1 |
apache-commons-beanutils SUSE:Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP4-ESPOS | All versions | 1.11.0-150200.3.9.1 |
apache-commons-beanutils SUSE:Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP4-LTSS | All versions | 1.11.0-150200.3.9.1 |
apache-commons-beanutils SUSE:Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP5-ESPOS | All versions | 1.11.0-150200.3.9.1 |
apache-commons-beanutils SUSE:Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP5-LTSS | All versions | 1.11.0-150200.3.9.1 |
Products include Apache Commons Beanutils.
How do I fix CVE-2025-48734?
Upgrade org.apache.commons:commons-beanutils2 to 2.0.0-M2 or later.
Is CVE-2025-48734 being exploited?
It is not confirmed as exploited in the wild, but public exploit code for CVE-2025-48734 exists.
Public exploit code: 1 proofs of concept on GitHub.
Other vulnerabilities in Apache Commons BeanUtils 1.x
Sources
Also known as ALSA-2025:9114, ALSA-2025:9166, AZL-109472, CLEANSTART-2026-CD91859, CLEANSTART-2026-FV16777, CLSA-2025-1754006614 and 52 more.