CVE-2025-49581 XWiki allows remote code execution through default value of wiki macro wiki-type parameters

What is CVE-2025-49581?

CVE-2025-49581 is a high-severity code injection vulnerability in Xwiki Xwiki, published on 13 Jun 2025. Any signed-in user can exploit it over the network, with no action from the victim.

Official description

XWiki is a generic wiki platform. Any user with edit right on a page (could be the user's profile) can execute code (Groovy, Python, Velocity) with programming right by defining a wiki macro. This allows full access to the whole XWiki installation. The main problem is that if a wiki macro parameter allows wiki syntax, its default value is executed with the rights of the author of the document where it is used. This can be exploited by overriding a macro like the children macro that is used in a page that has programming right like the page XWiki.ChildrenMacro and thus allows arbitrary script macros. This vulnerability has been patched in XWiki 16.4.7, 16.10.3 and 17.0.0 by executing wiki parameters with the rights of the wiki macro's author when the parameter's value is the default value.

Weakness: CWE-94, CWE-270, CWE-250

Which versions are affected by CVE-2025-49581?

10 open source packages ship an affected version, including org.xwiki.platform:xwiki-platform-rendering-wikimacro-store. It affects 1 product.

Products include Xwiki Xwiki.

How do I fix CVE-2025-49581?

Upgrade org.xwiki.platform:xwiki-platform-rendering-wikimacro-store to a fixed version for your release line: 16.4.7, 16.10.3 or 17.0.0.

Upgrade, and never evaluate templates, expressions or code built from user input. More about Code injection.

Is CVE-2025-49581 being exploited?

There is no known exploitation of CVE-2025-49581 in the wild and no public exploit code.

Other vulnerabilities in Xwiki Xwiki

• CVE-2025-24893 XWiki Platform Eval Injection Exploited Critical 9.8
• CVE-2025-53836 XWiki Rendering is vulnerable to RCE attacks when processing nested macros Critical 10.0
• CVE-2024-55662 XWiki allows remote code execution through the extension sheet Critical 10.0
• CVE-2024-55877 XWiki allows remote code execution from account through macro descriptions and XWiki.XWikiSyntaxMacrosList Critical 10.0
• CVE-2024-37901 XWiki Platform vulnerable to remote code execution from account via SearchSuggestConfigSheet Critical 10.0

All Xwiki Xwiki vulnerabilities

Sources

• CVE record
• NVD
• OSV
• GitHub advisory
• How this page is made

Also known as GHSA-9875-cw22-f7cx.