# CVE-2025-50989: Command injection in OPNsense

> An authenticated administrator can inject shell commands via the Bridge Interface Edit endpoint, leading to remote code execution with root privileges.

- **Severity:** Critical 9.1 (`CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H`)
- **Exploited in the wild:** Not known
- **Login needed:** An administrator
- **Attackable:** Over the internet
- **Victim action needed:** Not needed
- **Fix available:** No
- **Published:** 27 Aug 2025
- **Updated:** 12 Sep 2025
- **Also known as:** GHSA-qf7f-cgq3-xfvh

## What is CVE-2025-50989?

CVE-2025-50989 is a critical command injection vulnerability in OPNsense, published on 27 Aug 2025. An attacker needs administrator access to exploit it, with no action from the victim.

### Official description

OPNsense before 25.1.8 contains an authenticated command injection vulnerability in its Bridge Interface Edit endpoint (interfaces_bridge_edit.php). The span POST parameter is concatenated into a system-level command without proper sanitization or escaping, allowing an administrator to inject arbitrary shell operators and payloads. Successful exploitation results in remote code execution with the privileges of the web service (typically root), potentially leading to full system compromise or lateral movement. This vulnerability arises from inadequate input validation and improper handling of user-supplied data in backend command invocations.

Weakness: CWE-77 (Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command), CWE-78 (Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command)

## Which versions are affected by CVE-2025-50989?

It affects 1 product.


Products: Opnsense Opnsense.

## How do I fix CVE-2025-50989?

No fix has been published for CVE-2025-50989 yet. Limit exposure of the affected software until one is available.

## Is CVE-2025-50989 being exploited?

It is not confirmed as exploited in the wild, but public exploit code for CVE-2025-50989 exists.

## Other vulnerabilities in OPNsense

- [CVE-2023-27152](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2023-27152/): Auth bypass in n/a (critical 9.8)
- [CVE-2023-39001](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2023-39001/): Command injection in n/a (critical 9.8)
- [CVE-2023-39004](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2023-39004/): Information disclosure in n/a (critical 9.8)
- [CVE-2023-39008](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2023-39008/): Command injection in n/a (critical 9.8)
- [CVE-2023-39007](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2023-39007/): Cross-site scripting in n/a (critical 9.6)

## Fix prompt for AI coding agents

```text
Check this codebase for CVE-2025-50989 and fix it if it is affected.

What it is: CVE-2025-50989 is a critical command injection vulnerability in OPNsense, published on 27 Aug 2025. An attacker needs administrator access to exploit it, with no action from the victim.
Exploitation: It is not confirmed as exploited in the wild, but public exploit code for CVE-2025-50989 exists.

Affected product: OPNsense. No package-level version data is available, so check the vendor advisory linked from the reference page.

Task:
1. Search the dependency manifests and lockfiles (for example package.json, package-lock.json, requirements.txt, poetry.lock, uv.lock, pom.xml, build.gradle, go.mod, Cargo.lock, Gemfile.lock) and any Dockerfiles for the affected packages, including transitive dependencies.
2. If an affected version is in use, upgrade it to the fixed version for its release line with the project's package manager, so the lockfile is regenerated. Prefer the smallest upgrade that fixes it.
3. If there is no fix, or the upgrade would break the build, do not guess: explain the risk and the safest workaround instead.
4. Run the tests and summarise what changed and why.
5. If nothing in the project is affected, say so and change nothing.

Reference: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2025-50989/ (Markdown: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2025-50989/index.md)
```

## Sources

- CVE record: https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-50989
- NVD: https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-50989
- OSV: https://osv.dev/vulnerability/CVE-2025-50989

---
From sbomify Insights: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2025-50989/
Summaries are generated and may contain mistakes; the official description above is the record.