# CVE-2025-8181: TOTOLINK N600R/X2000R FTP Service vsftpd.conf least privilege violation

> Remote attackers can exploit a least privilege violation in the FTP service configuration to escalate privileges on TOTOLINK N600R and X2000R routers.

- **Severity:** High 8.6 (`CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X`)
- **Exploited in the wild:** Not known
- **Login needed:** An administrator
- **Attackable:** Over the internet
- **Victim action needed:** Not needed
- **Fix available:** No
- **Published:** 26 Jul 2025
- **Updated:** 28 Jul 2025
- **Also known as:** GHSA-2j2w-6vxv-4p23

## What is CVE-2025-8181?

CVE-2025-8181 is a high-severity vulnerability in TOTOLINK N600R, published on 26 Jul 2025. An attacker needs administrator access to exploit it, with no action from the victim.

### Official description

A vulnerability, which was classified as critical, was found in TOTOLINK N600R and X2000R 1.0.0.1. This affects an unknown part of the file vsftpd.conf of the component FTP Service. The manipulation leads to least privilege violation. It is possible to initiate the attack remotely.

Weakness: CWE-272 (Least Privilege Violation), CWE-266 (Incorrect Privilege Assignment)

## Which versions are affected by CVE-2025-8181?

It affects 2 products.


Products: Totolink N600r Firmware, Totolink X2000r Firmware.

## How do I fix CVE-2025-8181?

No fix has been published for CVE-2025-8181 yet. Limit exposure of the affected software until one is available.

## Is CVE-2025-8181 being exploited?

There is no known exploitation of CVE-2025-8181 in the wild and no public exploit code.

## Other vulnerabilities in TOTOLINK N600R

- [CVE-2025-51390](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2025-51390/): Command injection in n/a (critical 9.8)
- [CVE-2025-46060](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2025-46060/): Memory corruption in n/a (critical 9.8)
- [CVE-2025-22900](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2025-22900/): Memory corruption in n/a (critical 9.8)
- [CVE-2022-28905](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2022-28905/): Command injection in n/a (critical 9.8)
- [CVE-2022-28906](https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2022-28906/): Command injection in n/a (critical 9.8)

## Fix prompt for AI coding agents

```text
Check this codebase for CVE-2025-8181 and fix it if it is affected.

What it is: CVE-2025-8181 is a high-severity vulnerability in TOTOLINK N600R, published on 26 Jul 2025. An attacker needs administrator access to exploit it, with no action from the victim.
Exploitation: There is no known exploitation of CVE-2025-8181 in the wild and no public exploit code.

Affected product: TOTOLINK N600R. No package-level version data is available, so check the vendor advisory linked from the reference page.

Task:
1. Search the dependency manifests and lockfiles (for example package.json, package-lock.json, requirements.txt, poetry.lock, uv.lock, pom.xml, build.gradle, go.mod, Cargo.lock, Gemfile.lock) and any Dockerfiles for the affected packages, including transitive dependencies.
2. If an affected version is in use, upgrade it to the fixed version for its release line with the project's package manager, so the lockfile is regenerated. Prefer the smallest upgrade that fixes it.
3. If there is no fix, or the upgrade would break the build, do not guess: explain the risk and the safest workaround instead.
4. Run the tests and summarise what changed and why.
5. If nothing in the project is affected, say so and change nothing.

Reference: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2025-8181/ (Markdown: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2025-8181/index.md)
```

## Sources

- CVE record: https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-8181
- NVD: https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-8181
- OSV: https://osv.dev/vulnerability/CVE-2025-8181

---
From sbomify Insights: https://insights.sbomify.com/CVE-2025-8181/
Summaries are generated and may contain mistakes; the official description above is the record.