{"answers":{"affected":"2 open source packages ship an affected version, including signalk-server. It affects 1 product.","exploited":"It is not confirmed as exploited in the wild, but public exploit code for CVE-2025-66398 exists.","fix":"Upgrade signalk-server to 2.19.0 or later.","what":"CVE-2025-66398 is a critical code injection vulnerability in signalk-server, published on 1 Jan 2026. An attacker can exploit it over the internet without logging in, and only if a user opens a file or follows a link."},"fix_prompt":"Check this codebase for CVE-2025-66398 and fix it if it is affected.\n\nWhat it is: CVE-2025-66398 is a critical code injection vulnerability in signalk-server, published on 1 Jan 2026. An attacker can exploit it over the internet without logging in, and only if a user opens a file or follows a link.\nExploitation: It is not confirmed as exploited in the wild, but public exploit code for CVE-2025-66398 exists.\n\nAffected packages and fixed versions:\n- signalk-server (npm): affected all versions; fixed in 2.19.0\n- signalk-server (npm): affected all versions; fixed in 2.19.0\n\nTask:\n1. Search the dependency manifests and lockfiles (for example package.json, package-lock.json, requirements.txt, poetry.lock, uv.lock, pom.xml, build.gradle, go.mod, Cargo.lock, Gemfile.lock) and any Dockerfiles for the affected packages, including transitive dependencies.\n2. If an affected version is in use, upgrade it to the fixed version for its release line with the project's package manager, so the lockfile is regenerated. Prefer the smallest upgrade that fixes it.\n3. If there is no fix, or the upgrade would break the build, do not guess: explain the risk and the safest workaround instead.\n4. Run the tests and summarise what changed and why.\n5. If nothing in the project is affected, say so and change nothing.\n\nReference: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2025-66398/ (Markdown: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2025-66398/index.md)","id":"CVE-2025-66398","markdown":"https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2025-66398/index.md","name":"CVE-2025-66398","record":{"aliases":["GHSA-w3x5-7c4c-66p9"],"analysis":{"component_type":"server_software","fix_type":"upgrade","impacts":["code_execution","account_takeover"],"network_reachable":"yes","non_default_config":false,"product_category":"Marine data server","requires_auth":"none","summary":"Unauthenticated attackers can pollute server state to overwrite configuration files, leading to remote code execution and account takeover in Signal K Server.","user_interaction":"required","vuln_class":"code_injection"},"analysis_generated_by":"qwen3.8-flash-next","assigner":"GitHub_M","cpe":[{"product":"signal_k_server","vendor":"signalk"}],"cvss":{"score":9.7,"severity":"critical","source":"cna","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H","version":"3.1"},"cwes":[{"id":"CWE-913","name":"Improper Control of Dynamically-Managed Code Resources"},{"id":"CWE-78","name":"Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command"}],"description":"Signal K Server is a server application that runs on a central hub in a boat. Prior to version 2.19.0, an unauthenticated attacker can pollute the internal state (`restoreFilePath`) of the server via the `/skServer/validateBackup` endpoint. This allows the attacker to hijack the administrator's \"Restore\" functionality to overwrite critical server configuration files (e.g., `security.json`, `package.json`), leading to account takeover and Remote Code Execution (RCE). Version 2.19.0 patches this vulnerability.","ecosystems":["npm"],"exploits":{"exploitdb":0,"first_seen":"2026-03-10","github_poc":2,"max_poc_stars":3,"metasploit":0,"nuclei":0,"refs":[{"date":"2026-03-10T20:20:19Z","kind":"github_poc","ref":"https://github.com/joshuavanderpoll/cve-2025-66398","stars":3,"title":"CVE-2025-66398 — Signal K Server ≤ 2.18.0 RCE PoC "},{"date":"2026-03-23T09:09:21Z","kind":"github_poc","ref":"https://github.com/showy-headteacher114/cve-2025-66398","stars":1,"title":"Demonstrate exploitation of Signal K Server CVE-2025-66398 allowing unauthenticated attackers to inject backdoor and enable remote code execution."}],"tier":"weaponised"},"has_fix":true,"headline":"Signal K Server has Unauthenticated State Pollution leading to Remote Code Execution (RCE)","id":"CVE-2025-66398","indexable":true,"kev":null,"kind":"cve","links":{"ecosystem":"npm","product":null,"products":[],"type":"code_injection","year":"2025"},"n_packages":2,"n_references":2,"next":{"headline":"SNMP Command Injection leads to RCE in Cacti","id":"CVE-2025-66399"},"packages":[{"ecosystem":"npm","fixed":["2.19.0"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"signalk-server","purl":null,"source":"GHSA-w3x5-7c4c-66p9"},{"ecosystem":"npm","fixed":["2.19.0"],"introduced":["0"],"last_affected":[],"package":"signalk-server","purl":"pkg:npm/signalk-server","source":"GHSA-w3x5-7c4c-66p9"}],"prev":{"headline":"ChurchCRM's Kiosk Manager Functions are vulnerable to Broken Access Control","id":"CVE-2025-66397"},"products":["signalk-server"],"published":"2026-01-01","related":[{"cvss_score":10,"headline":"RCE - Command Injection in Signal K set-system-time plugin","id":"CVE-2026-23515","kev_date_added":null,"published":"2026-02-02"},{"cvss_score":9.4,"headline":"signalk-server: Privilege Escalation by Admin Role Injection via /enableSecurity","id":"CVE-2026-33950","kev_date_added":null,"published":"2026-04-02"},{"cvss_score":9.1,"headline":"Signal K Server vulnerable to JWT Token Theft via WebSocket Enumeration and Unauthenticated Polling","id":"CVE-2025-68620","kev_date_added":null,"published":"2026-01-01"},{"cvss_score":8.7,"headline":"Signal K Server's WebSocket Login Endpoint Lacks Rate Limiting (Credential Brute-Force)","id":"CVE-2026-41893","kev_date_added":null,"published":"2026-05-09"},{"cvss_score":7.5,"headline":"Signal K Server has an Unauthenticated Regular Expression Denial of Service (ReDoS) via WebSocket Subscription Paths","id":"CVE-2026-39320","kev_date_added":null,"published":"2026-04-21"},{"cvss_score":7.5,"headline":"Signal K Server Vulnerable to Denial of Service via Unrestricted Access Request Flooding","id":"CVE-2025-68272","kev_date_added":null,"published":"2026-01-01"}],"sources":[{"class":"attribution","licence":"CVE Terms of Use (MITRE)","name":"CVE List","prefix":"CVE"},{"class":"attribution","licence":"CC BY 4.0","name":"GitHub Advisory Database","prefix":"GHSA"},{"class":"attribution","licence":"US public information, NVD API terms","name":"NVD"},{"class":"attribution","licence":"CWE Terms of Use","name":"CWE (MITRE)"},{"class":"attribution","licence":"FIRST CVSS licence","name":"CVSS (FIRST)"},{"class":"open","licence":"CC0","name":"PoC-in-GitHub"}],"ssvc":{"automatable":"yes","exploitation":"poc","technical_impact":"total"},"state":"PUBLISHED","updated":"2026-01-05","vendors":["SignalK"]},"summary":"Unauthenticated attackers can pollute server state to overwrite configuration files, leading to remote code execution and account takeover in Signal K Server.","url":"https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2025-66398/"}