CVE-2025-54770 Grub2: use-after-free in net_set_vlan
An attacker can cause a system crash and denial of service by exploiting a use-after-free vulnerability in the GRUB2 network module.
- Exploited in the wild
- Not known
- Login needed
- Not needed
- Attackable
- Local or same network only
- Victim action needed
- Not needed
- Fix
- Available
What is CVE-2025-54770?
CVE-2025-54770 is a medium-severity use after free vulnerability in GNU Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10, published on 18 Nov 2025. It can only be exploited from the same machine or local network, with no action from the victim.
Official description
A vulnerability has been identified in the GRUB2 bootloader's network module that poses an immediate Denial of Service (DoS) risk. This flaw is a Use-after-Free issue, caused because the net_set_vlan command is not properly unregistered when the network module is unloaded from memory. An attacker who can execute this command can force the system to access memory locations that are no longer valid. Successful exploitation leads directly to system instability, which can result in a complete crash and halt system availability
Weakness: CWE-825
Which versions are affected by CVE-2025-54770?
How do I fix CVE-2025-54770?
Apply the vendor's patch.
Upgrade to the fixed version. These bugs are found with fuzzing and sanitisers and avoided by memory-safe languages. More about Use after free.
Is CVE-2025-54770 being exploited?
There is no known exploitation of CVE-2025-54770 in the wild and no public exploit code.
Sources
Also known as DEBIAN-CVE-2025-54770, GHSA-r6f8-x3mw-2qp5, UBUNTU-CVE-2025-54770.