# CVE-2025-52456: Integer overflow in SAIL Image Decoding Library

> An integer overflow in the SAIL library's WebP decoder allows remote code execution via a crafted animation file.

- **Severity:** High 8.8 (`CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H`)
- **Exploited in the wild:** Not known
- **Login needed:** Not needed
- **Attackable:** Over the internet
- **Victim action needed:** A user has to click or open something
- **Fix available:** Yes
- **Published:** 25 Aug 2025
- **Updated:** 3 Nov 2025
- **Also known as:** DEBIAN-CVE-2025-52456, GHSA-qpwf-mp3c-xfx7, UBUNTU-CVE-2025-52456

## What is CVE-2025-52456?

CVE-2025-52456 is a high-severity vulnerability in SAIL Image Decoding Library, published on 25 Aug 2025. An attacker can exploit it over the internet without logging in, and only if a user opens a file or follows a link.

### Official description

A memory corruption vulnerability exists in the WebP Image Decoding functionality of the SAIL Image Decoding Library v0.9.8. When loading a specially crafted .webp animation an integer overflow can be made to occur when calculating the stride for decoding. Afterwards, this will cause a heap-based buffer to overflow when decoding the image which can lead to remote code execution. An attacker will need to convince the library to read a file to trigger this vulnerability.

Weakness: CWE-680 (Integer Overflow to Buffer Overflow)

## Which versions are affected by CVE-2025-52456?

It affects 1 product.


Products: Sail Sail.

## How do I fix CVE-2025-52456?

Upgrade to a fixed version.

## Is CVE-2025-52456 being exploited?

It is not confirmed as exploited in the wild, but public exploit code for CVE-2025-52456 exists.

## Other vulnerabilities in SAIL Image Decoding Library

- [CVE-2026-27168](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2026-27168/): SAIL: Heap-based Buffer Overflow in Sail-codecs-xwd (high 8.8)
- [CVE-2025-32468](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2025-32468/): Integer overflow in SAIL Image Decoding Library (high 8.8)
- [CVE-2025-35984](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2025-35984/): Memory corruption in SAIL Image Decoding Library (high 8.8)
- [CVE-2025-46407](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2025-46407/): Integer overflow in SAIL Image Decoding Library (high 8.8)
- [CVE-2025-50129](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2025-50129/): Memory corruption in SAIL Image Decoding Library (high 8.8)

## Fix prompt for AI coding agents

```text
Check this codebase for CVE-2025-52456 and fix it if it is affected.

What it is: CVE-2025-52456 is a high-severity vulnerability in SAIL Image Decoding Library, published on 25 Aug 2025. An attacker can exploit it over the internet without logging in, and only if a user opens a file or follows a link.
Exploitation: It is not confirmed as exploited in the wild, but public exploit code for CVE-2025-52456 exists.

Affected product: SAIL Image Decoding Library. No package-level version data is available, so check the vendor advisory linked from the reference page.

Task:
1. Search the dependency manifests and lockfiles (for example package.json, package-lock.json, requirements.txt, poetry.lock, uv.lock, pom.xml, build.gradle, go.mod, Cargo.lock, Gemfile.lock) and any Dockerfiles for the affected packages, including transitive dependencies.
2. If an affected version is in use, upgrade it to the fixed version for its release line with the project's package manager, so the lockfile is regenerated. Prefer the smallest upgrade that fixes it.
3. If there is no fix, or the upgrade would break the build, do not guess: explain the risk and the safest workaround instead.
4. Run the tests and summarise what changed and why.
5. If nothing in the project is affected, say so and change nothing.

Reference: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2025-52456/ (Markdown: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2025-52456/index.md)
```

## Sources

- CVE record: https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-52456
- NVD: https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-52456
- OSV: https://osv.dev/vulnerability/CVE-2025-52456

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From sbomify Insights: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2025-52456/
Summaries are generated and may contain mistakes; the official description above is the record.