CVE-2025-9312 Improper Certificate-Based Authentication Enforcement in Multiple WSO2 Products
Attackers can bypass mTLS authentication to gain administrative privileges on WSO2 System REST APIs and SOAP services when specific default configurations are used.
- Exploited in the wild
- Not known
- Login needed
- Not needed
- Attackable
- Over the internet
- Victim action needed
- Not needed
- Fix
- None listed
What is CVE-2025-9312?
CVE-2025-9312 is a critical authentication bypass vulnerability in Wso2 Api Manager, published on 18 Nov 2025. An attacker can exploit it over the internet without logging in, with no action from the victim.
Official description
A missing authentication enforcement vulnerability exists in the mutual TLS (mTLS) implementation used by System REST APIs and SOAP services in multiple WSO2 products. Due to improper validation of client certificate–based authentication in certain default configurations, the affected components may permit unauthenticated requests even when mTLS is enabled. This condition occurs when relying on the default mTLS settings for System REST APIs or when the mTLS authenticator is enabled for SOAP services, causing these interfaces to accept requests without enforcing additional authentication.
Successful exploitation allows a malicious actor with network access to the affected endpoints to gain administrative privileges and perform unauthorized operations. The vulnerability is exploitable only when the impacted mTLS flows are enabled and accessible in a given deployment. Other certificate-based authentication mechanisms such as Mutual TLS OAuth client authentication and X.509 login flows are not affected, and APIs served through the API Gateway of WSO2 API Manager remain unaffected.
Weakness: CWE-306
Which versions are affected by CVE-2025-9312?
It affects 9 products.
Products include Wso2 Api Control Plane, Wso2 Api Manager, Wso2 Identity Server, Wso2 Identity Server as Key Manager, Wso2 Open Banking Am, Wso2 Open Banking Iam and 3 more.
How do I fix CVE-2025-9312?
No fix has been published for CVE-2025-9312 yet. Limit exposure of the affected software until one is available.
Upgrade, and rotate credentials and sessions that may have been exposed. More about Authentication bypass.
Is CVE-2025-9312 being exploited?
There is no known exploitation of CVE-2025-9312 in the wild and no public exploit code.
Other vulnerabilities in Wso2 Api Manager
- CVE-2026-5430 WSO2 Multiple Products Path Traversal Vulnerability
- CVE-2026-1728 Privilege Escalation via System REST APIs in Multiple WSO2 Products Permits Admin Account Takeover
- CVE-2025-10611 Potential Broken Access Control in Multiple WSO2 Products via System REST APIs
- CVE-2025-9152 Improper Privilege Management in Multiple WSO2 API Manager via keymanager-operations DCR Endpoint
- CVE-2025-9804 Improper Access Control in Multiple WSO2 Products via Internal SOAP Admin Services and System REST APIs
Sources
Also known as GHSA-wrx7-mg98-47qj.