{"answers":{"affected":"It affects 6 products.","exploited":"There is no known exploitation of CVE-2025-49688 in the wild and no public exploit code.","fix":"No fix has been published for CVE-2025-49688 yet. Limit exposure of the affected software until one is available.","what":"CVE-2025-49688 is a high-severity use after free vulnerability in Microsoft Windows Server 2012, published on 8 Jul 2025. An attacker can exploit it over the internet without logging in, and only if a user opens a file or follows a link."},"fix_prompt":"Check this codebase for CVE-2025-49688 and fix it if it is affected.\n\nWhat it is: CVE-2025-49688 is a high-severity use after free vulnerability in Microsoft Windows Server 2012, published on 8 Jul 2025. An attacker can exploit it over the internet without logging in, and only if a user opens a file or follows a link.\nExploitation: There is no known exploitation of CVE-2025-49688 in the wild and no public exploit code.\n\nAffected product: Microsoft Windows Server 2012. No package-level version data is available, so check the vendor advisory linked from the reference page.\n\nTask:\n1. Search the dependency manifests and lockfiles (for example package.json, package-lock.json, requirements.txt, poetry.lock, uv.lock, pom.xml, build.gradle, go.mod, Cargo.lock, Gemfile.lock) and any Dockerfiles for the affected packages, including transitive dependencies.\n2. If an affected version is in use, upgrade it to the fixed version for its release line with the project's package manager, so the lockfile is regenerated. Prefer the smallest upgrade that fixes it.\n3. If there is no fix, or the upgrade would break the build, do not guess: explain the risk and the safest workaround instead.\n4. Run the tests and summarise what changed and why.\n5. If nothing in the project is affected, say so and change nothing.\n\nReference: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2025-49688/ (Markdown: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2025-49688/index.md)","id":"CVE-2025-49688","markdown":"https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2025-49688/index.md","name":"CVE-2025-49688","record":{"aliases":["GHSA-fjff-r876-r378"],"analysis":{"component_type":"operating_system","fix_type":"patch","impacts":["code_execution"],"network_reachable":"yes","non_default_config":false,"product_category":"Windows Server RRAS","requires_auth":"none","summary":"An unauthorized attacker can execute arbitrary code over the network via a double free vulnerability in Windows RRAS.","user_interaction":"required","vuln_class":"use_after_free"},"analysis_generated_by":"qwen3.8-flash-next","assigner":"microsoft","cpe":[{"product":"windows_server_2012","vendor":"microsoft"},{"product":"windows_server_2016","vendor":"microsoft"},{"product":"windows_server_2019","vendor":"microsoft"},{"product":"windows_server_2022","vendor":"microsoft"},{"product":"windows_server_2022_23h2","vendor":"microsoft"},{"product":"windows_server_2025","vendor":"microsoft"}],"cvss":{"score":8.8,"severity":"high","source":"cna","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H/E:U/RL:O/RC:C","version":"3.1"},"cwes":[{"id":"CWE-415","name":"Double Free"}],"description":"Double free in Windows Routing and Remote Access Service (RRAS) allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code over a network.","ecosystems":[],"exploits":{"exploitdb":0,"first_seen":null,"github_poc":0,"max_poc_stars":null,"metasploit":0,"nuclei":0,"refs":[],"tier":"none_known"},"has_fix":null,"headline":"Windows Routing and Remote Access Service (RRAS) Remote Code Execution Vulnerability","id":"CVE-2025-49688","indexable":true,"kev":null,"kind":"cve","links":{"ecosystem":null,"product":"microsoft:windows_server_2012","products":["microsoft:windows_server_2012","microsoft:windows_server_2016","microsoft:windows_server_2019","microsoft:windows_server_2022","microsoft:windows_server_2022_23h2","microsoft:windows_server_2025"],"type":"use_after_free","year":"2025"},"n_packages":0,"n_references":1,"next":{"headline":"Microsoft Virtual Hard Disk Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability","id":"CVE-2025-49689"},"packages":[],"prev":{"headline":"Windows Input Method Editor (IME) Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability","id":"CVE-2025-49687"},"products":["Windows Server 2012 R2","Windows Server 2012 R2 (Server Core installation)","Windows Server 2016","Windows Server 2016 (Server Core installation)","Windows Server 2019","Windows Server 2019 (Server Core installation)","Windows Server 2022","Windows Server 2022, 23H2 Edition (Server Core installation)","Windows Server 2025","Windows Server 2025 (Server Core installation)"],"published":"2025-07-08","related":[{"cvss_score":9.8,"headline":"Microsoft Windows Server Update Service (WSUS) Deserialization of Untrusted Data","id":"CVE-2025-59287","kev_date_added":"2025-10-24","published":"2025-10-14"},{"cvss_score":9.8,"headline":"Windows Services for NFS ONCRPC XDR Driver Remote Code Execution Vulnerability","id":"CVE-2026-69595","kev_date_added":null,"published":"2026-09-08"},{"cvss_score":9.8,"headline":"Windows Services for NFS ONCRPC XDR Driver Remote Code Execution Vulnerability","id":"CVE-2026-78445","kev_date_added":null,"published":"2026-09-08"},{"cvss_score":9.8,"headline":"Windows Netlogon Remote Code Execution Vulnerability","id":"CVE-2026-41089","kev_date_added":null,"published":"2026-05-12"},{"cvss_score":9.8,"headline":"Windows KDC Proxy Remote Code Execution Vulnerability","id":"CVE-2024-43639","kev_date_added":null,"published":"2024-11-12"},{"cvss_score":9.8,"headline":"Windows Network File System Remote Code Execution Vulnerability","id":"CVE-2023-24941","kev_date_added":null,"published":"2023-05-09"},{"cvss_score":9.8,"headline":"Windows Network File System Remote Code Execution Vulnerability","id":"CVE-2022-30136","kev_date_added":null,"published":"2022-06-15"}],"sources":[{"class":"attribution","licence":"CVE Terms of Use (MITRE)","name":"CVE List","prefix":"CVE"},{"class":"attribution","licence":"US public information, NVD API terms","name":"NVD"},{"class":"attribution","licence":"CWE Terms of Use","name":"CWE (MITRE)"},{"class":"attribution","licence":"FIRST CVSS licence","name":"CVSS (FIRST)"}],"ssvc":{"automatable":"no","exploitation":"none","technical_impact":"total"},"state":"PUBLISHED","updated":"2026-02-26","vendors":["Microsoft"]},"summary":"An unauthorized attacker can execute arbitrary code over the network via a double free vulnerability in Windows RRAS.","url":"https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2025-49688/"}