CVE-2025-54771 Grub2: use-after-free in grub_file_close()
An attacker can exploit a use-after-free flaw in the GRUB bootloader to cause a system crash or potentially compromise data integrity and confidentiality.
- Exploited in the wild
- Not known
- Login needed
- Not needed
- Attackable
- Local or same network only
- Victim action needed
- Not needed
- Fix
- Available
What is CVE-2025-54771?
CVE-2025-54771 is a medium-severity use after free vulnerability in GNU Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10, published on 18 Nov 2025. It can only be exploited from the same machine or local network, with no action from the victim.
Official description
A use-after-free vulnerability has been identified in the GNU GRUB (Grand Unified Bootloader). The flaw occurs because the file-closing process incorrectly retains a memory pointer, leaving an invalid reference to a file system structure. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability to cause grub to crash, leading to a Denial of Service. Possible data integrity or confidentiality compromise is not discarded.
Weakness: CWE-825
Which versions are affected by CVE-2025-54771?
How do I fix CVE-2025-54771?
Apply the vendor's patch.
Upgrade to the fixed version. These bugs are found with fuzzing and sanitisers and avoided by memory-safe languages. More about Use after free.
Is CVE-2025-54771 being exploited?
There is no known exploitation of CVE-2025-54771 in the wild and no public exploit code.
Sources
Also known as DEBIAN-CVE-2025-54771, GHSA-5rr4-3f6q-m7hp, UBUNTU-CVE-2025-54771.