# CVE-2025-68119: Unexpected code execution when invoking toolchain in cmd/go > Attackers can achieve local code execution or arbitrary file writes by providing malicious version strings to the Go toolchain during module downloads. - **Severity:** High 7.0 (`CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H`) - **Exploited in the wild:** Not known - **Login needed:** Any signed-in user - **Attackable:** Local or same network only - **Victim action needed:** Not needed - **Fix available:** Yes - **Published:** 28 Jan 2026 - **Updated:** 26 Feb 2026 - **Also known as:** AZL-75639, AZL-75698, AZL-75728, AZL-78939, AZL-98691, BELL-CVE-2025-68119, BIT-golang-2025-68119, CLEANSTART-2026-GI62956, CLEANSTART-2026-SF92168, CLEANSTART-2026-SR22439, CLEANSTART-2026-ZQ25386, CLSA-2026-1785421184, DEBIAN-CVE-2025-68119, ECHO-3090-16c7-c5fd, GHSA-cm6p-qc7v-m3jw, GO-2026-4338, MINI-22xg-35hx-hxqf, MINI-232r-qh3r-rf67, MINI-24h8-m29v-xxc8, MINI-25wf-f653-v3w9, MINI-2628-h96v-gpf9, MINI-265q-vm8p-p232, MINI-27gv-w275-rcjr, MINI-295r-gc33-9rv3, MINI-29v6-w45r-2cpc, MINI-2c4p-f5rw-w2m4, MINI-2cfc-x374-6m84, MINI-2h4p-gc5m-w83m, MINI-2jv8-6pjx-9vr6, MINI-2mc2-qvpf-q4x2, MINI-2pcv-59xr-qvf9, MINI-2qmm-25jh-pmgm, MINI-2r47-vcr6-wqfp, MINI-2rg7-7f3x-h4v4, MINI-2rmv-ghmc-rwc2, MINI-2v2p-4vxv-85p6, MINI-2v6f-5rhq-q39q, MINI-2xj5-9mjv-cc42, MINI-32wg-624h-xjhx, MINI-3427-9w6p-pf3f, MINI-354g-7852-h5g2, MINI-36cp-v5q4-hg37, MINI-36r4-vq75-j777, MINI-37p7-v4h6-w26v, MINI-3982-77vf-4j4x, MINI-3fg6-g475-gx4r, MINI-3h4x-cmg5-h56q, MINI-3p89-3xr9-hrgv, MINI-3r8f-xfpx-jvr8, MINI-3vvf-g5qc-whh3, MINI-3wfc-m3f8-r8ch, MINI-3wqf-fx4g-2vf3, MINI-3wqw-cf9w-w26j, MINI-3x36-w3v4-72cx, MINI-4292-vcc9-gw95, MINI-42gp-6rmw-2fx7, MINI-43p3-5cv4-h5fg, MINI-43w8-wr9g-qp5h, MINI-47rw-cm97-4v8c, MINI-486r-856j-q5xw, MINI-48wp-r38q-gj78, MINI-4c88-pv6r-6x75, MINI-4g84-57gf-j43v, MINI-4hmr-r6r3-rr6g, MINI-4jr5-65p5-9xfm, MINI-4m7p-pc36-gcwr, MINI-4p2c-f246-4rgm, MINI-4p65-m766-2h95, MINI-4p9f-8rw7-c2rf, MINI-4pj7-59pc-8xjh, MINI-4v4j-9g8j-4gwh, MINI-4vp2-rvj6-8q7p, MINI-4xrx-fgv6-cwfr, MINI-526w-mj9h-5gq2, MINI-5287-6773-pggw, MINI-53hj-hm3h-cjg4, MINI-53qh-xhjm-648j, MINI-559x-m9g5-x653, MINI-5896-9h75-v628, MINI-59j8-rp7c-m6gf, MINI-59jx-vccq-mj7v, MINI-59rx-658c-74pq, MINI-5cfr-g622-f8g2, MINI-5fch-6ccw-vvgq, MINI-5fg4-896c-6q6r, MINI-5hh5-cmcm-598x, MINI-5p87-29hq-4jhp, MINI-5q68-vhmq-c3w7, MINI-5vjv-w44q-v2w7, MINI-5wgp-gp8v-m92g, MINI-5wvj-9q42-c3fv, MINI-5x27-7hp2-r7p5, MINI-5xhv-8r94-77xc, MINI-6269-qpvr-h5c3, MINI-64v2-6qpc-xj44, MINI-658v-r78r-665j, MINI-65cg-33fp-p836, MINI-65r7-qvqj-xrgj, MINI-6692-2wc9-27h2, MINI-66mv-3r5p-c8v4, MINI