# CVE-2025-59431: MapServer - WFS XML Filter Query SQL injection

> Attackers can manipulate backend database queries via SQL injection in MapServer's WFS XML Filter Query, potentially reading or modifying data.

- **Severity:** High 8.9 (`CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P`)
- **Exploited in the wild:** Not known
- **Login needed:** Not needed
- **Attackable:** Over the internet
- **Victim action needed:** Not needed
- **Fix available:** Yes
- **Published:** 19 Sep 2025
- **Updated:** 19 Sep 2025
- **Also known as:** DEBIAN-CVE-2025-59431, GHSA-256m-rx4h-r55w, UBUNTU-CVE-2025-59431

## What is CVE-2025-59431?

CVE-2025-59431 is a high-severity SQL injection vulnerability in MapServer, published on 19 Sep 2025. An attacker can exploit it over the internet without logging in, with no action from the victim.

### Official description

MapServer is a system for developing web-based GIS applications. Prior to 8.4.1, the XML Filter Query directive PropertyName is vulnerably to Boolean-based SQL injection. It seems like expression checking is bypassed by introducing double quote characters in the PropertyName. Allowing to manipulate backend database queries. This vulnerability is fixed in 8.4.1.

Weakness: CWE-89 (Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an SQL Command)

## Which versions are affected by CVE-2025-59431?

It affects 1 product.


Products: Osgeo Mapserver.

## How do I fix CVE-2025-59431?

Upgrade to a fixed version.

## Is CVE-2025-59431 being exploited?

It is not confirmed as exploited in the wild, but public exploit code for CVE-2025-59431 exists.

## Other vulnerabilities in MapServer

- [CVE-2010-2540](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2010-2540/): Security feature bypass in n/a (critical 10.0)
- [CVE-2009-2281](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2009-2281/): Memory corruption in n/a (critical 10.0)
- [CVE-2009-0839](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2009-0839/): Memory corruption in n/a (critical 10.0)
- [CVE-2009-0840](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2009-0840/): Memory corruption in n/a (critical 10.0)
- [CVE-2009-0841](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2009-0841/): Path traversal in n/a (critical 10.0)

## Fix prompt for AI coding agents

```text
Check this codebase for CVE-2025-59431 and fix it if it is affected.

What it is: CVE-2025-59431 is a high-severity SQL injection vulnerability in MapServer, published on 19 Sep 2025. An attacker can exploit it over the internet without logging in, with no action from the victim.
Exploitation: It is not confirmed as exploited in the wild, but public exploit code for CVE-2025-59431 exists.

Affected product: MapServer. No package-level version data is available, so check the vendor advisory linked from the reference page.

Task:
1. Search the dependency manifests and lockfiles (for example package.json, package-lock.json, requirements.txt, poetry.lock, uv.lock, pom.xml, build.gradle, go.mod, Cargo.lock, Gemfile.lock) and any Dockerfiles for the affected packages, including transitive dependencies.
2. If an affected version is in use, upgrade it to the fixed version for its release line with the project's package manager, so the lockfile is regenerated. Prefer the smallest upgrade that fixes it.
3. If there is no fix, or the upgrade would break the build, do not guess: explain the risk and the safest workaround instead.
4. Run the tests and summarise what changed and why.
5. If nothing in the project is affected, say so and change nothing.

Reference: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2025-59431/ (Markdown: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2025-59431/index.md)
```

## Sources

- CVE record: https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-59431
- NVD: https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-59431
- OSV: https://osv.dev/vulnerability/CVE-2025-59431

---
From sbomify Insights: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2025-59431/
Summaries are generated and may contain mistakes; the official description above is the record.