{"answers":{"affected":"2 open source packages ship an affected version, including @strapi/plugin-users-permissions. It affects 1 product.","exploited":"There is no known exploitation of CVE-2025-64526 in the wild and no public exploit code.","fix":"Upgrade @strapi/plugin-users-permissions to 5.45.0 or later.","what":"CVE-2025-64526 is a medium-severity vulnerability in @strapi/plugin-users-permissions, published on 14 May 2026. An attacker can exploit it over the internet without logging in, with no action from the victim."},"fix_prompt":"Check this codebase for CVE-2025-64526 and fix it if it is affected.\n\nWhat it is: CVE-2025-64526 is a medium-severity vulnerability in @strapi/plugin-users-permissions, published on 14 May 2026. An attacker can exploit it over the internet without logging in, with no action from the victim.\nExploitation: There is no known exploitation of CVE-2025-64526 in the wild and no public exploit code.\n\nAffected packages and fixed versions:\n- @strapi/plugin-users-permissions (npm): affected all versions; fixed in 5.45.0\n- @strapi/plugin-users-permissions (npm): affected all versions; fixed in 5.45.0\n\nTask:\n1. Search the dependency manifests and lockfiles (for example package.json, package-lock.json, requirements.txt, poetry.lock, uv.lock, pom.xml, build.gradle, go.mod, Cargo.lock, Gemfile.lock) and any Dockerfiles for the affected packages, including transitive dependencies.\n2. If an affected version is in use, upgrade it to the fixed version for its release line with the project's package manager, so the lockfile is regenerated. Prefer the smallest upgrade that fixes it.\n3. If there is no fix, or the upgrade would break the build, do not guess: explain the risk and the safest workaround instead.\n4. Run the tests and summarise what changed and why.\n5. If nothing in the project is affected, say so and change nothing.\n\nReference: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2025-64526/ (Markdown: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2025-64526/index.md)","id":"CVE-2025-64526","markdown":"https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2025-64526/index.md","name":"CVE-2025-64526","record":{"aliases":["GHSA-7mqx-wwh4-f9fw"],"analysis":{"component_type":"web_application","fix_type":"upgrade","impacts":["security_bypass"],"network_reachable":"yes","non_default_config":false,"product_category":"Strapi CMS plugin","requires_auth":"none","summary":"An attacker can bypass rate limiting on authentication routes by manipulating the email field, enabling brute-force attacks against credentials.","user_interaction":"not_required","vuln_class":"security_feature_bypass"},"analysis_generated_by":"qwen3.8-flash-next","assigner":"GitHub_M","cpe":[{"product":"strapi","vendor":"strapi"}],"cvss":{"score":6.9,"severity":"medium","source":"cna","vector":"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N","version":"4.0"},"cwes":[{"id":"CWE-307","name":"Improper Restriction of Excessive Authentication Attempts"}],"description":"Strapi is an open source headless content management system. In Strapi versions prior to 5.45.0, the rate-limit middleware in the users-permissions plugin derived its rate-limit key in part from `ctx.request.body.email`, including on routes whose body schema does not contain an `email` field (`/auth/local`, `/auth/reset-password`, `/auth/change-password`). An unauthenticated attacker could include an arbitrary `email` value in the request body to obtain a fresh rate-limit key per request, effectively bypassing per-IP throttling on those routes and enabling high-volume credential brute-force, password-reset code brute-force, and credential-stuffing attempts. The rate-limit key was constructed as `${userIdentifier}:${requestPath}:${ctx.request.ip}`, where `userIdentifier = ctx.request.body.email`. On routes that legitimately use email as their identifier (e.g. `/auth/forgot-password`, `/auth/local/register`), this scoping is correct. On routes that use a