-6754-5w66-r53c, MINI-682g-8hmh-p2jm, MINI-6843-9wqm-rxqx, MINI-6ff9-9fwm-f9c2, MINI-6fx9-j2fv-jfjr, MINI-6jf8-mm29-wvxc, MINI-6jh5-63q6-35xv, MINI-6jv4-9f2h-6hr3, MINI-6m4h-3vv8-jcfp, MINI-6w5j-5c9f-2273, MINI-6xcp-5hjm-6527, MINI-6xf3-f9q9-c7r5, MINI-6xmx-96jh-55q4, MINI-6xqx-j4xc-crcr, MINI-73qr-6fvv-6jmw, MINI-73r6-c667-922v, MINI-745c-r48p-939x, MINI-74hh-3332-8xx7, MINI-74r6-6qv6-26pq, MINI-752h-8fp4-5jrw, MINI-779w-7f5m-9x67, MINI-789g-j2hw-xqhp, MINI-78r2-mf6q-g4m9, MINI-799q-3f84-g737, MINI-7cwm-rrxf-qfp3, MINI-7fpv-rqqq-49gv, MINI-7fv4-xgfh-5x48, MINI-7g7q-r5q7-g254, MINI-7hcx-h4f9-gv7p, MINI-7jg5-wgw7-655m, MINI-7mc4-q6cx-974w, MINI-7p3g-f68m-jxvc, MINI-7p7x-w676-v4x5, MINI-7p8q-jf6r-992h, MINI-7q4x-fc7f-9vw9, MINI-7qm3-hf8x-qrg8, MINI-7r6c-7xj8-4grh, MINI-7rqr-6gq2-r55h, MINI-7v65-x8jp-vxwh, MINI-7w2f-5jr2-xmjx, MINI-7w7q-4xw6-m636, MINI-7wvf-qhp9-9vjm, MINI-7xxr-f9hg-px35, MINI-8225-p839-rpgj, MINI-84cv-6j5c-f73m, MINI-84vx-f5wq-7pqw, MINI-862q-r2pm-jjf7, MINI-87fm-3r67-r28f, MINI-89q5-89gh-4fm6, MINI-8c9j-75h8-3g39, MINI-8f69-69gh-3hhc, MINI-8fh5-pgm6-vf76, MINI-8h8p-j7hv-m2f9, MINI-8jq9-w75q-jvhh, MINI-8mpf-v8r2-57x9, MINI-8p4w-chwc-3r26, MINI-8pcf-4xr8-wr42, MINI-8rvq-3x4h-5x9m, MINI-8v8w-jvmw-5vvp, MINI-8wf6-h478-v68g, MINI-92p7-fg9h-j247, MINI-92vh-v6fh-p24g, MINI-96q7-j7h4-vw7v, MINI-972q-f72g-h7qw, MINI-97rg-2vwv-qj2f, MINI-97xr-c82g-fg32, MINI-98c2-5xff-w9c3, MINI-993v-5rmc-ppc6, MINI-9cq9-g9c6-hm5g, MINI-9cvx-w9jh-4vjr, MINI-9f4q-9c84-j48j, MINI-9gvj-r49q-2cgj, MINI-9hf8-f65q-h82c, MINI-9j6h-848r-x5ph, MINI-9jv2-hggg-fr2m, MINI-9m62-3fp2-66p5, MINI-9q2r-r5qq-cc4p, MINI-9qhh-rh9j-gcqq, MINI-9rx2-jcxq-4j49, MINI-9xg7-9q9w-fjfq, MINI-c349-rxgm-6c3x, MINI-c357-33cx-577c, MINI-c37h-3chj-683p, MINI-c3qw-3v3c-8rhr, MINI-c6pg-w9qh-hrwv, MINI-c8rp-chwq-h986, MINI-c8xg-qr7f-g2mw, MINI-cf84-48h8-6mvc, MINI-ch68-2rww-4g4j, MINI-chc7-cwr9-xf4w, MINI-chh9-p722-5x62, MINI-cj5x-fgrw-r724, MINI-cjqx-5xmx-wjpv, MINI-cq7h-5vh6-2q2g, MINI-cr67-9q36-3j86, MINI-cvqw-whmj-ghc8, MINI-cw28-mf7f-6965, MINI-cw5r-69jc-9qxx, MINI-f4h9-v2rc-44wx, MINI-f567-cw82-gv6v, MINI-f5cp-q9q3-4xx5, MINI-f5rg-hhf2-4w52, MINI-f5v6-85r3-m338, MINI-f73x-wqv6-fwhx, MINI-f8wr-v7hx-32wx, MINI-f948-rm6g-gch2, MINI-f9r3-c7jr-pwqw, MINI-ff4q-ghfc-5rc6, MINI-fgx3-xrp9-chcq, MINI-fgx7-9xwx-vg6g, MINI-fj4r-j8cf-gc2p, MINI-fmff-rhff-wmq5, MINI-fmrx-c3vm-mv5q, MINI-fmwv-28p5-q87v, MINI-fp47-gw48-29m9, MINI-fpg3-h5jj-mxgc, MINI-fwfq-46hv-rw47, MINI-fwh7-gw4x-rc7v, MINI-fwq7-7vj8-m296, MINI-g2gq-gm66-j69r, MINI-g2m4-f374-9rcj, MINI-g2pg-fx6f-3gm2, MINI-g487-f7c7-gxw9, MINI-g536-5fjc-wvq7, MINI-g64c-9895-g33m, MINI-g8gq-qvwg-3v3f, MINI-gfgf-g28c-5pwj, MINI-gg2p-hm45-4m27, MINI-gg6q-9h7j-rmwv, MINI-ggmg-vxmj-28p6, MINI-gh2j-3735-6x89, MINI-gjfx-fw7j-q8j9, MINI-h334-x552-5fqr, MINI-h523-7f68-66rv, MINI-h5cw-95fr-qmx8, MINI-h5hg-p7hj-hpwj, MINI-h5xq-3v77-2v5w, MINI-h62p-244j-62q4, MINI-h6rq-x9hc-8c84, MINI-h77g-27q6-w3pm, MINI-h979-g23f-74xm, MINI-h984-j5f8-v955, MINI-h9jv-7gcw-5vv4, MINI-h9mc-7c54-jpm3, MINI-hc6x-m284-gpcf, MINI-hfcr-3vfp-95fg, MINI-hfjr-r2w9-jfq9, MINI-hfvx-rchm-fvwf, MINI-hmpf-xpfj-rx7w, MINI-hp55-pm36-rwjh, MINI-hpwq-w9q3-767w, MINI-hx7f-8p8p-fvr4, MINI-hxhv-q6m2-24pp, MINI-j2fp-pg54-r87j, MINI-j53c-f387-xv5x, MINI-j6pp-q4j3-5fqx, MINI-j96v-v84c-pj4r, MINI-jcmv-f28w-pcmw, MINI-jf4q-7xqm-jcf4, MINI-jh5g-8mrc-8m55, MINI-jjvw-wv8p-w4wx, MINI-jq6j-3r5v-g36c, MINI-jrp2-2q49-rmh8, MINI-jvhr-vx33-45cj, MINI-jw8w-p88c-rgmq, MINI-jxm2-h72v-hjhc, MINI-m3g4-2wwv-7mmv, MINI-m3mm-8hj9-8943, MINI-m3pp-vwm8-7x8m, MINI-m53m-83rf-q9xq, MINI-m67f-92q2-3482, MINI-m827-x36p-w62x, MINI-m85f-g5pf-qxc6, MINI-m8hf-xvv9-hc83, MINI-m8w5-49m6-8778, MINI-m9g8-cpv2-fpmf, MINI-m9q6-hp49-fq87, MINI-mc6q-34vj-mcv8, MINI-mgx5-44jr-x2g4, MINI-mhmj-q29j-rgj4, MINI-mhw8-jqcx-f73p, MINI-mj39-84rp-rwqw, MINI-mjfg-6vxj-qjp7, MINI-mmv6-w9c4-gvh7, MINI-mp8g-wvgm-787x, MINI-mqpr-rr9x-hm29, MINI-mrq7-vw6j-r3wc, MINI-mrrm-cc9p-ch29, MINI-mrw7-6v24-hgfp, MINI-mvp8-39hj-25pq, MINI-mvqx-f6c5-jx22, MINI-mw7v-w887-28hw, MINI-mw7x-4xhp-gffm, MINI-mxp4-9vff-rc8x, MINI-p26v-xg3p-3qh3, MINI-p2rp-cmjr-6395, MINI-p3r6-7w6m-5mmj, MINI-p45f-72cp-4mx2, MINI-p4gm-r86q-m8g2, MINI-p4q5-hhcf-p42h, MINI-p7hg-q638-xjjg, MINI-p7rx-766p-6j6w, MINI-p89x-rr97-5cf4, MINI-p8cp-53rj-jf9q, MINI-p9qp-x98f-9rm5, MINI-pccg-v86h-w4ww, MINI-pfq8-jj79-9pp9, MINI-pgh3-jhf3-hq7g, MINI-pgwg-mxwm-5qvj, MINI-ppj4-qhw3-phvx, MINI-pq4r-5v24-p64j, MINI-pr64-gjqm-75qv, MINI-q337-hpr4-vxff, MINI-q3w3-w5hc-98wx, MINI-q433-2vrx-69p2, MINI-q458-c4xw-vx5v, MINI-q64w-w6mf-99rm, MINI-q7jm-c249-p252, MINI-q85c-86q7-456c, MINI-qc4p-h8gq-fhvr, MINI-qc85-4jx3-wjmc, MINI-qf6m-xg6j-mxwx, MINI-qfrm-h379-phrc, MINI-qfxg-rfvx-v6j3, MINI-qfxv-hfr8-x5m6, MINI-qggj-cqrx-647g, MINI-qh7j-mxmm-q4xr, MINI-qp77-xph6-8jw6, MINI-qr8v-8m68-g7x8, MINI-qw9g-jmgv-98jh, MINI-r2h3-52vr-x75f, MINI-r2qc-gxw6-96xx, MINI-r4q7-fp2j-jgj7, MINI-rfc6-6xf4-qfv2, MINI-rh52-mvm8-rwc7, MINI-rj7g-c9q5-4m77, MINI-rpgh-4363-rrw3, MINI-rr2f-r9qx-g7qm, MINI-rvh6-x78j-r8m2, MINI-rvv2-r62j-6jq5, MINI-v2hw-2c4m-xqqq, MINI-v2mj-pf5h-r94f, MINI-v3cr-v3cp-q4rf, MINI-v6x6-hmg9-2mg7, MINI-v7hh-2jx8-7pwj, MINI-v7p4-c9fg-rc47, MINI-v7qc-r3vr-mqr9, MINI-v86c-rv8f-7xg6, MINI-vcj7-x6rp-5pr7, MINI-vcxw-qmh3-g45f, MINI-vgcv-8pxg-44xc, MINI-vj5w-326w-343r, MINI-vj87