# CVE-2025-54426: Polkadot Frontier contains silent failure in Curve25519 arithmetic precompiles with malformed points

> Attackers can cause incorrect cryptographic results in Polkadot Frontier by submitting malformed Curve25519 points, bypassing intended validation checks.

- **Severity:** Critical 9.9 (`CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:H/SA:N`)
- **Exploited in the wild:** Not known
- **Login needed:** Not needed
- **Attackable:** Over the internet
- **Victim action needed:** Not needed
- **Fix available:** No
- **Published:** 28 Jul 2025
- **Updated:** 28 Jul 2025
- **Also known as:** GHSA-v4q3-23rh-w5mw

## What is CVE-2025-54426?

CVE-2025-54426 is a critical vulnerability in polkadot-evm frontier, published on 28 Jul 2025. An attacker can exploit it over the internet without logging in, with no action from the victim.

### Official description

Polkadot Frontier is an Ethereum and EVM compatibility layer for Polkadot and Substrate. In versions prior to commit 36f70d1, the Curve25519Add and Curve25519ScalarMul precompiles incorrectly handle invalid Ristretto point representations. Instead of returning an error, they silently treat invalid input bytes as the Ristretto identity element, leading to potentially incorrect cryptographic results. This is fixed in commit 36f70d1.

Weakness: CWE-327 (Use of a Broken or Risky Cryptographic Algorithm)

## Which versions are affected by CVE-2025-54426?


## How do I fix CVE-2025-54426?

No fix has been published for CVE-2025-54426 yet. Limit exposure of the affected software until one is available.

## Is CVE-2025-54426 being exploited?

There is no known exploitation of CVE-2025-54426 in the wild and no public exploit code.

## Fix prompt for AI coding agents

```text
Check this codebase for CVE-2025-54426 and fix it if it is affected.

What it is: CVE-2025-54426 is a critical vulnerability in polkadot-evm frontier, published on 28 Jul 2025. An attacker can exploit it over the internet without logging in, with no action from the victim.
Exploitation: There is no known exploitation of CVE-2025-54426 in the wild and no public exploit code.

Affected product: polkadot-evm frontier. No package-level version data is available, so check the vendor advisory linked from the reference page.

Task:
1. Search the dependency manifests and lockfiles (for example package.json, package-lock.json, requirements.txt, poetry.lock, uv.lock, pom.xml, build.gradle, go.mod, Cargo.lock, Gemfile.lock) and any Dockerfiles for the affected packages, including transitive dependencies.
2. If an affected version is in use, upgrade it to the fixed version for its release line with the project's package manager, so the lockfile is regenerated. Prefer the smallest upgrade that fixes it.
3. If there is no fix, or the upgrade would break the build, do not guess: explain the risk and the safest workaround instead.
4. Run the tests and summarise what changed and why.
5. If nothing in the project is affected, say so and change nothing.

Reference: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2025-54426/ (Markdown: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2025-54426/index.md)
```

## Sources

- CVE record: https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-54426
- NVD: https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-54426
- OSV: https://osv.dev/vulnerability/CVE-2025-54426

---
From sbomify Insights: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2025-54426/
Summaries are generated and may contain mistakes; the official description above is the record.