CVE-2025-66031 node-forge ASN.1 Unbounded Recursion
Remote attackers can cause Denial of Service via stack exhaustion by crafting deep ASN.1 structures in node-forge.
- Exploited in the wild
- Not known
- Login needed
- Not needed
- Attackable
- Over the internet
- Victim action needed
- Not needed
- Fix
- Available
What is CVE-2025-66031?
CVE-2025-66031 is a high-severity denial of service vulnerability in digitalbazaar forge, published on 26 Nov 2025. An attacker can exploit it over the internet without logging in, with no action from the victim.
Official description
Forge (also called `node-forge`) is a native implementation of Transport Layer Security in JavaScript. An Uncontrolled Recursion vulnerability in node-forge versions 1.3.1 and below enables remote, unauthenticated attackers to craft deep ASN.1 structures that trigger unbounded recursive parsing. This leads to a Denial-of-Service (DoS) via stack exhaustion when parsing untrusted DER inputs. This issue has been patched in version 1.3.2.
Weakness: CWE-674
Which versions are affected by CVE-2025-66031?
2 open source packages ship an affected version, including node-forge. It affects 1 product.
| Package | Affected | Fixed in |
|---|---|---|
node-forge npm | All versions | 1.3.2 |
node-forge npm | All versions | 1.3.2 |
Products include Digitalbazaar Forge.
How do I fix CVE-2025-66031?
Upgrade node-forge to 1.3.2 or later.
Upgrade, then put limits on request size, rate and nesting depth so one client cannot exhaust the service. More about Denial of service.
Is CVE-2025-66031 being exploited?
There is no known exploitation of CVE-2025-66031 in the wild and no public exploit code.
Other vulnerabilities in digitalbazaar forge
- CVE-2020-7720 Prototype Pollution
- CVE-2025-12816 CVE-2025-12816
- CVE-2026-33891 Forge has Denial of Service via Infinite Loop in BigInteger.modInverse() with Zero Input
- CVE-2026-33894 Forge has signature forgery in RSA-PKCS due to ASN.1 extra field
- CVE-2026-33895 Forge has signature forgery in Ed25519 due to missing S > L check
Sources
Also known as AZL-71134, CLEANSTART-2026-GS11212, CLEANSTART-2026-KB17672, DEBIAN-CVE-2025-66031, GHSA-554w-wpv2-vw27, MINI-2xx9-vpfh-7cr7 and 14 more.