-hjrq-v224, MINI-vp2c-gr8x-5rmh, MINI-vpcx-v55f-9fg9, MINI-vq62-92jv-r645, MINI-vr68-hxjw-hh5c, MINI-vrwj-q5f9-8hpg, MINI-vvqc-mmpc-pq79, MINI-vwpm-vhw9-6x44, MINI-vx2q-qc27-h5g6, MINI-vxrp-hc2j-875c, MINI-w25g-xjpw-ww66, MINI-w2cm-4c6c-93cq, MINI-w3mw-vv86-hm82, MINI-w4pc-wvj2-p4wr, MINI-w59f-ghvx-5xp7, MINI-w5gv-2vw2-mq95, MINI-w5pp-7p28-j4wf, MINI-w6mc-hpq7-6r7h, MINI-w7mf-mfhc-v7cp, MINI-w83m-9673-hfcr, MINI-wfjx-47wg-pfq9, MINI-wh64-q8wv-8fch, MINI-whxw-chf3-xw53, MINI-wm46-xw29-wmrh, MINI-wpgc-xf59-446q, MINI-wpq6-6qrq-j57q, MINI-wwqf-p2wp-4mr9, MINI-wx3j-7fmf-85vg, MINI-wxwf-986p-v77c, MINI-x35p-q7w8-g8fp, MINI-x3f6-5r2g-qhvr, MINI-x49q-fqfw-h62j, MINI-x58v-84hm-2vp8, MINI-x59f-4crj-hh6x, MINI-x8fx-m676-gj3m, MINI-x8wg-xj28-vrqg, MINI-x9jr-9mm6-qh5g, MINI-xcq3-j9v8-4hh6, MINI-xf33-2gc8-3xc7, MINI-xhp8-pqr6-mqf5, MINI-xjqp-gj9q-q72v, MINI-xm27-gvw7-px36, MINI-xmrp-6wfp-xp5m, MINI-xmx8-jfcv-php2, MINI-xrx2-3pgq-fmx4, MINI-xv26-8xqw-94g4, ROOT-OS-DEBIAN-13-CVE-2025-68119, UBUNTU-CVE-2025-68119 ## What is CVE-2025-68119? CVE-2025-68119 is a high-severity command injection vulnerability in Golang Go, published on 28 Jan 2026. It can only be exploited from the same machine or local network, with no action from the victim. ### Official description Downloading and building modules with malicious version strings can cause local code execution. On systems with Mercurial (hg) installed, downloading modules from non-standard sources (e.g., custom domains) can cause unexpected code execution due to how external VCS commands are constructed. This issue can also be triggered by providing a malicious version string to the toolchain. On systems with Git installed, downloading and building modules with malicious version strings can allow an attacker to write to arbitrary files on the filesystem. This can only be triggered by explicitly providing the malicious version strings to the toolchain and does not affect usage of @latest or bare module paths. Weakness: CWE-787 (Out-of-bounds Write) ## Which versions are affected by CVE-2025-68119? 2 open source packages ship an affected version, including golang and toolchain. It affects 1 product. | Package | Ecosystem | Affected | Fixed in | | --- | --- | --- | --- | | `golang` | Bitnami | From 1.25.0 | 1.25.6 | | `toolchain` | Go | From 1.25.0 | 1.25.6 | Products: Golang Go. ## How do I fix CVE-2025-68119? Upgrade golang to 1.25.6 or later. ## Is CVE-2025-68119 being exploited? There is no known exploitation of CVE-2025-68119 in the wild and no public exploit code. ## Other vulnerabilities in Golang Go - [CVE-2020-0601](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2020-0601/): Microsoft