# CVE-2025-64120: Nuvation Energy Multi-Stack Controller OS Command Injection

> Attackers can execute arbitrary OS commands on Nuvation Energy Multi-Stack Controllers, potentially compromising industrial energy systems.

- **Severity:** Critical 9.4 (`CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H/S:P/AU:Y/R:I`)
- **Exploited in the wild:** Not known
- **Login needed:** Any signed-in user
- **Attackable:** Over the internet
- **Victim action needed:** Not needed
- **Fix available:** No
- **Published:** 2 Jan 2026
- **Updated:** 5 Jan 2026
- **Also known as:** GHSA-v668-5qxg-qhjh

## What is CVE-2025-64120?

CVE-2025-64120 is a critical command injection vulnerability in Nuvation Energy Multi-Stack Controller (MSC), published on 2 Jan 2026. Any signed-in user can exploit it over the network, with no action from the victim.

### Official description

Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection') vulnerability in Nuvation Energy Multi-Stack Controller (MSC) allows OS Command Injection.This issue affects Multi-Stack Controller (MSC): from 2.3.8 before 2.5.1.

Weakness: CWE-78 (Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command)

## Which versions are affected by CVE-2025-64120?

It affects 1 product.


Products: Nuvationenergy Nplatform.

## How do I fix CVE-2025-64120?

No fix has been published for CVE-2025-64120 yet. Limit exposure of the affected software until one is available.

## Is CVE-2025-64120 being exploited?

There is no known exploitation of CVE-2025-64120 in the wild and no public exploit code.

## Other vulnerabilities in Nuvation Energy Multi-Stack Controller (MSC)

- [CVE-2025-64121](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2025-64121/): Nuvation Energy Multi-Stack Controller Authentication Bypass (critical 10.0)
- [CVE-2025-64124](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2025-64124/): Nuvation Energy Multi-Stack Controller OS Command Injection (high 8.7)
- [CVE-2025-64123](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2025-64123/): Nuvation Energy Multi-Stack Controller Proxy service allows arbitrary BMS access (high 7.9)
- [CVE-2025-64122](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2025-64122/): Nuvation Energy Multi-Stack Controller Private Key Stored on Device (high 7.2)

## Fix prompt for AI coding agents

```text
Check this codebase for CVE-2025-64120 and fix it if it is affected.

What it is: CVE-2025-64120 is a critical command injection vulnerability in Nuvation Energy Multi-Stack Controller (MSC), published on 2 Jan 2026. Any signed-in user can exploit it over the network, with no action from the victim.
Exploitation: There is no known exploitation of CVE-2025-64120 in the wild and no public exploit code.

Affected product: Nuvation Energy Multi-Stack Controller (MSC). No package-level version data is available, so check the vendor advisory linked from the reference page.

Task:
1. Search the dependency manifests and lockfiles (for example package.json, package-lock.json, requirements.txt, poetry.lock, uv.lock, pom.xml, build.gradle, go.mod, Cargo.lock, Gemfile.lock) and any Dockerfiles for the affected packages, including transitive dependencies.
2. If an affected version is in use, upgrade it to the fixed version for its release line with the project's package manager, so the lockfile is regenerated. Prefer the smallest upgrade that fixes it.
3. If there is no fix, or the upgrade would break the build, do not guess: explain the risk and the safest workaround instead.
4. Run the tests and summarise what changed and why.
5. If nothing in the project is affected, say so and change nothing.

Reference: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2025-64120/ (Markdown: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2025-64120/index.md)
```

## Sources

- CVE record: https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-64120
- NVD: https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-64120
- OSV: https://osv.dev/vulnerability/CVE-2025-64120

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From sbomify Insights: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2025-64120/
Summaries are generated and may contain mistakes; the official description above is the record.