# CVE-2025-55231: Windows Storage-based Management Service Remote Code Execution Vulnerability

> An unauthorized attacker can execute code over a network via a race condition in the Windows Storage-based Management Service.

- **Severity:** High 7.5 (`CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H/E:U/RL:O/RC:C`)
- **Exploited in the wild:** Not known
- **Login needed:** Not needed
- **Attackable:** Over the internet
- **Victim action needed:** A user has to click or open something
- **Fix available:** No
- **Published:** 21 Aug 2025
- **Updated:** 26 Feb 2026
- **Also known as:** GHSA-cxxx-4vjm-mg8p

## What is CVE-2025-55231?

CVE-2025-55231 is a high-severity vulnerability in Microsoft Windows Server 2012, published on 21 Aug 2025. An attacker can exploit it over the internet without logging in, and only if a user opens a file or follows a link.

### Official description

Concurrent execution using shared resource with improper synchronization ('race condition') in Windows Storage allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code over a network.

Weakness: CWE-362 (Concurrent Execution using Shared Resource with Improper Synchronization)

## Which versions are affected by CVE-2025-55231?

It affects 5 products.


Products: Microsoft Windows Server 2012, Microsoft Windows Server 2016, Microsoft Windows Server 2019, Microsoft Windows Server 2022, Microsoft Windows Server 2025.

## How do I fix CVE-2025-55231?

No fix has been published for CVE-2025-55231 yet. Limit exposure of the affected software until one is available.

## Is CVE-2025-55231 being exploited?

There is no known exploitation of CVE-2025-55231 in the wild and no public exploit code.

## Other vulnerabilities in Microsoft Windows Server 2012

- [CVE-2025-59287](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2025-59287/): Microsoft Windows Server Update Service (WSUS) Deserialization of Untrusted Data (critical 9.8, exploited in the wild)
- [CVE-2026-69595](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2026-69595/): Windows Services for NFS ONCRPC XDR Driver Remote Code Execution Vulnerability (critical 9.8)
- [CVE-2026-78445](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2026-78445/): Windows Services for NFS ONCRPC XDR Driver Remote Code Execution Vulnerability (critical 9.8)
- [CVE-2026-41089](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2026-41089/): Windows Netlogon Remote Code Execution Vulnerability (critical 9.8)
- [CVE-2024-43639](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2024-43639/): Windows KDC Proxy Remote Code Execution Vulnerability (critical 9.8)

## Fix prompt for AI coding agents

```text
Check this codebase for CVE-2025-55231 and fix it if it is affected.

What it is: CVE-2025-55231 is a high-severity vulnerability in Microsoft Windows Server 2012, published on 21 Aug 2025. An attacker can exploit it over the internet without logging in, and only if a user opens a file or follows a link.
Exploitation: There is no known exploitation of CVE-2025-55231 in the wild and no public exploit code.

Affected product: Microsoft Windows Server 2012. No package-level version data is available, so check the vendor advisory linked from the reference page.

Task:
1. Search the dependency manifests and lockfiles (for example package.json, package-lock.json, requirements.txt, poetry.lock, uv.lock, pom.xml, build.gradle, go.mod, Cargo.lock, Gemfile.lock) and any Dockerfiles for the affected packages, including transitive dependencies.
2. If an affected version is in use, upgrade it to the fixed version for its release line with the project's package manager, so the lockfile is regenerated. Prefer the smallest upgrade that fixes it.
3. If there is no fix, or the upgrade would break the build, do not guess: explain the risk and the safest workaround instead.
4. Run the tests and summarise what changed and why.
5. If nothing in the project is affected, say so and change nothing.

Reference: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2025-55231/ (Markdown: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2025-55231/index.md)
```

## Sources

- CVE record: https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-55231
- NVD: https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-55231
- OSV: https://osv.dev/vulnerability/CVE-2025-55231

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From sbomify Insights: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2025-55231/
Summaries are generated and may contain mistakes; the official description above is the record.