{"answers":{"affected":"","exploited":"It is not confirmed as exploited in the wild, but public exploit code for CVE-2025-4960 exists.","fix":"No fix has been published for CVE-2025-4960 yet. Limit exposure of the affected software until one is available.","what":"CVE-2025-4960 is a high-severity vulnerability in EPSON Printer Controller Installer, published on 19 Feb 2026. It can only be exploited from the same machine or local network, with no action from the victim."},"fix_prompt":"Check this codebase for CVE-2025-4960 and fix it if it is affected.\n\nWhat it is: CVE-2025-4960 is a high-severity vulnerability in EPSON Printer Controller Installer, published on 19 Feb 2026. It can only be exploited from the same machine or local network, with no action from the victim.\nExploitation: It is not confirmed as exploited in the wild, but public exploit code for CVE-2025-4960 exists.\n\nAffected product: EPSON Printer Controller Installer. No package-level version data is available, so check the vendor advisory linked from the reference page.\n\nTask:\n1. Search the dependency manifests and lockfiles (for example package.json, package-lock.json, requirements.txt, poetry.lock, uv.lock, pom.xml, build.gradle, go.mod, Cargo.lock, Gemfile.lock) and any Dockerfiles for the affected packages, including transitive dependencies.\n2. If an affected version is in use, upgrade it to the fixed version for its release line with the project's package manager, so the lockfile is regenerated. Prefer the smallest upgrade that fixes it.\n3. If there is no fix, or the upgrade would break the build, do not guess: explain the risk and the safest workaround instead.\n4. Run the tests and summarise what changed and why.\n5. If nothing in the project is affected, say so and change nothing.\n\nReference: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2025-4960/ (Markdown: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2025-4960/index.md)","id":"CVE-2025-4960","markdown":"https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2025-4960/index.md","name":"CVE-2025-4960","record":{"aliases":["GHSA-m9vq-r8xh-f85j"],"analysis":{"component_type":"operating_system","fix_type":"patch","impacts":["code_execution","privilege_escalation"],"network_reachable":"adjacent_or_local","non_default_config":false,"product_category":"macOS printer driver","requires_auth":"low_privilege","summary":"Local attackers can escalate privileges to execute arbitrary commands or install system components via improper authorization checks in the EPSON printer installer helper tool.","user_interaction":"not_required","vuln_class":"privilege_escalation"},"analysis_generated_by":"qwen3.8-flash-next","assigner":"Pentraze","cpe":[],"cvss":{"score":7.8,"severity":"high","source":"cna","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H","version":"3.1"},"cwes":[{"id":"CWE-863","name":"Incorrect Authorization"}],"description":"The com.epson.InstallNavi.helper tool, deployed with the EPSON printer driver installer, contains a local privilege escalation vulnerability due to multiple flaws in its implementation. It fails to properly authenticate clients over the XPC protocol and does not correctly enforce macOS’s authorization model, exposing privileged functionality to untrusted users. Although it invokes the AuthorizationCopyRights API, it does so using overly permissive custom rights that it registers in the system’s authorization database (/var/db/auth.db).\n\nThese rights can be requested and granted by the authorization daemon to any local user, regardless of privilege level. As a result, an attacker can exploit the vulnerable service to perform privileged operations such as executing arbitrary commands or installing system components without requiring administrative credentials.","ecosystems":[],"exploits":{"exploitdb":0,"first_seen":"2026-10-29","github_poc":1,"max_poc_stars":0,"metasploit":0,"nuclei":0,"refs":[{"date":"2026-10-29T13:41:09Z","kind":"github_poc","ref":"https://github.com/CarlosG13/CVE-2025-4960","stars":0,"title":"Local Privilege Escalation via Improper Authorization Handling in EPSON Printer Controller Installer"}],"tier":"weaponised"},"has_fix":null,"headline":"macOS Local Privilege Escalation via Improper Authorization Handling in EPSON Printer Controller Installer","id":"CVE-2025-4960","indexable":true,"kev":null,"kind":"cve","links":{"ecosystem":null,"product":null,"products":[],"type":"privilege_escalation","year":"2025"},"n_packages":0,"n_references":2,"next":{"headline":"IDOR Vulnerability in Template Creation via `projectId` Manipulation in lunary-ai/lunary","id":"CVE-2025-4962"},"packages":[],"prev":{"headline":"WordPress ProfileGrid plugin \u003c= 5.9.5.7 - Reflected Cross Site Scripting (XSS) vulnerability","id":"CVE-2025-4957"},"products":["EPSON Printer Controller Installer"],"published":"2026-02-19","related":[],"sources":[{"class":"attribution","licence":"CVE Terms of Use (MITRE)","name":"CVE List","prefix":"CVE"},{"class":"attribution","licence":"CWE Terms of Use","name":"CWE (MITRE)"},{"class":"attribution","licence":"FIRST CVSS licence","name":"CVSS (FIRST)"},{"class":"open","licence":"CC0","name":"PoC-in-GitHub"}],"ssvc":{"automatable":"no","exploitation":"poc","technical_impact":"total"},"state":"PUBLISHED","updated":"2026-02-24","vendors":["EPSON"]},"summary":"Local attackers can escalate privileges to execute arbitrary commands or install system components via improper authorization checks in the EPSON printer installer helper tool.","url":"https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2025-4960/"}