different identifier (`identifier` for login, `code` for password reset, `currentPassword` for password change), the email field was not part of the route contract, but the middleware still incorporated it into the key, allowing a caller to rotate the value and obtain a unique key on every request. The patch in version 5.45.0 maintains an allow-list of routes that legitimately key on the email field and excludes that key component on every other route the middleware is mounted on. OAuth callback paths (`/connect/*`) are treated identifier-less. On routes outside the allow-list, the middleware now falls back to a fixed identifier-less key, ensuring per-IP throttling remains effective even when the request body is attacker-controlled.","ecosystems":["npm"],"exploits":{"exploitdb":0,"first_seen":null,"github_poc":0,"max_poc_stars":null,"metasploit":0,"nuclei":0,"refs":[],"tier":"none_known"},"has_fix":true,"headline":"Strapi has a rate limit bypass on users-permissions plugin via attacker-controlled email keying","id":"CVE-2025-64526","indexable":true,"kev":null,"kind":"cve","links":{"ecosystem":"npm","product":null,"products":[],"type":"security_feature_bypass","year":"2025"},"n_packages":2,"n_references":4,"next":{"headline":"Envoy crashes when JWT authentication is configured with the remote JWKS fetching","id":"CVE-2025-64527"},"packages":[{"ecosystem":"npm","fixed":["5.45.0"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"@strapi/plugin-users-permissions","purl":null,"source":"GHSA-7mqx-wwh4-f9fw"},{"ecosystem":"npm","fixed":["5.45.0"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"@strapi/plugin-users-permissions","purl":"pkg:npm/%40strapi/plugin-users-permissions","source":"GHSA-7mqx-wwh4-f9fw"}],"prev":{"headline":"Astro vulnerable to URL manipulation via headers, leading to middleware and CVE-2025-61925 bypass","id":"CVE-2025-64525"},"products":["@strapi/plugin-users-permissions","strapi"],"published":"2026-05-14","related":[{"cvss_score":7.2,"headline":"Strapi Cleartext Storage of Sensitive Information","id":"CVE-2023-22894","kev_date_added":"2026-10-08","published":"2023-04-19"},{"cvss_score":10,"headline":"Strapi plugins vulnerable to Server-Side Template Injection and Remote Code Execution in the Users-Permissions Plugin","id":"CVE-2023-22621","kev_date_added":null,"published":"2023-04-19"},{"cvss_score":9.8,"headline":"Unrestricted Upload of File with Dangerous Type in Strapi","id":"CVE-2022-27263","kev_date_added":null,"published":"2022-04-12"},{"cvss_score":9.8,"headline":"Authorization bypass in Strapi","id":"CVE-2020-27664","kev_date_added":null,"published":"2020-10-22"},{"cvss_score":9.8,"headline":"Strapi allows unauthenticated attacker to reset admin password without valid reset token","id":"CVE-2019-18818","kev_date_added":null,"published":"2019-11-07"},{"cvss_score":9.3,"headline":"Strapi Vulnerable to SQL Injection in Content Type Builder","id":"CVE-2026-22599","kev_date_added":null,"published":"2026-05-14"},{"cvss_score":9.2,"headline":"Strapi may leak sensitive data via relational filtering due to lack of query sanitization","id":"CVE-2026-27886","kev_date_added":null,"published":"2026-05-14"}],"sources":[{"class":"attribution","licence":"CVE Terms of Use (MITRE)","name":"CVE List","prefix":"CVE"},{"class":"attribution","licence":"CC BY 4.0","name":"GitHub Advisory Database","prefix":"GHSA"},{"class":"attribution","licence":"US public information, NVD API terms","name":"NVD"},{"class":"attribution","licence":"CWE Terms of Use","name":"CWE (MITRE)"},{"class":"attribution","licence":"FIRST CVSS licence","name":"CVSS (FIRST)"}],"ssvc":{"automatable":"yes","exploitation":"none","technical_impact":"total"},"state":"PUBLISHED","updated":"2026-05-16","vendors":["strapi"]},"summary":"An attacker can bypass rate limiting on authentication routes by manipulating the email field, enabling brute-force attacks against credentials.","url":"https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2025-64526/"}