Windows CryptoAPI Spoofing (high 8.1, exploited in the wild) - [CVE-2026-27143](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2026-27143/): Missing bound checks can lead to memory corruption in safe Go in cmd/compile (critical 9.8) - [CVE-2024-24790](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2024-24790/): Unexpected behavior from Is methods for IPv4-mapped IPv6 addresses in net/netip (critical 9.8) - [CVE-2023-39320](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2023-39320/): Arbitrary code execution via go.mod toolchain directive in cmd/go (critical 9.8) - [CVE-2023-24540](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2023-24540/): Improper handling of JavaScript whitespace in html/template (critical 9.8) ## Fix prompt for AI coding agents ```text Check this codebase for CVE-2025-68119 and fix it if it is affected. What it is: CVE-2025-68119 is a high-severity command injection vulnerability in Golang Go, published on 28 Jan 2026. It can only be exploited from the same machine or local network, with no action from the victim. Exploitation: There is no known exploitation of CVE-2025-68119 in the wild and no public exploit code. Affected packages and fixed versions: - golang (Bitnami): affected from 1.25.0; fixed in 1.25.6 - toolchain (Go): affected from 1.25.0; fixed in 1.25.6 Task: 1. Search the dependency manifests and lockfiles (for example package.json, package-lock.json, requirements.txt, poetry.lock, uv.lock, pom.xml, build.gradle, go.mod, Cargo.lock, Gemfile.lock) and any Dockerfiles for the affected packages, including transitive dependencies. 2. If an affected version is in use, upgrade it to the fixed version for its release line with the project's package manager, so the lockfile is regenerated. Prefer the smallest upgrade that fixes it. 3. If there is no fix, or the upgrade would break the build, do not guess: explain the risk and the safest workaround instead. 4. Run the tests and summarise what changed and why. 5. If nothing in the project is affected, say so and change nothing. Reference: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2025-68119/ (Markdown: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2025-68119/index.md) ``` ## Sources - CVE record: https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-68119 - NVD: https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-68119 - OSV: https://osv.dev/vulnerability/CVE-2025-68119 --- From sbomify Insights: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2025-68119/ Summaries are generated and may contain mistakes; the official description above is the record.