# CVE-2025-66434: Code injection in n/a

> Authenticated attackers can inject Jinja templates in ERPNext to execute code and leak database information via unsafe globals.

- **Severity:** High 8.8 (`CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H`)
- **Exploited in the wild:** Not known
- **Login needed:** Any signed-in user
- **Attackable:** Over the internet
- **Victim action needed:** Not needed
- **Fix available:** No
- **Published:** 15 Dec 2025
- **Updated:** 17 Dec 2025
- **Also known as:** GHSA-gmxm-2p67-967r

## What is CVE-2025-66434?

CVE-2025-66434 is a high-severity code injection vulnerability in Frappe Erpnext, published on 15 Dec 2025. Any signed-in user can exploit it over the network, with no action from the victim.

### Official description

An SSTI (Server-Side Template Injection) vulnerability exists in the get_dunning_letter_text method of Frappe ERPNext through 15.89.0. The function renders attacker-controlled Jinja2 templates (body_text) using frappe.render_template() with a user-supplied context (doc). Although Frappe uses a custom SandboxedEnvironment, several dangerous globals such as frappe.db.sql are still available in the execution context via get_safe_globals(). An authenticated attacker with access to configure Dunning Type and its child table Dunning Letter Text can inject arbitrary Jinja expressions, resulting in server-side code execution within a restricted but still unsafe context. This can leak database information.

Weakness: CWE-94 (Improper Control of Generation of Code), CWE-1336 (Improper Neutralization of Special Elements Used in a Template Engine)

## Which versions are affected by CVE-2025-66434?

It affects 1 product.


Products: Frappe Erpnext.

## How do I fix CVE-2025-66434?

No fix has been published for CVE-2025-66434 yet. Limit exposure of the affected software until one is available.

## Is CVE-2025-66434 being exploited?

It is not confirmed as exploited in the wild, but public exploit code for CVE-2025-66434 exists.

## Other vulnerabilities in Frappe Erpnext

- [CVE-2026-44442](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2026-44442/): ERPNext: Unauthorised Document modification due to missing validation (critical 9.9)
- [CVE-2026-38431](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2026-38431/): Code injection in n/a (critical 9.8)
- [CVE-2025-66438](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2025-66438/): Code injection in n/a (critical 9.8)
- [CVE-2025-66439](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2025-66439/): SQL injection in n/a (critical 9.8)
- [CVE-2025-66440](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2025-66440/): SQL injection in n/a (critical 9.8)

## Fix prompt for AI coding agents

```text
Check this codebase for CVE-2025-66434 and fix it if it is affected.

What it is: CVE-2025-66434 is a high-severity code injection vulnerability in Frappe Erpnext, published on 15 Dec 2025. Any signed-in user can exploit it over the network, with no action from the victim.
Exploitation: It is not confirmed as exploited in the wild, but public exploit code for CVE-2025-66434 exists.

Affected product: Frappe Erpnext. No package-level version data is available, so check the vendor advisory linked from the reference page.

Task:
1. Search the dependency manifests and lockfiles (for example package.json, package-lock.json, requirements.txt, poetry.lock, uv.lock, pom.xml, build.gradle, go.mod, Cargo.lock, Gemfile.lock) and any Dockerfiles for the affected packages, including transitive dependencies.
2. If an affected version is in use, upgrade it to the fixed version for its release line with the project's package manager, so the lockfile is regenerated. Prefer the smallest upgrade that fixes it.
3. If there is no fix, or the upgrade would break the build, do not guess: explain the risk and the safest workaround instead.
4. Run the tests and summarise what changed and why.
5. If nothing in the project is affected, say so and change nothing.

Reference: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2025-66434/ (Markdown: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2025-66434/index.md)
```

## Sources

- CVE record: https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-66434
- NVD: https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-66434
- OSV: https://osv.dev/vulnerability/CVE-2025-66434

---
From sbomify Insights: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2025-66434/
Summaries are generated and may contain mistakes; the official description above is the record.